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UGANDA VETERINARY ASSOCIATION
PROGRAMME AND ABSTRACT BOOK
2015
SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM AND ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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UVA SCIENTIFIC SYMPOSIUM AND
ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING
2015
Theme:
The Veterinary Profession
for Socio-Economic
Transformation
and
Wealth Creation
Royal Canin was born out of one man’s
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TEL : +256 414 - 257 105 /
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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This conference has been organized in collaboration with
Farm Support Limited
UGANDA
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Veraam Health Centre, Enrovet
Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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H. E. YOWERI KAGUTA MUSEVENI
PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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HON. TRESS BUCYANAYANDI
Minister of Agriculture Animal Industry and Fisheries
HON. BRIGHT RWAMIRAMA
Minister of State for Animal Industry
Ministry of Agriculture,
Animal Industry and Fisheries
DR. NICHOLAS KAUTA
Director Animal Resources
Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry
and Fisheries
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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STATEMENT FROM THE
PRESIDENT
UGANDA VETERINARY ASSOCIATION
Dear Colleagues,
I wish to welcome all of you and our dear guests
to the 2015 Annual Scientific Symposium and
subsequently the Annual General Meeting.
In keeping with the theme, veterinarians are
this year being challenged to demonstrate their
relevance in fulfilling the expectations of the
society namely in the area of wealth creation and
socip-economic development as we conclude
the decade of the millennium Development
Goals (MDGs) by the end of this year 2015.
We are challenged to do a stock-taking of our
contribution in the attainment of the first MDG
goal of “eradicating extreme poverty” .We need
to ask the difficult but relevant question: To
what extent did the profession and the animal
sector contribute to the national and global
aspirations?
The post 2015 agenda development agenda
starting from 2016 is in form of seventeen
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The
first two goal s are directly relevant to our
profession as they respectively aim at “ending
poverty in all its forms everywhere “ and “ ending
hunger, achieving food security and improved
nutrition and promoting sustainable agriculture”.
Four other goals are also indirectly relevant
to the profession and the animal industry
and these include: goal 8 on “promoting
sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic
growth, full and productive employment and
decent work for all” , goal 13 on “ensuring
sustainable consumption and production
patterns”, goal 14 on “taking urgent action
to combat climate change and its impacts”
and goal 16 on “protection , restoration and
promotion of sustainable use of terrestrial
ecosystem…, combating desertification,
halting and reverse land degradation and
halting biodiversity loss”
As professionals, we are called upon to play
our role in contributing to the above goals.
The challenge is the framework within which
our impact can be felt. It calls for a vibrant
animal industry which is only possible in an
enabling policy environment. The current
unfortunate situation where professionals
especially in government face problems of low
remuneration, delayed or lack of promotions,
limited or lack of inputs and logistics and
transport and inadequate infrastructure
cannot enable delivery to the expectations
of the wealth creation and socio-economic
development programme leave alone the
attainment of the sustainable development
goals.
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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We must therefore continue to
demand for a dynamic Ministry
responsible for Animal Industry that
will adopt appropriate policies for
increased
productive
capacities,
productive employment, sustainable
pastoralist development and resilient
infrastructure that would address the
problems of product quality, epidemics
and the neglected diseases. It also
calls for a strong and vibrant veterinary
statutory body (VSB/UVB) that
provides the regulatory function for
effective professional services. It calls
for all-encompassing partnerships to
achieve synergy in the operations in
the sector.
Welcome and have a successful
Scientific symposium and General
Assembly.
UGANDA VETERINARY
ASSOCIATION
Vision
To be a dynamic professional body
contributing to the development and
well-being of the members,
community and national economy.
Mission
Dr. D.V. Lali Mundrugo-Ogo
PRESIDENT
To empower membership and foster
community development for improved
livelihoods through better utilization of
opportunities in animal resources,
promotion of advocacy, information
literacy and partnership.
UVA Core Values
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Integrity
Team work
Client-oriented services
High Ethical Conduct
Multi disciplinarity
Plot 76 Buganda Road, P. O. Box 16540 Kampala - Uganda
Telephone: +256 414 251 762
Email: [email protected]
Website: http://vetuganda.org
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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Welcome message from the
CHAIRPERSON
Scientific Committee
Dear Colleagues,
W
elcome to UVA Scientific Symposium 2015 under the theme: “The Veterinary
Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
Today, we live and thrive in changing landscape requiring paradigm shift in Veterinary Professionalism
with focus to socio-economic transformation and wealth creation. This year’s symposium provides
unique opportunities to expore successes and challenges while focusing on future strategies and
opportunities. Uganda is on the move to transform from peasant society to modern society under
the vision 2040. . Hence, the role of the veterinary profession and livestock sector in economic
transformation cannot be underestimated. We have already witnessed livestock growth over the
years with current cattle population of more 11m heads of cattle compared to 6m 10 years ago.
The contribution of livestock sector to the economy in terms of Growth Domestic Product (GDP)
and improved livelihoods cannot be over-emphasized, yet the sector continues to suffer from
unprecedented losses due to diseases, low productivity, poor diagnostics facilities and resource
investment and changing ecosystems. Increased human population with increased demand
for animal source proteins across the globe, demand use of improved scientific approaches in
production and disease management practices. UVA scientific symposium provides this opportunity
for sharing scientific information; advances in production techniques and diagnostics and any area
relevant to this sector through the annual scientific symposium. The scientific team recognizes
great improvement and interest in the annual symposium and would like encourage the remaining
colleagues out there to embrace this platform.
We wish to thank all authors and co-authors for their submissions and acceptance to share their
experiences through; abstracts presentations and posters in the allocated sessions and we hope
that you will gain a lot of information that will facilitate your current and future professional work.
Appreciation is extended to scientific team for job well done of reviewing all the abstracts and
guiding authors to meet the requirements of the UVA Symposium Proceedings.
Assoc. Professor Lawrence Mugisha (BVM, MSc. PhD)
Chairperson UVA Scientific Committee
UVA General Secretary
President, Uganda Wildlife Veterinary Network Limited
Director, Conservation & Ecosystem Health Alliance (CEHA)
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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UGANDA VETERINARY ASSOCIATION
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
Dr. Lali Mundrugo
Hon. President UVA,
CVA Councilor,
Programme Officer, National Sciences
Uganda National Commission for
UNESCO
Minisry of Education and Sports
Dr. Charles Lagu
Hon. Asst. General Secretary
Zonal NAADS coordinator
Mbarara.
Dr. Monica M. Musenero
Hon. Vice President UVA,
Dr. Alice Banga
Hon. Treasurer, UVA
Director Eram (U) Ltd.
Dr. Lawrence Mugisha
Hon. General Secretary
Lecturer, COVAB
President, Uganda Wildlife Veterinary Network
Limited
Director, Conservation & Ecosystem Health Alliance
(CEHA)
Dr. Balikoowa David
Hon. Assist. Treasurer UVA,
Director Research
ZARDI BUGIZADI NARO - Mbarara
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Dr. Stephen Birungi
Committee Member UVa
Managing Director Farm Support Ltd
Dr. Clovice Kankya
Committee Member, UVA
Lecturer COVAB
Dr. Berna Nakanwagi
Committee Member, UVA
Director, Kampala Veterinary Surgery
Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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Veterinary Wealth SACCO
Welcome message from the Chairperson
I take this opportunity to thank the organizers of this symposium
and all those who have contributed towards the success of this
occasion.
This year’s symposium is unique in the sense that the
veterinary fraternity will be witnessing the launch of another offspring, the Veterinary Wealth SACCO
(VWS). This launch is expected to be presided over by none other than His Excellency General
Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, the President of the Republic of Uganda. This is not only a privilege of
having His Excellency to preside over our symposium for the first time, but also a clear message of
his unwavering support and recognition of the veterinary fraternity (and all its arms e.g. VWS) as a
partners in the development of this country.
The Veterinary Wealth SACCO as a brain child of UVA was conceived in 2008 and embraced by UVA
Annual General Meeting of 2011 at which a resolution to register a SACCO was made. Subsequently,
the registration process was spearheaded by an interim committee which culminated into the SACCO
being officially registered on 1st June 2012. It is worth mentioning that on 28th July 2012, the 1st
Annual General Meeting was held during which the Executive Committee (Board) and the Supervisory/
Audit Committee were elected. As the pioneer board, we have been engaged in drawing up policies
and guidelines that will help to steer the SACCO to greater heights. To embark on the journey of
success there is still need to put in place a formidable management team to steer the organization to
the path of growth and development.
There is no doubt that UVA, our parent organization, is one of the biggest and most organized
professional associations in the country. It is no surprise therefore that it has chosen to rally members
to harness synergies for their personal and professional development. The operation of this SACCO
will focus on strengthening this pillar for fostering development. Our focus is on resource mobilization
through share capital, personal savings and other sources to create a capital base from which
members will borrow at better terms for personal development.
We also plan to invest in profitable ventures putting emphasis on our industry’s value chain,
specifically focusing on vertical integration. For example, investing in feeds production, breeding,
broiler/beef production and finally, abattoir and processing to mention but a few. Therefore, I call upon
all Veterinarians to embrace this opportunity by joining and actively supporting the SACCO
Let me also take this opportunity to thank my fellow board members and the UVA secretariat for the
job well done so far.
Finally I thank those who have responded to our call to join the SACCO and I am confident all Vets
will heed this call so as to liberate ourselves economically hence fulfilling our motto “Vet Wealth for
better life”
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Dr. Richard Mucunguzi
BOARD CHAIRMAN, VETERINARY WEALTH SACCO
Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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The VWS Executive Committee
Dr. Richard Mucunguzi
Chairperson
Dr. Ronald Semakalu
Vice - Chairperson
Dr. Sylvia Nalubwama
Member
Dr. David Kibiike
Treasurer
Dr. Lawrence Mugisha
Member
Dr. Harriet Nakanwagi
Secretary
Dr. Godfrey Nsereko
Member
The VWS Supervisory committee
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Dr. Samuel George Okech
Chairperson
Dr. Alice Hope Banga
Member
Dr. Dominic Lalli Mundrugo
Member
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Conference formats
English is the language of the symposium. The formats have been chosen to encourage active
participation by all symposium participants
Key note address
Discussions among symposium participants during activities such as the Didactic sessions,
Exhibition and Cocktail poster session are rewarding because everybody has some relevant
experience to share. However sometimes only a few participants are familiar with the certain
knowledge. These experts are invited to give a short Key Note presentation to the symposium
participants.
Didactic sessions
These are conducted by experts who will update participants on the latest in veterinary
professions education, service and research. These sessions generally consist of a lecture after
which there will be plenty of time to ask questions for or discuss specific topics with experts.
Exhibition
To ensure that participants do not miss out on any exciting initiatives in the one health concept,
organizers have arranged an exhibition to inform veterinarians about the new innovations in
their specialties and how these can be useful in improving the livelihoods of veterinarians. At
this session you walk around to find the stalls that interest you and then talk to the presenters
who will be standing beside their stalls.
Cocktail poster session
To ensure that participants do not miss out on any exciting initiatives described in posters that
cannot be fitted in the didactic session, organizers have arranged poster session at the social
evening. At this session you walk around to find the posters that interested you and then talk
to the presenters who will be standing beside their posters.
Keynote address
Dr. Samuel Mugaasi
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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UVA Scientific Symposium and AGM Program,
3rd-4th Dec, 2015 at Imperial Royale Hotel, Kampala, Uganda
The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation
THEME:
DAY 1: 3 December, 2015
SESSION
TIME
Activity
Registration 8:00 – Arrival and registra9:00am tion of Participants
Session 1
9:00 – Welcome remarks
9:10am
9:10 – Overview of the two
9:30am days program & expectations
rd
SESSION CHAIRPERSON / RESPONSIBLE PERSON
UVA Secretariat
MC
Assoc. Prof Lawrence Mugisha
SESSION Presenter
Title
page
9:30: – 10:30am Session 1: Emerging and re-emerging Zoonotic Diseases in a changing landscape and climatic
change
9:30
15
Charles Masembe
9:45
15
T. Kabuuka
10:00
15
William Mwebembezi
10:15
15
Halid Kirunda
10:30:
15
Emmanuel Hasahya
10:45
15
Katali Kirungi Benda
Can recent advances in molecular genetics
decipher the transmission dynamics of African
swine fever at the livestock-wildlife interface?
Is African Swine Fever changing in Uganda: A
molecular Insight
Prevalence of antibodies against Brucella in cattle
production systems around Lake Mburo National
Park
The potential of Glutathione S-transferase in
control of African tick infestation and tick-borne
heamoparasite infection
Prevalence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in feacal
samples of Dogs at Small Animal Clinic, CoVAB
and VetLuv Clinic, Mbuya
Efficacy of Commercially Available
Anthelmintics inControlling Gastrointestinal
Nematodes in Goats Managed under Natural
Conditions in the South Western Highlands of
Uganda
Session 2
10:45: – 12PM Opening Ceremony
Opening
10:30 am
Arrival of Guest of Honor
ceremony
10:45 – 12:00
Noon
Opening Ceremony
MC
MC
• National anthem
• Prayer
• Welcome Remarks_ scientific committee
chairperson
• Assoc. Prof. Lawrence
Mugisha
• Key Note address
•
• Speech from the SACCO chairperson
• Dr. Samuel Mugaasi
• Speech from the UVA President
• Dr Mucunguzi Richard
• Speech from COVAB Principal
• Dr Lali Mundrugo
• Director Animal Resources
• Prof. JD Kabasa
• Speech from the Hon Minister
• Dr. Nicholas Kauta
• Speech from the Guest of Honor
• Hon Bright Rwamirama
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• Awards, Group photo, Exhibition
Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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DAY 1 :
Session
3
1:pm
27th Nov, 2014
Production and Health Management
Joseph Sserunga
1:15
Irene Mbatidde
1:30
Francis Mutebi
1:30 –
1:45
Chris Ayebazibwe
1:45 –
2:00pm
Charles Lagu
page
Animal Health Practices and Livestock Diseases. An Explorative Data Analysis of the
UBOS 2011/12 National Panel Survey
Quantitative evaluation of antibiotic residues
in raw milk samples in Kiboga District: Implication on Public Health
Animal tungiasis: A serious animal welfare issue and a public health hazard in rural Uganda
National Risk Based Strategy for Progressive
Control Pathway of Foot and Mouth Disease
in Uganda
Causing revolution in Dairy Production and
Productivity through Strategic Pasture improvement in the Cattle Corridor of Uganda
Lunch
2:00Health break
2:45pm
2:45 pm Session 4 Business, Entrepreneurship in Veterinary Practice and
3:15 pm
Chair:
2: 45
M. Mwesigwa
Mindset and Lifestyle change needed for doing Agriculture as a Business
3:00pm
Beatrice Byarugaba
Status of Agriculture Extension Services in
Uganda
3: 15
Rt. General Careb Akand- Wealth Creation Uganda Program: What is
the role of Veterinarians and other extension
wanaho
workers in Uganda
Godfrey Kiwanuka KimInvestment opportunities for a VETERINARY SURGEON- for economic transforbugwe
mation and wealth creation.
Paul Lobeau
How Belgium is dealing with getting the necessary information on the food chain regarding
the occurrence of diseases that may affect the
safety of the meat in Belgian slaughterhouses
Panel Discussion
4:005:00pm
3:45
DAY TWO: 4th December, 2015
8:00 –
9:00am
9:00am
–
1:00pm
Registration
1:002:00pm
Lunch and Departure
ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING : Agenda to be communicated
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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Sub-Theme1:
Emerging and re-emerging Zoonotic Diseases in a changing landscape and climatic change
Can recent advances in molecular genetics decipher the transmission dynamics of African
swine fever at the livestock-wildlife interface?
Charles Masembe1, Peter Ogweng1, Johnson Mayega1, Gavin Wilkie2, Sreenu Vattipally2, Roman
Biek3, Vincent Muwanika1, Massimo Palmarini2
1-Makerere University; 2- MRC - University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research; 3- Institute of
Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine
University of Glasgow
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious hemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs, wildboar and feral
swine, and causes death in 2-10 days with a mortality rate of upto 100%. However the warthogs and bushpigs
are refractory to ASF Virus (ASFV), and therefore are potential natural reserviors, providing a hotspot for
spillovers to the domestic pigs. ASF is caused by the ASFV, the only member of the Asfarviridae family,
genus Asfvirus and the only DNA arbovirus. There are 22 genotypes of ASFV and are present in Africa, with
genotype IX predominating in Uganda. There is a porous border between wildlife and livestock, creating a
possibility for movement of pathogens, including ASFV in either direction. Determination of the ASF genome
characteristics and differences between disease outbreaks and host species is important in dilineating the
direction of the ASFV and devising approproiate control and prevention strategies. In this study we therefore
intend to collect whole blood samples from domestic pigs, warthogs, bushpigs and soft ticks to investigate
the presence of ASFV using PCR. We intend to carry out full genome sequencing of the ASFV detected in
the above samples and be able to use a bioinformatic platform to delineate uniquenesses between the ASF
viruses. This approach will give an insight in the multihost genetic variation of ASFV and the transmission
networks of the virus in Uganda. The results will provide a baseline for designing of prevention and control
strategies of ASF in Uganda, and eventual improvement of livelihoods of smallscale pig farmers.
Keywords: African swine fever virus, bioinformatics, genomics, molecular genetics, pigs
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Corresponding author email: [email protected]
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Title: Is African swine fever changing in Uganda: A molecular insight.
Authors: T. Kabuuka1, P.D. Kasaija1, H. Mulindwa1, K.D.Atuhaire1, J. van Heerden4, L. Heath4, F.O.
Fasina2, A.D.S Bastos3.
Authors’ affiliation:
National Livestock Resources Research Institute (NaLIRRI), National Agricultural Research Organisation
(NARO), P.O. Box 96, Tororo, Uganda
1
Department of Production Animal Studies (DPAS), Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria,
Onderstepoort, South Africa
2
Mammal Research Institute,Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural
Science, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa.
3
Transboundary Animal Diseases Programme, Agricultural Research Centre-Onderstepoort Veterinary
Institute, South Africa.
4
Corresponding author’s address: [email protected], or [email protected]
Abstract
The African Swine Fever (ASF) virus is an arthropod-borne virus of the family Asfaviridae and is a complex,
large enveloped DNA virus with a genome of 170 – 190 kbp. Up to 22 different genotypes have been known
to occur in sub-Saharan Africa based on the p72 gene sequences, which confirms a high degree of genetic
variability of the virus in its endemic setting. The disease is endemic in the warthogs (Phacocoerus africanus
and P. aethiopicus), bush pigs (Potamochoerus larvatus and P. porcus) and giant forest hogs (Hylochoerus
meinertzhangeni) without clinical symptoms. It can produce clinical signs and fatal outcomes in the European
wild boar (Sus scrofa), feral pigs and domestic pigs. A sylvatic cycle exists and viruses from southern and
East African countries were heterogeneous and resolved with multiple genotypes. In Uganda outbreaks
of ASF occurred in 2003 and since 2007, ASF has continuously become problematic in the domestic pig
populations. Prompt diagnosis is important through isolation of infectious virus, DNA detection, and virus
antigens and serologically. ASF diagnosis using molecular genetics is based primarily on p72 gene, p54
gene, restriction enzyme analysis and Central variable regional (CVR) of 9RL ORF analyses. This study
hypothesized that the current methods are not discriminatory enough and compared the discriminatory
potentials of p72 gene, p54 gene, CVR and now the Thymidine kinase gene of ASF. Our results revealed that
the TK gene responsible for pathogenicity offered more sensitivity and strongly modifies the disease control
approaches to ASF.
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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Prevalence of antibodies against Brucella in cattle production systems around Lake Mburo National
Park
Mwebembezi William¹, Grace Kagoro - Rugunda², Claire Card³
¹Mbarara Regional Veterinary Laboratory, Mbarara, Uganda; ²Mbarara, University of Science and Technology,
Mbarara, Uganda; ³Western College of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon,
Canada
The problem of brucellosis among animal owners and handlers is escalating day after day given its economic
importance and the fact that it is transmissible to humans especially in developing countries where exposure
risks and transmission avenues are not fully understood. The threat is worse among farmers along the wildlife
livestock interface where animals mingle during critical periods of marked shortage of pasture and water. A
cross sectional study was conducted around Lake Mburo National Park in South Western Uganda, aiming
at finding out and comparing the prevalence of antibodies against Brucella in the varying cattle production
systems. The study was based on laboratory examination of Bovine sera taken from varying production
systems and breeds above one year of age. Brucella Agglutination Plate Test was used as a screening test
and confirmed by indirect ELISA test. Furthermore, information was obtained through administration of
a structured questionnaire targeting various stake holders in the communities. Results revealed the lowest
individual animal prevalence in the Traditional Dual purpose Production system, followed by Commercial
Dairy Production system, and the highest was recorded in the Transitional Dairy Production system. The
Chi Square test showed significant variation in prevalence among production systems. The study revealed
that stock introductions is an important avenue for transfer of brucellosis between herds and this was
highly evidenced in the Transitional Dairy production system. Congested and restricted confinements in the
Commercial Dairy Production also provide better opportunities for intra herd transmission of the Brucella
infective organisms. In conclusion, cattle that are less confined under Traditional Dual purpose Production
even when they mix with wild animals at the interface are at a lower risk of contracting the disease compared
to those confined in the other two production systems. The production system affects the risk of exposure to
infection. The study findings imply that control measures be directed to more vulnerable groups of animals
and screening animals before they are allowed to move should be emphasized to check inter herd transmission
of the disease.
Key words; Antibodies, Brucella, Cattle, Prevalence, Production system, Wildlife
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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The potential of Glutathione S-transferase in control of African tick infestation and tick-borne
heamoparasite infection
Halid Kirunda1*, Richard A. Alingu1, Luis Fernando Parizi2, Nelson Muwereza1, Charles Ndawula Jr1,
Paul D. Kasaija1, George Egaddu1 Mariana Coutinho2 and Itabajara da Silva Vaz Jr2
National Livestock Resources Research Institute (NaLIRRI), P.O. Box 96, Tororo, Uganda
1
Center for Biotechnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
2
*Corresponding author:
Halid Kirunda, National Livestock Resources Research Institute (NaLIRRI), P.O. Box 96, Tororo, Uganda;
Phone contact: +256772927430; Email Address: [email protected]
Abstract
Ticks are blood-sucking parasites that infest a wide array of species and cause significant losses to livestock
production. The ticks Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, R. (Boophilus) decoloratus and Amblyomma variegatum
cause great economic losses in African countries due to the diseases it transmits, along with bovine weight
loss and the related high control costs This study evaluated the potential of Haemaphysalis longicornis
recombinant glutathione S-transferase (rGST-Hl) in the control of R. appendiculatus, R. decoloratus and
A. variegatum in Zebu cattle. A field trial was conducted involving 11 experimentally vaccinated yearling
cattle and 11 others in a control group. Each head of cattle in the vaccinated group was immunized with tree
inoculations with 200 µg of GST-Hl and the control group received only adjuvant. Live weight, engorged
tick counts, whole blood and sera were analyzed on a 21-day interval until 127 days. Haemoparasites were
identified using blood smears, while humoral response against rGST-Hl was analyzed using ELISA. Results
showed an average reduction in tick counts by 85% for R. appendiculatus and 88% for R. (Boophilus)
decoloratus among the vaccinated East African Short-horn Zebu (EASZ) and EASZ/Sahiwal cross-bred
cattle. No reduction in tick infestation was observed for A. variegatum. Additionally, cattle in the control
group that had T. parva infection throughout the experimental period, no single head of cattle among the
vaccinated group had infection from day 85 post-vaccination. Study results suggest that rGST-Hl achieved
partial cross-protection against R. appendiculatus and R. (Boophilus) decoloratus and T. parva infestation
and could be a promising anti-tick vaccine candidate against these tick species.
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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Prevalence of Cryptosporidium Oocysts in Faecal Samples of Dogs Presented to the Small Animal
Clinic, CoVAB and VETLUV Clinic, Mbuya
HASAHYA EMMANUEL
ABSTRACT
A cross sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence and spatial distribution of cryptosporidiosis
in dogs in Kampala. Faecal samples were collected at the two busiest small animal clinics in Kampala
Vetluv and Small Animal Clinic, Makerere. A structured questionnaire was used to collect quantitative
data from the dog owners. Faecal specimens were collected from 126 dogs regardless of age and
subjected to density gradient centrifugation to remove debris and concentrate oocysts and then stained
using Zeihl-Neelsen technique viewed under a light microscope at x100 objective lens. Cryptosporidium
oocysts were detected in 36.5% of the dogs’ faecal samples. The study found out that Crysptosporidium
oocysts are most prevalent in faeces of paediatrics at 51.3%, lowest in middle aged dogs at 29.6% and
in the elderly at 33.3%. 45.9% of males had cryptosporidium oocysts in their faeces as opposed to
23.1% in females. Cryptosporidiosis prevalence by breed was 26.3%, 42.9%, and47.6%, 44.4% for
basenji, mongrel, German shepherd and others respectively. Dogs which were being provided food had
Cryptosporidium oocysts prevalence of 37.4% as opposed to 0.00% for those that were not provided
with food. Dogs kept as a single doghad cryptosporidiosis prevalence of 38.4%compared to 35.4%for
dogs that were kept with other dogs. Cryptosporidiosis prevalence was higher (37%) among the dogs
which were provided with un-boiled water as compared to a prevalence of 28.6% of dogs that were
provided with boiled water. The prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in the five divisions of Kampala district
was within a close range although the central division had a higher
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
23
Efficacy of Commercially Available Anthelmintics in Controlling Gastrointestinal Nematodes in
Goats Managed under Natural Conditions in the South Western Highlands of Uganda
Katali Kirungi Benda1*, Andrew Ampaire1, Jenninah Komungyeyo1, Robert Mukiibi2 and Robert
Onzima1
National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO), KachwekanoZonal Agricultural Research and
1
Development Institute (KAZARDI), Kabale, Uganda
Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutritional Sciences (AFNS), University of Alberta, Canada
2
Abstract
Goat production is socio-economically important to the rural farmers (especially in Uganda). Among the
challenges of goat production are resistant Gastro Intestinal Nematodes (GINs). The study aimed at examining
the efficacy of four commercially available anthelmintics for controlling Gastro Intestinal Nematodes (GINs)
in goats on natural pastures in Kabale, Kisoro, Rukungiri and Kanungu Districts. A mini survey was conducted
prior to the current study to get information about the most commonly used dewormers in the study area.
Initially, 240 goats enrolled in the study and, 210 were used in the final analysis. The goats were randomly
allocated to 5 different treatment groups at district level namely; untreated controls (CTRL), Albendazole
10% (ABZ), Ivermectin (IVE), Levamisole (LEV) and Closantel (CL). Fecal samples were collected from
each animal at 0, 14, 28 and 42 days post-treatment respectively and analysed for faecal egg counts (FEC)
using the modified McMaster method. The percentage reduction, FECR% was calculated from the arithmetic
mean and difference in FEC between breeds, district and age were assessed. District and age at sampling
had a significant effect on FEC (P-value=0.001 and 0.035 respectively) while breed was not (P = 0.468).
Drug efficacy varied between districts, with the highest mean Fecal Egg Count Reduction (FECR) achieved
with Closantel (FECR%=100%), while the lowest mean FECR observed with Albendazole (FECR%=49%).
Ivermectin was effective in all the four districts (FECRT% > 95%). Anthelmintic Resistance in goats is
present in the study area. Albendazole is highly ineffective due to its wide spread usage.
Key words: Gastro Intestinal Nematodes; Anthelmintics; Goats; Efficacy; Fecal Egg Count Reduction Test
(FECRT); Uganda
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
24
Sub-Theme2:
Production and Health Management
Animal Health Practices and Livestock Diseases
An Explorative Data Analysis of the UBOS 2011/12 National Panel Survey
Joseph Sserugga1, Patrick Okello2, Ugo Pica-Ciamarra3
Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF), Entebbe, Uganda, [email protected]
Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS), Kampala, Uganda, [email protected]
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy, [email protected]
ABSTRACT
This paper presents an explorative data analysis of the 2011/12 Uganda National Panel Survey (NPS). The
UBOS NPS dataset is one of the largest datasets on livestock at household level available throughout Africa.
It allows generating nationally and regionally representative statistics on several variables, including on
farmers’ animal health practices and on animal mortality due to diseases. This is unprecedented, as so far no
data at all were available on farmers’ animal health practices or on the impact of diseases on their livestock
assets. About 59% of rural households depend on livestock for their livelihoods, which contribute about
18% to their income. Around three-quarters of them do not vaccinate their animals against any disease or
take measures against internal or external parasites. Diseases are the first cause of animal losses: from 10%
of cattle-keeping households to over 30% of chicken-keeping households report to have lost at least one
animal to disease in the past 12 months. A reason is that only 19% of rural livestock farmers utilize extension
services, which is a major livelihood loss: the annual net income per average herd is about US$ 453 and
US$ 140 for livestock-keeping households that utilize and do not utilize extension services respectively.
The MAAIF 2015/16 – 2019/20 Agricultural Sector Strategic Plan correctly aims to also reorganize the
system of agricultural extension. The paper makes a proposal to identify institutional reforms to successfully
implement the single spine extension system in the livestock sector. Forthcoming NPS livestock data can be
used to monitor the ASDP implementation.
KEYWORDS: animal diseases; livestock extension services, National Panel Survey, official statistics
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
25
Quantitative evaluation of antibiotic residues in raw milk samples in Kiboga district, central Uganda,
implications on public health
Irene Mbatidde1, John N. Kateregga 2, Patrick Vudrico2, Moses T. Dhikusooka1,
Animal Health, National Agricultural Research Organization, Mbarara, Uganda (Irene Mbatidde, Moses
Tefula Dhikusooka)
1
Veterinary Pharmacy, Clinics and Comparative Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda (John
N Kateregga, Patrick Vudrico)
2
Emailaddresses:[email protected],katereggaj@covab,mak.ac.ug,[email protected]
[email protected]
Abstract
Milk and milk products are among the most consumed food products world over. However, ensuring that
milk consumed by humans especially in developing countries is of the best quality without adulterations
is still a problem. In Uganda there are few documented studies that quantify presence of drug residues
in milk. A study to establish and quantify presence of antibiotic residues in milk in Kiboga district was
conducted in March 2015. Fifty four milk samples including 49 on farm samples and four samples from
community bulk milk collection centres were randomly collected in March 2015 from two pastoralist sub
counties in Kiboga district. These samples were collected using sterlile Bijou bottles and were analyzed for
drug residues by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Four types of antibiotics (Gentamycine,
Oxytetracycline, Amoxycilline and Cephalexine) were detected in these samples. All samples from the
bulk milk collection centres were found to be positive with Oxytetracycline and Amoxycilline while 75%
were positive for Cephalexine and 25% for Gentamycine. From the individual farm milk samples, 53.8%
were positive for Gentamycin, 73% for Amoxicilline, 86.5% for Cefalaxine and 96% for Oxytetracycline.
Although the concentrations of these four types of antibiotics residues in milk was found to be below the
recommended limits set by the WHO in milk foods, measures such as public sensitisation on proper drug
management among pastoralist communities and observation of milk with drawal periods after treatment
with antibiotics are required to avert the likely side effects of such drugs in the milk value chain .
Key words; Drug Residues, Raw Milk, Public Health
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
26
Animal tungiasis: A serious animal welfare issue and a public health hazard in rural Uganda
Francis Mutebi1∗, Jürgen Krücken2, Hermann Feldmeier3, Charles Waiswa1, Norbert Mencke4,
Elizabeth Sentongo5, Georg von Samson-Himmelstjerna2¶
School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources
and Bio-security, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
1
Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
2
Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin,
Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
3
Bayer Animal Health, Leverkusen, Germany
4
Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere
University, Kampala, Uganda
5
∗Correspondence: [email protected]
Zoonotic tungiasis in animals predisposes humans to increased risk, prevalence and intensity of infections
thus severe morbidity. A wide range of animals act as reservoirs for T. penetrans and these differ from
one endemic area to another. For Uganda, the important animal hosts of T. penetrans are not known and
systematic studies on tungiasis-associated animal morbidity are lacking. Cognisant of the above problem, a
cross sectional study was conducted during a dry season in 10 endemic villages in Bugiri District, Busoga
in animal rearing households. The study identified pigs, dogs, goats and cats as important animal hosts of T.
penetrans, with pigs, goat kids and dogs presenting with high infection intensities and severe morbidities.
Affected animals presented with a wide range of acute and chronic pathological manifestations with severe
cases causing lameness and loss of claws. Pigs had highest prevalences of tungiasis (up to 64.1%) followed
by dogs (up to 27%) in the villages. The prevalence of human tungiasis among animal rearing households
in the villages followed the same patterns as animal tungiasis with prevalences ranging from 1.3-37.3%
among villages. A strong correlation occurred between the prevalence of human and animal tungiasis at both
household (rho=0.4, p<0.001) and village (rho=0.89, p=0.0005) levels and animal tungiasis increased the
odds of occurrence of human cases in households six fold (OR=6.1, CI 3.3-11.4, p<0.001). In conclusion,
animal tungiasis is a public health hazard and an economically significant veterinary health problem in
endemic rural Uganda warranting a One Health approach for effective control.
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
27
National Risk Based Strategy for Progressive Control Pathway of Foot and Mouth Disease in Uganda
Chris Ayebazibwe
Causing revolution in Dairy Production and Productivity through Strategic Pasture improvement in
the Cattle Corridor of Uganda
Charles Lagu, Samuel Mugasi, Thomas Nsemerirwe, Christopher Bukenya
National Agricultural Advisory Services, P.O. Box 25235, Kampala
Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Researchers, Government, training institutions and development partners have made efforts to revitalize the
production and productivity of rangelands in the cattle corridor. The various efforts yielded some results
but to a limited scale. Some of the interventions included grazing management, bush/ shrub management,
bush clearing, bush burning, maintaining stocking capacities and over showing of seeds in addition to land
fallowing.
There is increasing demand for better dairy production through improved feeding of livestock coupled
with harsh climatic change especially during the dry season when milk yields reduces by over 60%. Under
NAADS/ operation wealth creation (OWC) programme, Government has embarked on dairy nutrition
improvement through strategic pasture improvement in the cattle corridor. This efforts were realized through,
bush clearing, ploughing, harrowing, planting, weeding, harvesting seeds and fodder preservation through
hay and silage making.
The grass pastures and legumes being promoted include; Chloris gayana (Rhodes grass), Brachiaria
brizantha (Signal grass), Napier grass, Lucerne (Alfalfa), Centrocema pubescens-centro (butterfly pea),
Desmodium intortum-green leaf (desmodium) and Dolichos Lablab (Lablab). There is cost sharing from the
farmers and strategic support from NAADS/OWC.
This intervention recommends the farmers to take fodder preservation seriously for dry season feeding by
making hay, silage and multi-nutrient mineral blocks to sustain milk yields during dry season. The intervention
also recommends introduction of tractorisation of community hire services to support pasture revolution in
the cattle corridor for sustainable dairy yields and productivity hence improved household incomes and
socio-economic transformation.
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
28
Sub-Theme2:
Session 4:
Business, Entrepreneurship in Veterinary Practice
Mindset and Lifestyle Change Needed for Doing Agriculture as a Business
M. Mwesigwa
Mukono Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MUZARDI)
P.O Box 164 Mukono, Uganda
+256 772 367 369/ +256 704 523 391
[email protected]
Abstract
Uganda, like many other countries in sub-Saharan Africa, has received donations, grants and AID to develop
the agricultural subsector since her independence. However, majority of Ugandans involved in farming as
a source of their livelihood have continued to wallow in poverty mainly because of poor attitude towards
change and lack of an innovative self-help mindset (A set of beliefs or way of thinking that determines one’s
behavior, outlook and mental attitude - which affect the agricultural sector directly and indirectly).
A number of development models have been developed and tested with the aim of taking people out of
poverty, but with no tangible success. The people who receive the aid have increasingly become more
dependent on aid leaving them more of beggars than ever before. This is because the aid kills the self-help
spirit and ‘bulungi bwansi’, leaving people expecting everything to come from government or somewhere
else.
Uganda faced political instabilities for a major part of the post-independence era; however, this should no
longer be the excuse for underdevelopment since a large part of the country has enjoyed relative peace for
the past quarter a century.
There is a feeling that now is the time to reflect on mindset and lifestyle change, work culture, saving and
spending ethics, corruption tendencies and participate in moving our country forward. Now is the time to
take a deeper reflection on the future of our children and take major decisions and actions to transform
our families, communities, districts and country at large. Our children will remember us for not the heroic
achievements of our time, but the foundations we set for them to enjoy better lifestyles, this will be our pride.
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
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How Belgium is dealing with getting the necessary information on the food chain regarding the
occurrence of diseases that may affect the safety of the meat in Belgian slaughterhouses
Dr. Paul Lobeau, veterinary practitioner Western Belgium [email protected]
Dr. Koen De Bleecker, head of ruminants sector, Animal Health Care Centre Flanders Koen.
[email protected]
Abstract
In Belgian every farmer or producer of animals destined for human consumption is obliged to notify certain
elements regarding risks on safety of the meat. This information must be provided to the slaughterhouses
24 hours in advance. This can be provided in paper or electronically (by email) to the keeper of the
slaughterhouse. This notification gives information over the last 2 months regarding veterinary drug use and
treatments but also information on the occurrence of diseases that may affect the safety of the meat. Also
available results of certain laboratory analysis that may be relevant to the protection of public health must
be included. These notifications are done for all categories of animals that are being slaughtered for human
consumption. There are 7 categories: poultry, swine, horse, calves (<12 months), cattle, sheep and goat and
lagomorphs (rabbits). All this information is very useful and necessary to complement and inform the antemortem inspection done by the inspecting veterinarian in the slaughterhouse. In addition to this ante-mortem
inspection, the veterinarian also performs post-mortem inspections. For this he must systematically perform
ad random sample taking for different settings and matrices and this for all mentioned categories.
Status of Agriculture Extension Services in Uganda
Beatrice Byaruhanga
Operation Wealth Creation Program (OWCP): What is the role of Veterinarians and other extension
workers in OWCP in Uganda
Careb Akandwanaho
Investment opportunities for a VETERINARY SURGEON- for economic transformation and wealth
creation
Godfrey Kiwanuka Kimbugwe
PANEL DISSICUSSION: Opportunities for Wealth Creation in Livestock Sector
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
30
Evervictory Ltd is a private limited company that was registered in
2007 in Uganda and has been operating since.
We are fully licensed by the Uganda National Drug Authority (NDA)
to carry out business nationwide in the area of marketing and
distribution of veterinary drugs and vaccines, equipment and feed
supplements in Uganda for small/large animals, pets, and poultry.
Nature of business
Evervictory Ltd continues to establish itself in the area of marketing
and distribution of livestock drugs, vaccines, feed supplements and
equipment in Uganda, and indeed our influence is fast spreading
into the entire great lakes region as farmers and dealers have
come from thence looking for our products.
This has come about as a result provision of quality brands, hard
work and a well planned marketing strategy with focus on customer
satisfaction and feedback.
We have established our presence in the entire four corners of the
country, and we have contacts at grassroots level.
Our goal is to make readily available, a wide range of high quality,
affordable Veterinary products on the Ugandan Market that will
make Farming more profitable and therefore ensuring sustainable
growth of the industry together with us.
Location and Address: Our head office is located at plot 14/18, Nakivubo Place in Kampala. We can be
contacted on the following address:
P. O. Box 11304, Kampala, Telephone: +256 711138962, +256 703138962
Email: [email protected]
Fax: + 256 414 235 629,
We have two branches; one located on plot 14/18, Nakivubo Place Road in Kampala and another on plot
61/63, High Street, Mbarara.
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
31
DAIRY DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (DDA)
WHO WE ARE
Dairy Development Authority is a statutory body under the
Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries
established under the Dairy Industry Act, 1998 with a mandate
to provide development and regulatory services.
The Authority’s vision is “a dynamic, profitable and well
regulated dairy sector”.
Mission “To provide dairy development and regulatory
services that will ensure increased production and consumption
of milk, sustainable and profitable dairy industry sector that
will contribute to economic development and improved
nutritional standards in Uganda”
Duties of the Authority:
1. Registers and licenses milk processors and traders.
2. Supports dairy farmer’s marketing organizations.
The Minister of
Agriculture, Animal
Industry and
Fisheries Hands over
a milk can to a dairy
farmer
3. Registers dairy farmer’s groups.
4. Advises Government on milk standards and coordinate the
enforcement of those standards in liaison with the Uganda
National Bureau of Standards.
5. Controls and regulates dairy related import and export
activities in conformity with external Trade Act but without
violating the animals Diseases Act.
6. Coordinate all dairy processing and marketing,
promotional activities such as seminars, trade fairs and
workshops.
7. Pool dairy processing and marketing data and advise
Government on research priorities of the dairy sector.
8. Implements Government policies designed to promote the
development of the dairy sector.
9.
Supports
various
dairy
development
activities such as
dairy
extension,
breeding research,
training,
product
development and
general
market
promotion

Act as arbitrator in any conflict between dairy companies
and processors, among others.
WHAT WE DO
 Register individuals / companies involved in milk collection,
transportation, marketing, processing, export, import,
dairy input and equipment dealers
 Support dairy farmers with in-puts at subsidized prices
(30%)
 Conduct promotion and awareness campaigns.
 Developed the National Dairy Strategy 2011-2015 to
guide the industry.
 The rehabilitation of the Dairy Training School in Entebbe
for capacity building purposes and value addition is
ongoing.
 Monitoring the quality and safety of milk and milk
products to ensure consumer safety.
 Rehabilitated and equipped Serere, Kabermaido and
Busia milk collection centres.
 Four (4) new regional offices were established in Mbarara
for the South-western region, Soroti and Malaba/Busia for
the Eastern region and Entebbe airport for import and
export monitoring.
STATUS OF THE DAIRY SUB SECTOR
Milk Production
Annual milk production stands at 1.86bn litres in 2013. About
70% of the produced milk is marketed and 30% consumed at
household level. The value of the marketed milk is estimated at
US $ 500.8 million. Thirty three (33%) of the marketed milk is
processed whereas sixty seven (67%) is marketed raw.
Milk collection and transportation
The rural Milk Collection Centres (MCCs) are 354 with total
chilling capacity of 1,554,454 litres by mid-2014.
Raw milk is now transported in insulated milk road tankers from
the collection centres to processing plants and urban milk retail
outlets. Currently there are 214 certified milk road tankers.
Milk Marketing and Processing
The milk processing plants have grown from 31 in 2012 to 53
in 2013 with an installed capacity of 1,304,330 litres and an
average utilization capacity of 37%. They produce various
dairy products which include; pasteurized milk, UHT milk,
cream, butter, ghee, milk powder, yoghurt, ice-cream and
cheese.
Dairy Exports
The value of exports is estimated at USD $ 26.6 million dollars
(2013).
INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES
Opportunities exist in raising dairy breeding stock, Milk
collection and transportation, dairy processing and Supply of
dairy equipment
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Artificial Insemination technicians trained and equipped
Contact us: Dairy Development Authority Plot 1 Kafu Road, Nakasero P.O Box 34006 Kampala Tel: +256 414-343901/414343903Fax: +256 414-250270 Email: [email protected] Website: www.dda.or.ug
Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”
32
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Theme: “The Veterinary Profession for Socio-Economic Transformation and Wealth Creation”