Download Notes - The Cell Cycle Outline

The Cell Cycle
Synopsis:
1) Extra organelles are made and DNA is copied.
2) Equal amounts of organelles and a copy of each DNA is passed two either
side of the cell.
3) The cell splits. Voila! Two identical cells!!!
Interphase
1) The cell grows
2) Extra organelles are made (ribosomes, mitochondria, chloroplasts in
plant cells)
3) DNA is copied
4) Centriole is copied
Mitosis
Prophase:
1) chromatin (genetic material: DNA molecules) bundle up to form
chromosomes.
2) Centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell
3) Spindle fibers form a bridge from centriole to centriole
4) The nuclear envelope breaks down
5) 2 identical chromatids (bundles of DNA molecules) attach to each
other with a centromere.
The Cell Cycle
Metaphase
1) The chromosomes line up across the center of the cell.
2) Each chromosome attaches to a spindle fiber at its centromere.
Anaphase
1) The centromeres split.
2) The 2 chromatids separate.
3) One identical chromatid is pulled to one side of the cell by the spindle
fiber (the centriole reels in the spindle fiber attached to the
chromatid like a fisherman reeling in a fish!)
4) The cell stretches out
Telophase
1) The chromosomes begin to unravel into chromatin and lose their rodlike appearance.
2) A new nuclear envelope forms around the chromosomes.
The Cell Cycle
Cytokinesis
1) The cell membrane pinches around the middle of the cell.
2) The cell splits in two.
3) Voila!!! Two daughter cells with identical DNA and equal numbers of
organelles.