Download FINDING WHAT ACTIVITIES MAKE HEART RATE

FINDING WHAT ACTIVITIES MAKE HEART RATE GO UP THE MOST
Maggie Meymandi
Cary Academy
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this experiment was to see out of five activities, which activity
would increase heart rate the most. The five activities were push-ups, siting, fast
walking, sit-ups, and jump rope. It was hypothesized that fast walking would increase
heart rate the most, and that siting would increase heart rate the least. Each participant
heart rate was taken before and after the experiment so that the percent increase could
be found. Five females and five males were tested. Each participant did the activity they
were assigned for the specific allotment of time. After, the grabbed the nun chucks and
stood in front of the sensor, their heart rate was taken. For the females, jump roping
increased heart rate the most, and siting increased heart rate the least. For the males,
jump rope increased heart rate the most, and siting increased heart rate the least. The
results for greatest and last were the same, except for the percent of increase. In the
second experiment, the activity that made the temperature of the males hand go up the
most was fast walking; the activity that made the temperature go up the least was situps. The activity that made the females hand temperature go up the most was sit-ups
and the activity that made it go up the least was siting.
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this experiment was to see how heart rate changes with different
activities consisting jump roping, siting, standing, jumping jacks, and push- ups. It was
observed that the average heart rate of an 11-12 year old boy standing is about 92 bpm
or beats per minute. It was also observed that the average heart rate of an 11-12 year
old girl standing is about 108 bpm. Also when the heart is listened to, normally there are
two sounds right after each other. The first heart sound is caused by the acceleration
and deceleration of blood and a vibration of the heart at the time of the closure of the
tricuspid and mitral valves. The second heart sound is caused by the same acceleration
and deceleration of blood and vibrations at the time of closure of the pulmonic and
aortic valves.
When the heart beats, it pumps blood out of it into the body. The heart pulls apart
in two stages. In the first stage, the right and left atria pull apart at the same time,
pumping blood to the right and left ventricles. Then the ventricles come together to push
blood out of the heart. Then the heart relaxes before the next heartbeat. This allows
blood to fill up the heart again. The right and left side of the heart have different
functions. The right side pulls in oxygen-poor blood and pushes it into the lungs where
is picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. The left side of the heart collects the
oxygen rich blood and from the lungs and pumps it into the body then causing for
someone to have the oxygen needed to function properly. Male and female hearts are
different sizes, a female heart weights about 9 pounces and a males heart is about 10.5
ounces.
Many things can change the heart rate such as emotions, body changes, the
environment, genetics, fitness, and diseases or sickness. For example, the environment
could make someone scared or happy and the heart rate could go up or down. Also if
someone has a disease or sickness then the heart rate could go up or down because
someone might not get enough of air intake needed for the body to function properly.
Some of the most efficient exercises are very simple things. Some of those are walking,
interval training, squats, lunges, push-ups, abdomen crunches, and bent-over row.
These are the most efficient because they build muscle and lose weight at the same
time. For example, crunches help the balance of the body and help build muscles in the
abdomen; it helps lose weight because it takes the fat and turns it into muscle. When
exercising it brings the heart rate up because one is gasping for air so the heart beats
faster. Male and female hearts are different sizes, a female heart weights about 9
pounces and a males heart is about 10.5 ounces.
Based on the information found, it was hypothesized that out of the 5 activities
tested (push-ups, jump rope, sit-ups, siting, and fast walking), that fast walking would
make the heart rate go up the most and sitting would make it increase the least. This
was hypothesized because walking takes a lot of energy and based off of the
information found; walking seems to take the most energy out of the body, then forth
causing heart rate to go up. Also because when sitting, normally someone is relaxed
which could decrease heart rate.
MATERIALS & METHOD
 Heart Rate Probe
 5 Females
 5 Males
 Jump Rope
 Tablet Computer
 Camera
 Stopwatch
 Chair
 Temperature Probe
Each person was assigned an activity based on their interest. Those activities were
push- ups for 20 seconds, jump roping for 30 seconds, sit-ups for 20 seconds, siting for
20 seconds, and walking in place for 30 seconds. One at a time, they did their activity
and their heart rate was recorded after their activity. This was done for each person
separately. Their heart rate was found by using a heart rate probe and was measured in
bpm or beats per minute. This activity was done in a school environment. The data was
compared in percent of change. The independent variable of this experiment was the
type of activity each person was doing, and the dependent variable was the heart rate of
each person after the activity had taken place. The control was the heart rate taken
before the activity.
As a follow- up experiment, the temperature of each person’s hand using a
temperature probe before the same activity assigned in the first experiment. Then they
did the activity they were assigned in the first experiment and the temperature of their
hand was taken after the activity. The control of this experiment was their temperature
of their hand before the activity. The dependent variable was their temperature after the
activity and the independent variable was the type of activity each person was doing.
RESULTS & DISCUSSION
Out of 5 different activities, jump roping increased both the males and females
heart rate the most. For the female, it increased the heart rate 61.1%, and for the male it
increased the heart rate 48.8%. The activity increasing the heart rate the second most
for both males and females was sit- ups. For the female, it increased 40.2%, and 12.4%
for the males. The activity increasing the heart rate the third most out of all 5 activities
was push-ups for the male, and fast walking for the female. When the male did pushups the heart rate increased 8.5%. When the female fast walked, the heart rate
increased 16%. The activity that increased the second to last most for the male was fast
walking, and for the female it was push-ups. When the male fast walked, the percent
increase was 3.4%.When the female did push-ups; the percent increase of the heart
rate was 3.5%. The activity that increased both male and female heart rate the least
was siting. When they were sitting their heart rate actually decreased or increased
negatively. The percent increase of the male was -16.7% and the percent increase of
the female was -9.6%. It cannot be determined whether the males’ or females’ heart
rate or the males’ heart rate increased the most because of the fact that sometimes
females’ heart rate was higher than the males and sometimes the males’ heart rate was
higher than the females.
Participant
Activity
Heart Rate Before (bpm)
Heart Rate After (bpm)
Percent Increase
Female 1
Jump Rope
112
181
61.1%
Female 2
Sit-ups
82
115
40.2%
Female 3
Push-ups
115
119
3.5%
Female 4
Siting
104
94
-9.6%
Female 5
Fast Walking
100
116
16%
Male 1
Siting
96
80
-16.7%
Male 2
Sit-ups
89
100
12.4%
Male 3
Jump Rope
86
128
48.8%
Male 4
Push-ups
106
115
8.5%
Male 5
Fast Walking
87
90
3.4%
Figure 1: Results and Percent Increase of Experiment
Heart Rate (bpm)
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Heart Rate
Before
Heart Rate
After
Participant
Figure 2: Graph of Which Activity Increases Heart Rate the Most
After jump roping, sit-ups and push-ups, it was observed that the participants were
breathing heavily. When the participants were siting, it was observed that they were
relaxing and slouching. Also it was observed that after the participants fast walked, they
were breathing semi-heavily.
In the second experiment, interesting results were found. The activity that
increased the temperature of the females hand the most was sit- ups with an increase
of 3.1%. The activity that changed it the second most for the female was fast walking
with a 0.9% increase. The activity that increased the temperature the third most of the
females hand was push-ups with a 0.4% increase. Fourth was jump rope with a -1.7%,
and lastly, the activity increasing the temperature the least of the females was sitting
with a -5.2% increase.
The results for the males were quite different. The activity increasing the
temperature of their hand the most was fast walking with an 11.1% increase. The
activity that increased the temperature the second most was sitting with a 4% increase.
Third was jump rope with a 2.3% increase. Fourth was push-ups with a -4.3% increase,
and lastly was sit-ups with a -4.8% increase.
Participant
Activity
Temperature Before (C)
Temperature After (C)
Percent Increase
Female 1
Jump Rope
23.4
23.0
-1.7%
Female 2
Sit-ups
22.6
24.5
3.1%
Female 3
Push-ups
22.7
22.6
-0.4%
Female 4
Siting
24.1
22.9
-5.2%
Female 5
Fast Walking
23
23.2
0.9%
Male 1
Siting
22.4
23.3
4%
Male 2
Sit- ups
24
22.9
-4.8%
Male 3
Jump Rope
21.9
21.9
2.3%
Male 4
Push-ups
28.1
26.9
-4.3%
Male 5
Fast Walking
22.6
25.1
11.1%
Figure 3: Results and Percent Increase of Which Activity Makes Hand Temperature Increase the Most
30
Temperature (C)
25
20
Temperature
Before
15
Temperaure
After
10
5
0
Participant
Figure 4: Graph of Which Activity Makes Hand Temperature Increase the Most
These results were found to be quite different and the males and females
temperature of their hand after the activity were almost opposite. This may have been
because of the temperature of their hand to begin with or how much effort they put into
their activity. This also may have been because of different difficulty levels of the
different activities.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the results, the hypothesis was partially confirmed. It was hypothesized
that out of the 5 activities tested (push-ups, jump roping, crunches, siting, and walking),
that fast walking would make the heart rate go up the most and sitting would make it
increase the least. This was partially confirmed because fast walking did not increase
heart rate the most, but sitting made heart rate decrease the least. This may be
because a different activity took up more energy than fast walking. Experimental
improvements could be to have a steady time for each activity done. A future
experiment to be done after would be to test for overall body temperature, and not just
hand temperature.
REFRENCES
Carl Bianco. "How Your Heart Works." How Stuff Works. Discovery, 1 April 2000. Web.
12 January 2012.
Heart Monitors.com. "What Affects the Heart Rate?." Heart Monitors.
HeartMonitors.com, 15 December 2011. Web. 12 January 2012
Hurst, J. Willis M.D. and Stuart Hurst. The Heart: The Kids' Question and Answer Book.
New York: McGrawHill, 1999. Print.