Download 5-1 Rome and the Rise of Christianity

ROME AND
THE RISE OF
CHRISTIANITY
Chapter 5, pages 146 - 178
SECTION 1 – THE RISE OF ROME
-Italy –
750 miles long,
120 miles wide (FL
is 500 x 160);
Apennine Mts in
middle;
large, fertile plains;
Po River;
plain of Latium
How did geo impact Rome?
Apennines did NOT divide Rome as
Greece had been divided
Ample land for farming
Tiber: gave route to sea, but Rome could
be inland (away from pirates)
Hills made it easily defendable
Was a crossroads (Tiber could be forded)
• Italy was populated between 1500-1000
BC
– 1) LATINS, lived in Latium (middle) on
the hills of Rome; farmers
– 2) GREEKS, came 750-550 BC, S. Italy
& Sicily; great influence over Italy
– 3) ETRUSCANS, most influence in
Rome; controlled peninsula; gave
Rome the toga & military organization
509 BC – Romans overthrew Etruscans
and established a republic
• Roman Confederation allowed control of
Italy
– some people (Latins) had full
citizenship
– rest were allies (free, had to provide
soldiers to Rome)
• could become full citizens
• made them feel they had a stake in
their success
What made Rome successful?
• believed ancestors had a sense of duty,
courage, and discipline
• were GREAT diplomats
• excellent military (persistent, strategists)
• practical in law and politics (did not try
for “ideal” govt, responded as problems
arose)
ROMAN STATE
•2 consuls, served 1 year, ran govt & military
•1 praetor watched civil law (another was
added later to judge non-citizens)
•Patricians – landowners, voted, elect govt
officials
•Plebians – larger group, could also vote
•Senate – 300 patricians, served for life;
advisory, then law making
– Had several people’s assemblies, but
wealthy class always had majority vote
STRUGGLE OF THE ORDERS
•Patrician & plebians could not marry
•Council of plebs, created in 471
– Tribunes of the plebs officials given
power to protect plebs
– Eventually gained right to make law and
serve as consul
•287 BC, council of plebs allowed to pass laws
– male Roman citizens “equal” (ha – still
not a democracy!)
ROMAN LAW
•Twelve Tables (450 BC) – important because
they were WRITTEN; all knew rights and
responsibilities
•Law of Nations, considered universal, based
on reason
• Innocent till proven otherwise
• Accused defended themselves before a
judge
Punic Wars (264 BC –
146 BC)
-Carthage, city state in
N. Africa, growing
power; was in Sicily
& made Rome
nervous
1st War – Rome sent
troops to Sicily; R
navy beat C navy &
won Sicily; C
vowed revenge
2nd War – Hannibal (C) takes 4600 troops
& 37 elephants to Rome
- Hannibal defeated army, but did not have
ppl to attack major cities; Rome sailed to
& attacked Carthage; H came home, lost
- 202 BC - Rome is THE power in the Med.
3rd War (146) – Rome went back and
completely destroyed city, enslaved
ppl; became masters of the Med.
By 129 BC, Rome had all of Greece,
Macedonia, and Pergamum
WORKS CITED
- World History book
- http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/italy.html
- http://historywarsweapons.com/first-punic-war/
-http://www.thenagain.info/webchron/mediterranean/2ndPunic.html
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punic_Wars
- http://www.xtimeline.com/evt/view.aspx?id=36994
- http://pages.uoregon.edu/klio/rr/13-Important%20Events.htm