Download 5 Themes of Geography

DEFINITION OF GEOGRAPHY
ge·og·ra·phy
1 : a science that deals with the
description, distribution, and interaction
of the diverse physical, biological, and
cultural features of the earth's surface
In Plain English:
Geography is the study of the earth and
everything on it.
WHERE DID THE 5 THEMES COME FROM?
The 5 Themes of Geography
originated by the National
Geographic Society to fulfill a
need for geographers (people
who study the earth and
everything on it) categorize
Humaneverything
they
learn.
Location
Place
Region
Movement
Environment
Interaction
LOCATION – ABSOLUTE
WHERE IS IT????
Absolute Location –describes an exact place on
earth. It requires latitude and longitude
coordinates.
-It can give you a global location (using latitude
and longitude) or a local location (street
address).
-longitude, latitude, continent, hemispheres,
continent, country, or state
Example: Springs School
Address – 48 School Street
East Hampton NY 11937
LOCATION – RELATIVE LOCATION WHAT IS AROUND YOU?
Relative Location: describes the
position of a place in relation to
another place.
-The position can be described
using landmarks, directions, time or
distance from one place to another
What countries are neighbors of the
country?
Example: Canada is north of
America
Example: giving directions to your
house
Continent – one of the seven
large land masses in the world
ITEMS YOU NEED TO KNOW TO FIND A LOCATION
Prime Meridian – An imaginary
line of longitude running from
the north pole to the south pole.
It divides the globe into eastern
and western hemispheres
Hemisphere –
One of the two
shapes made by
cutting a sphere
in half
Look at p. 10. Label if the
cities/countries are in the eastern
or western Hemisphere
Latitude: Runs
East to West but
measures North
and South of the
equator
(horizontal)
CAN I FIND YOU?
Put your finger
on 30 degrees
north latitude.
Where are you?
ARE YOU IN. . .
YOU NEED TO ADD LONGITUDE
Longitude: Runs North
and South but runs
East and West of
prime meridian
(vertical)
Where are you if you are
on 30 degrees north
latitude and 120 east
longitude?
YOU NEED TO PUT LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE
TOGETHER. . .
Where are you if you
are on 30 degrees
north latitude and
60 east longitude?
NOW LET’S PUT LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE
TOGETHER. . .
Where are you if
you are on 30
degrees north
latitude
135 degrees west
longitude?
LABEL: PRIME MERIDIAN AND EQUATOR
PLACE
NATURAL AND HUMAN FEATURES THAT MAKE ONE PLACE DIFFERENT FROM EVERY OTHER
- Landforms, climate, plants, animals,
people, language, or culture
Describe the place (size, shape).
What is the climate (temperature, rainfall)?
What kinds of physical features are there
(mountains, rivers, deserts)?
Describe the people who live there
(nationalities, traditions, etc.)
Human Features: culture, food, religion,
clothing, ethnicity, customs
HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PEOPLE AND THE ENVIRONMENT
- Effects how people live, work, travel,
dress, and communicate
How do people use the land (farming,
herding, mining, industry)?
How have people changed the land?
Where do most people live (near a
river or coastline, in the
mountains)?
Why do you think people settled there
(water, safety, food, natural
beauty)?
HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS
Environment – everything that surrounds us
-- Climate
-- Air we breath
-- Water we drink
Natural resources – Items a country
posses that help it function
-Oil
-Water
-Forests
-Minerals
Conserve/Conservation – to
save or to preserve something
such as fuel, natural resources
(trees/water)
LISTEN THE BOOK: THE LORAX
Listen for
examples of
Human
Environment
Interaction
MOVEMENT
“HOW DO PEOPLE, GOODS, AND IDEA MOVE FROM PLACE TO PLACE?”
- What happens in one place affects what
happened in another
How will you travel to the place (route, drive,
fly, walk)?
Does the country export goods to other
places? If so, what and where?
Does the country import goods from other
places? If so, what and from where?
Why would people leave or move to the
country (jobs, family, climate, war)?
MOVEMENT 2.0
REGIONS
AN AREA OF LAND AND DESCRIBED BY THE FEATURES THAT MAKE IT UNIQUE
-Share at least one common feature
--Country, state, cities, political
regions
-What are the political divisions of the
country (states, provinces, republics)?
-How is the country similar to any of its
neighbors (traditions, language,
climate)?
-What language(s) do people speak?
REGIONS
Physical Characteristics
The features of a place that
Climate – The weather
help us recognize and describe
conditions of an area,
including winds, temperature, it. They may include mountains,
valleys, plains, forests, deserts,
and precipitation
or bodies of water
HOW DO I READ A MAP?
-Locate and read the
title
Locate and read the key
-Identify the symbols
-Make sure you are
“going” in the right
direction
-Find the compass
rose and read it
clockwise
-Remember Never Eat
Sour Watermelons
TYPES OF MAPS
Political Maps--Show man made
features such as
boundaries,
cities, capitals
TYPES OF MAPS
Physical Maps
Shows elevation
and physical
features such as
mountains, lakes,
and rivers
TYPES OF MAPS
Climate Maps:
gives general
information about
the climate &
precipitation of
region.
TYPES OF MAPS
Linguistic/language
Map:
Shows the geographic
distribution
of a language, or a
dialect.
TYPES OF MAPS
Road Map:
A map,
especially one
for motorists,
showing and
designating the
roads of a
region.
WHAT MAP SHOULD I USE?????
Which map would you use if I:
Want to find out the height of a certain mountain?
Wanted to move to a place that had mild winters, what kind of map would
help you to decide?
Want to figure out which state has the hottest summers, Arizona or North
Carolina?
Wanted to figure out which states made up the New England colonies?
Wanted to figure out which map would help you find the land height above
sea level of a certain area?
Wanted to plan a hiking trip, which map do I want to use?
Wanted to make sure I can communicate with the native people, which
map do I use?
Wanted to locate the boundaries and capital city of Michigan?
Wanted to figure out which interstate highway runs north and south
through Mississippi?