Download 1 Human Anatomy Unit 9 – Chapter 12 and 14 – Circulatory and

Human Anatomy
Unit 9 – Chapter 12 and 14 – Circulatory and Respiratory Systems
Name ______________________________ P.__ Date__________
Turn your stamp sheet in by day of test or one day after for chance at full credit. After that, max points =
half credit. GET ANY INCOMPLETE WORK COMPLETED!!! Late work = 2pts if complete.
ASSIGNMENT
DATE TO BE
COMPLETED
POINTS EARNED
1) Worksheet 6-12 The Blood Vessels
4
2
0
2) Worksheet 6-13 Microscopic
Observations of Artery and Vein
4
2
0
3) “This is the Path to Your Heart”
4
2
0
4) Label heart anatomy and review
questions 3 pages
4
2
0
5) Worksheet 6-4 and 6-5 Internal and
External heart anatomy – 2 pages
6)
7) PowerPoint Notes – Coronary
circulation and heart attacks
4
2
0
4
2
0
8) Diet and Exercise word scramble
4
2
0
9) Conduction System of the Heart,
Pressure Chapter 12.2
4
2
0
10) Heimlich Maneuver
4
2
0
11) 6-10 Power Station of the Heart
(teacher gives)
4
2
0
12) Human respiratory system and
crossword (teacher gives)
4
2
0
13) 8-1 Anatomy of Respiratory System
(teacher gives)
4
2
0
14) Chap 1 2 and 14 Fill in review (teacher
gives)
4
2
0
15) Keep this in Mind – respond
to #’d questions
8
4
0
16) Printing Out Packet on time
4
2
0
1
Name
Period
This is the Path to Your Heart!
1. List the 5 vessels in the order through which blood flows through them (fig 12.11)
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. How many layers are there to blood vessels? Name them and describe what makes them up. (fig 12.10)
3. How does blood pressure change specifically as it goes away from the heart to the capillaries? (fig 12.13)
4. The graph below is divided into sections. Label the sections before and after the capillaries.) (fig 12.13)
fill in the
other vessel
names on
the graph!!
5. Notice that the blood
no longer pulses as it goes through the capillaries. Give some possible reasons for this.
6. Name some ways that arteries are different from veins. (address which goes to heart or away, which is more
muscular, and which has a larger internal diameter) (page 234+)
7. Veins possess a unique system for returning blood to the heart. What are its parts? Why is it needed? How
does it work? (page 234+)
8. What happens at the capillary-tissue interface? ____________________________________________
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Heart Anatomy Glossary
The heart is a fist-sized, muscular organ that pumps blood through the body. Oxygen-poor
blood enters the right atrium of the heart (via veins called the inferior vena cava and the
superior vena cava). The blood is then pumped into the right ventricle and then through the
pulmonary artery to the lungs, where the blood is enriched with oxygen (and loses carbon
dioxide). The oxygen-rich (oxygenated) blood is then carried back to the left atrium of the
heart via the pulmonary vein. The blood is then pumped to the left ventricle, then the blood
pumped through the aorta and to the rest of the body. This cycle is then repeated. Every
day, the heart pumps about 2,000 gallons (7,600 liters) of blood, beating about 100,000
times.
is
aorta - the biggest and longest artery (a blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart) in the body. It carries
oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle of the heart to the body.
inferior vena cava - a large vein (a blood vessel carrying blood to the heart) that carries oxygen-poor blood to
the right atrium from the lower half of the body.
left atrium - the left upper chamber of the heart. It receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs via the
pulmonary vein.
left ventricle - the left lower chamber of the heart. It pumps the blood through the aortic valve into the aorta.
bicuspid valve - the valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle. It prevents the back-flow of blood from
the ventricle to the atrium.
pulmonary artery - the blood vessel that carries oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the
lungs.
pulmonary valve - the flaps between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. When the ventricle contracts,
the valve opens, causing blood to rush into the pulmonary artery. When the ventricle relaxes, the valves close,
preventing the back-flow of blood from the pulmonary artery to the right atrium.
pulmonary vein - the blood vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.
right atrium - the right upper chamber of the heart. It receives oxygen-poor blood from the body through the
inferior vena cava and the superior vena cava.
right ventricle - the right lower chamber of the heart. It pumps the blood into the pulmonary artery.
septum - the muscular wall that separates the left and right sides of the heart.
superior vena cava - a large vein that carries oxygen-poor blood to the right atrium from the upper parts of the
body.
tricuspid valve - the flaps between the right atrium and the right ventricle. It is composed of three leaf-like
parts and prevents the back-flow of blood from the ventricle to the atrium.
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Label Heart Interior Anatomy Diagram
Note: On the diagram, the right side of the heart appears on the left side of the picture (and vice versa)
because you are looking at the heart from the front.
4
Heart Anatomy Review Questions
Name ___________________________________P.___ Date____________
Use your heart diagram and heart anatomy glossary to complete these review questions.
1) __________________ (a type of vessel) carry blood back to the heart whereas
______________ (a type of vessel) carry blood away from the heart.
2) Usually blood in the veins is low in oxygen, but which vein carries blood that is oxygen
rich? _____________________________ and why? _____________________________
3) The __________________________________ and the ___________________________
are the two top chambers of the heart that receive blood.
4) What is the septum? _________________________________________ And why would
a person who has a hole in their septum feel more lethargic (tired)?
________________________________________________________________________
5) Why are ventricles very muscular? ___________________________________________
6) Why is the superior vena cava named that? (what’s its job?)________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
7) Which chamber receives blood from the body? ________________________________
8) Which chamber receives blood from the lungs? ________________________________
9) What does “pulmonary” mean? (hint: it refers to an organ) _______________________
10)
How many times does the average heart beat in a day? ______________________
11) What is the purpose of the valves? ______________________________________
12) Which valve helps to prevent blood from flowing back into the right ventricle into the
right atrium? _____________________________________
13) Write these out in the order that blood flows through them – right atrium, left atrium,
aorta, vena cava , pulmonary artery, left ventricle, right ventricle ,pulmonary vein,
bicuspid valve, to the body, tricuspid valve, lungs, aortic valve, and pulmonary valve.
From the body 
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PowerPoint Notes on
CORONARY CIRCULATION AND HEART ATTACKS
Slide 3 - ____________________________ supply blood and oxygen to the heart
muscle.
Slide 4 – _____ coronary arteries branch from the main
_________ just above the aortic ______________. They
branch into a lacy network of capillaries. They carry about
___________ gallons of blood to the heart muscle
_________.
Slide 5 - ____________________________ (CVD) includes
__________ blood pressure, coronary ___________ disease, ____________ and
_____________ _______________.
Slide 6 – In 2004 ____ out of every 2.8 deaths was due to cardiovascular disease.
Slide 7 – CVD is the #___ killer in the U.S. (except in 1918 – why? _______________)
Is it true that CVD is only a disease of the elderly? ______ Why? _________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Slide 8 - Describe what atherosclerosis is and what causes it (use cholesterol and
plaque in your answer)___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
What can atherosclerosis cause? (give both names) __________________________
Slide 9 – Sketch a normal artery and a diseased artery below.
Slide 11 – Why is atherosclerosis a major problem when it occurs in the heart?
____________________________________________________________________
Slide 13 – The main causes of atherosclerosis are ___________________________,
____________________________, smoking, __________________ and lack of
physical activity.
Slide 15 – List the tests that can be done to screen and diagnose CHD and indicate
what each tests for.
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___________________________ -______________________________
___________________________ -______________________________
___________________________ -______________________________
Slide 17 - Mild to moderate CHD may be treated with _________________ changes
or _________________.
Severe CHD may require _____________________ or surgery.
Slide 19 – Briefly explain angioplasty – what it is and why it works. _______________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Slide 20 – Briefly explain stenting – what it is and why it works. _______________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Slide 21 – Briefly explain bypass surgery – what it is and why it
works. __________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Slide 22 – List 4 things that YOU need to do to prevent heart disease.
*
*
*
11
Diet and Exercise: Healthy Balance for a Healthy Heart
How does what I eat affect my heart?
The food you eat can affect the way blood flows through your heart and arteries. A diet high in fat and
cholesterol can gradually cause a buildup (called "plaque") in your arteries that slows down the blood flow and
even block small arteries. If the blockage happens in an artery that carries blood to the heart muscle, the heart
muscle can die. That's a heart attack. If the blockage happens in an artery that carries blood to the brain, part of
the brain can die. That's a stroke (also called a brain attack). The right diet helps keep your arteries clear and
reduces the risk of heart problems and stroke. Keeping your heart healthy by watching what you eat isn't as hard
as it sounds!
Tips for a heart-healthy diet
 Eat less fat (especially butter, coconut and palm oil, saturated or hydrogenated (trans)
vegetable fats, animal fats in meats, fats in dairy products).
 Buy lean cuts of meat; reduce portion size to 3 ounces (the size of a pack of cards).
 Eat more fish, skinless chicken and turkey.
 Try low-fat snacks (baked chips instead of fried).
 Drink skim milk and buy low-fat cheese, yogurt and margarine.
 Buy sherbet, ice milk or frozen low-fat yogurt instead of ice cream.
 Eat no more than 4 egg yolks a week (use egg whites or egg substitutes).
 Bake, broil, steam or grill foods instead of frying them.
 Eat fewer "fast foods" (burgers, fried foods), which are high in fat.
 Eat more fruits, vegetables and carbohydrates (rice, pasta, breads, grains).
Why is exercise good for my heart?
Exercise makes your heart stronger, helping it pump more blood with each heartbeat. The blood then delivers
more oxygen to your body. Exercise can also lower blood pressure, reduce your risk of heart disease and reduce
levels of LDL ("bad" cholesterol), which clogs the arteries and can cause a heart attack. At the same time,
exercise can raise levels of HDL ("good" cholesterol), which helps protect against heart disease.
Exercise is the best way to lose weight. Burning calories and working off the fat will help you look and feel
better. Regular exercise helps you burn calories faster, even when you're sitting still.
What's the best type of exercise for my heart?
Aerobic exercise causes you to breathe more deeply and makes your heart work harder to pump blood. Aerobic
exercise also raises your heart rate (which also burns calories). Examples of aerobic exercise include walking,
jogging, running, swimming and bicycling.
How much exercise do I need?
You should slowly work up to 30 minutes, 4 to 6 times a week. Your doctor may make a different
recommendation based on your health. For example, if you haven't exercised for a while it may be best to start
with a couple of minutes of exercise and work up to a half hour. One sign that you may be overdoing it is if you
can't carry on a conversation while you exercise. It is best to alternate exercise days with rest days to prevent
injuries.
How will I fit exercise into my busy schedule?
There are lots of ways to raise your heart rate during your regular day. Take the stairs instead of the elevator.
Walk during a coffee break or lunch. Walk to work or park at the end of the parking lot so you have to walk
farther. Walk more briskly. Do housework at a quicker pace and more often (like vacuuming every day). Rake
leaves, push the lawn mower or do other yard work.
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Name ________________________
Diet and Exercise - Word Scramble
Please unscramble the words below – Use diet and exercise reading to help
1. beoicar = _________________ This is the best type of exercise for your heart.
2. terlatean = _________________ To prevent injuries you should do this with your exercise days and rest days
3. bekad = _________________ The type of chip that is better to eat than fried.
4. ylskbri = _________________ Walking this way will exercise your heart.
5. esrurgb = _________________ Avoid eating a lot of this fast food.
6. oeiclras = _________________ Exercise will help you to burn these and lose weight.
7. yasteoracbdrh = _________________ Eat more vegetables and these.
8. drcsa = _________________ An appropriate portion of meat is about the size of a deck of these
9. kihccne = _________________ Instead of beef, eat more of this.
10. leesrotolch = _________________ Exercise will decrease levels of bad ______.
11. onocuct = _________________ Avoid foods made with this type of oil.
12. noacsinrtevo = _______________ You are not over exercising if you can still carry on one of these.
13. rseixcee = _________________ This can make your heart stronger.
14. iyfnrg = _________________ Instead of doing this to cook food by baking instead of this way.
15. khwseorou = _________________ Doing this at quicker pace will exercise your heart.
16. dhatyodeegnr = _________________ Avoid this type of “evil” fat.
17. vselea = _________________ Raking these can count as exercise.
18. tnmiues = _________________Try to exercise for 30 of these, 4-6 times per week.
19. quepla = _________________ This buildup in your arteries can block blood flow.
20. sruspeer = _________________ Exercise can reduce your blood __________.
21. esaisr = _________________ Exercise does this to your “good” cholesterol.
22. tnitsgi = _________________ Regular exercise will even allow you to burn calories while doing this.
23. arists = _________________ Don’t use the elevator, use these.
24. etskor = _________________ A “brain attack”
25. ingmiwsm = _________________ A type of aerobic exercise.
26. wkglina = _________________ Another type of aerobic exercise.
27. rgytou = _________________ Eating this, but the low-fat type, is good for you.
© www.TheTeachersCorner.net + SJ09
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© www.TheTeachersCorner.net
Conduction System of the Heart, ECG Notes, Pulse and Blood Pressure
Chapter 12.2 – page 230+
Name _________________________ P. __ Date_______
1. What kind of tissue is the heart made of?______________________________
2. What is the conduction system of the heart? _______________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. Why is the conduction system said to be intrinsic? ____________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
4. Without this conduction system the atria and the ventricles would ________________
____________________________________________________________________
5. Label the SA node and the AV node in the diagram.
6. What type of tissue is in these nodes and why is it special?
____________________________________________
7. The SA node initiates the ________________ by sending an
___________________ to the ________, causing them to
contract. Then the impulse travels to the _____ node which
sends an impulse out that causes the ________________ to
contract.
8. Why is the SA node considered the pacemaker? ______________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
9. What happens if the SA node fails? _______________________________________
10. What can be implanted if the SA node fails? ________________________________
11. What is an ectopic pacemaker and what can stimulate it? ______________________
____________________________________________________________________
12. What is an electrocardiogram? ___________________________________________
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13. Match up the portion of the ECG at the right with what is going on in the heart.
a. The ventricles are relaxing _________
b. The ventricles are contracting _______
c. The atria are contracting ________
13. Why doesn’t the relaxation of the atria show up in the graph?
_________________________________________________________
a
c
b
a
14. Why is the graph higher when the ventricles contract than when the atria contract?
_____________________________________________________________________
15. ECG records are used to detect _____________________, which are _____________
or __________________ heartbeats.
16. Here is a normal ECG.
Now sketch a ECG showing
Tachycardia
Sketch an ECG showing
Bradycardia
Sketch an ECG showing
Fibrillation.
Page 238
17. What creates your pulse? _______________________________________________
And what is an average resting pulse rate? ______
18. Why can taking your pulse tell you your heart rate? _____________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
19. What is a sphygmomanometer? ___________________________________________
20. The top number, the ____________ pressure is the pressure in the ______________
when the _______________________ contracts.
21. The bottom number, the ____________ pressure is the pressure in the ______________
when the _______________________ relaxes.
Average normal pressure = ________ out of ______
22. What is hypertension and what can it cause?
15
How to do the Heimlich Maneuver: Cloze Activity
Fill in the missing words from the word list below – use grammar and context clues for hints
The Heimlich Maneuver for CHOKING
choking victim can't _____________ or breathe and needs your help
immediately. Follow these steps to help a choking victim:
1. From behind, wrap your _____________ around the victim's
waist.
2. Make a fist and place the thumb side of your fist against the
victim's upper abdomen, below the ribcage and above the
_____________
3. Grasp your fist with your other hand and press into their upper
abdomen with a quick _____________ thrust. Do not squeeze the
ribcage; confine the force of the thrust to your hands.
4. Repeat until object is _________________.
UNCONSCIOUS VICTIM, OR WHEN RESCUER CAN'T REACH AROUND
VICTIM:
Arms
Back
Chair
CPR
Expelled
Fingers
Hips
Lap
Lean
Navel
Physician
Speak
Thrust
Upward
Weight
A
Place the victim on back.. Facing the victim, kneel astride the victim's ________. With one of
your hands on top of the other, place the heel of your bottom hand on the upper abdomen below
the rib cage and above the navel. Use your body _____________ to press into the victim's upper
abdomen with a quick upward thrust. Repeat until object is expelled. If the victim has not
recovered, proceed with _____________.
The Victim should see a physician immediately after rescue.
Don't slap the victim's _____________. (This could make matters worse.)
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The Heimlich Maneuver for CHOKING INFANTS
A
choking victim can't speak or breathe and needs your help
immediately.
Follow these steps to help a choking infant:
Lay the child down, face up, on a firm surface and kneel or stand at the
victim's feet, or hold infant on your _____________ facing away from
you.
2. Place the middle and index _____________ of both your hands
below his rib cage and above his navel.
3. Press into the victim's upper abdomen with a quick upward thrust;
do not squeeze the rib cage. Be very gentle. Repeat until object is
expelled.
1.
If the Victim has not recovered, proceed with CPR. The Victim should
see a _____________ immediately after rescue.
Don't slap the victim's back. (This could make matters
worse.)
The Heimlich maneuver for CHOKING – self &
alone
When you choke, you can't speak or breathe and you need help immediately. Follow these steps
to save yourself from choking:
1. Make a fist and place the thumb side of your fist against your upper abdomen, below the
ribcage and above the navel.
2. Grasp your fist with your other hand and press into your upper abdomen with a quick
upward _____________.
3. Repeat until object is expelled.
Alternatively, you can _____________ over a
fixed horizontal object (table edge,
_____________, railing) and press your upper
abdomen against the edge to produce a quick
upward thrust. Repeat until object is expelled.
See a physician immediately after rescue.
17
!!!!Ticket to take test = You have written responses to each of these
numbered items below + stamped off (ATTENTION – THE MAKE-UP
TEST FOR THOSE OF YOU MISSING JUST THE TEST DAY WILL
BE AN ESSAY-FORM TEST)
Keep This in Mind Chapters 12 and 14
Know:
1) The four chambers of the heart, valves and direction of blood flow.
2) The major arteries and veins leaving and entering the heart and where they go/ come
from.
3) The names and functions of the four valves of the heart and what they do.
4) What each heart sound (lub-dub) corresponds to.
5) The parts of the ECG and what each signals in terms of the heart beat. What is
tachycardia, bradycardia and fibrillation.
6) How a heart attack occurs and how it can be avoided and treated.
7) The three types of blood vessels and the parts of each. How does blood move through
them.
8) How each blood vessel is specially adapted to deal with the pressure (or lack thereof) that
runs thru it.
9) Which blood vessel has thick muscular walls
10)
What pulse is and how a measure of our pulse indicates health levels and activity.
11)
What blood pressure is and how a measure of our blood pressure indicates health
levels and activity.
12)
The major parts of the respiratory system and their functions.
13)
The mechanism by which we inhale and exhale and what is happening in each
process.
14)
The Heimlich maneuver: when and why to use it and how it works.
15)
How smoking cripples our ability to respirate at a fundamental level.
16)
Where does CO2 we exhale originally come from?
17)
Pathway for air entering the human respiratory system
18)
Know how gases are transported in the body, at the alveolar level and tissue levels
19)
Why is advantageous for the trachea to have a cartilage rings?
20)
What are some reasons why smoking is an unhealthy lifestyle?
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