Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download ESci19 Ecology Lecture Slides
Document related concepts
Introduced species wikipedia , lookup
Pleistocene Park wikipedia , lookup
Island restoration wikipedia , lookup
Latitudinal gradients in species diversity wikipedia , lookup
Restoration ecology wikipedia , lookup
Theoretical ecology wikipedia , lookup
Reconciliation ecology wikipedia , lookup
Biodiversity action plan wikipedia , lookup
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project wikipedia , lookup
Habitat conservation wikipedia , lookup
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Ecology Abiotic components • Physical & chemical factors that influence living organisms • Abio&c -‐Nonliving component of the environment: – Sunlight – Temperature/Climate – Moisture – Nutrients (anything that sustains life -‐ Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, etc.) Biotic Components • Bio&c (living) component of the environment: – Producers (autotrophs) • Plants, phytoplankton, some bacteria, some proJsts – Consumers (heterotrophs) • Herbivores, carnivores, omnivores • Animals, zooplankton, some bacteria, some proJsts, fungi – Decomposers & DetriJvores • Fungi, bacteria (decomposers) • Earthworms, beetles (detriJvores) Consumers Producers Decomposers Species Biological Species Concept Two individuals are of the same species if they can interbreed and produce viable offspring Population Individuals of the same species that are found within close enough proximity to one another to have the potenJal to interbreed Habitat Place where a populaJon of a species (or an individual) is normally found – Examples include: – Canopy of a tropical forest – Upper layer of soil in grasslands – InterJdal zone Niche Role of an organism within a parJcular ecosystem – physical, chemical or biological condiJons a species needs to live & reproduce Community • Biological community includes all the populaJons of different species occupying a parJcular area • A complex interacJng network of bacteria, proJsts, fungi, plants, animals and all aboJc components Ecosystem • Ecosystems are generally a term reserved for larger areas than communiJes (tropical lowland forests of Central America or Coastal Redwoods of California) Types of Ecosystems Terrestrial ecosystems are called Biomes – Large regions characterized by disJnct climate and life forms (plants, animals & microorganisms) – Examples are: deserts, forests, grasslands Biomes Types of Ecosystems Aqua&c ecosystems are called Aqua&c Life Zones – Marine aquaJc life zones: estuaries, coastal areas, coral reefs, mangroves, deep oceans – Freshwater aquaJc life zones: inland wetlands, creeks, rivers, streams, lakes
