Download U.S Economic Imperialism

Bell Ringer
During the “Age of
Imperialism” what colonies
were awarded to America?
How did the United States
receive these colonies?
U.S. Economic
Imperialism
T r a n s f o r m a t i o n s
A r o u n d t h e G l o b e
S e c t i o n t h r e e
Lesson Essential
Question
LEQ:
How did the United States influence Latin America?
Objectives:
1. Explain how Latin America’s colonial legacy shaped it’s history.
2. Document how foreign powers influenced Latin American economies.
3. Trace effects of the Monroe Doctrine and the Roosevelt Corollary.
Setting the Stage
1800s: After Independence
Most Latin Americans worked
for large landowners who took
advantage of them (peonage)
Landowners grew wealthier and
bought up all the land
Unequal distribution of land
and inability to use it
effectively caused problems
Political Instability
Army leaders gained fame and
power during independence
Caudillos: military dictator
Nearly all countries of Latin
America were ruled by caudillos
Juan Vicente Gomez:
“All Venezuela is my cattle ranch”
Political Instability
Domingo Sarmiento:
reform-minded President of
Argentina (1868-1874)
Education: number of
students in school doubled
Caudillos usually seized
control from these reformers
Political Instability
Caudillos faced little opposition:
Wealthy landowners liked
keeping their power
Had little knowledge of
democracy under colonial rule
Political power was restricted to
property owners or those who
could read (upper & middle classes)
Objective #1
Explain how Latin America’s colonial legacy shaped its history.
Social & Economic Problems: The majority of Latin
Americans remained poor laborers while landowners
got wealthier. The unequal distribution and ineffective
use of land prevented Latin America to develop.
Politically: They gained little experience of democracy.
Latin America was controlled by caudillos who faced
little opposition. Most Latin Americans had no
political power due to no voice or voting rights.
Economies Grow under
Foreign Influence
Latin America was now free to
trade with foreign nations
Their economy depended on
exports. Technological
advances allowed these to grow
They imported all their
manufactured goods
Remained unindustrialized!
Critical Thinking
Checkpoint
Why couldn’t an
unindustrialized country
be a major world power?
Economic Colonialism
Latin America used little
income to modernize
Roads, Railroads,
Schools, Hospitals
Borrowed money to develop
export industry facilities
Most countries could not
pay forcing foreign nations
to control their industries
Objective #2
Document how foreign powers influenced
Latin American economies.
Latin America’s economy was based solely on
exports. They were unindustrialized and
depended on foreign manufactured goods.
Instead of modernizing, Latin America
developed their export facilities. They
borrowed money from foreign nations, went
into debt, and caused foreigners to take control
of their economic industries.
A Latin American Empire
The United States had strong
links to it’s Southern neighbor
Monroe Doctrine: U.S.
statement of opposition to
European influence in the
Americas
“The American continents...are
henceforth not to be considered
as subjects for future colonization
by any European powers.”
Cuba Declares
Independence
Cuba was one of Spain’s last
colonies
1868: Cuba declared
independence and fought
Spain for 10 years
Jose Marti: Cuban writer
who fought for Cuban
independence
Cuba Declares
Independence
Mid 1890s: United States had
economic stake in Cuba and
objected to Spain brutalities
Spanish-American War: war
fought between the United
States and Spain in 1898, in
which the Americans
supported the Cuban fight for
independence
The United States launched a
two front war and won
Cuba is Independent
1901: Cuba became an
“independent” nation
United States set up a
military government and
controlled Cuban affairs
Spain turned over Puerto
Rico, Guam, and the
Philippines to the U.S.
Connecting Oceans
Latin America considered the
United States as “Colossus of
the North”
1870: Transcontinental
Railroad connected coasts
Time consuming & difficult
Sea travel between coasts
involved a 13,000 mile trip
Canal would be faster!
Connecting the Oceans
Panama Canal Project:
United States had interests
since early 19th century
France tried but failed
Teddy Roosevelt offered
Columbia $10 million and a
yearly payment to build canal
Connecting Oceans
Columbia demanded more money!
Teddy responded by encouraging a
revolution in Panama
1903: With help from U.S. Navy,
Panama won independence
Big Thank You: Gave United
States 10 mile wide canal zone
Panama Canal
United States had a decade
long struggle
floods, heat, malaria, yellow
fever, and the bubonic plague
Panama Canal: Man-made
waterway connecting the
Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
Latin America became a
crossroads of world trade and
the U.S. controlled the tollgate
The Roosevelt
Corollary
The Panama Canal allowed
the United States to increase
it’s foothold in Latin America
Roosevelt Corollary:
Statement that the United
States had the right to
exercise “police power” in the
Western Hemisphere
This justified U.S. military
intervention in Latin America
Objective #3
Trace effects of the Monroe Doctrine and
the Roosevelt Corollary
Monroe Doctrine: discouraged European intervention
in North and South America
Roosevelt Corollary: extension of the Monroe Doctrine
authorizing U.S. intervention in the Western Hemisphere
These were used several times to justify U.S. intervention,
allowing U.S. troops to occupy some countries for decades.
U.S. ignored protests of powerless Latin Americans
Critical Thinking
Checkpoint
How as the principle of the
Roosevelt Corollary
different from that of the
Monroe Doctrine?
Summarizer
Complete the Re-Teaching
Worksheet with your Partner!
Reading & Research
Advanced Classes:
Read “Building the Panama
Canal” and complete
Research Option #2