Download UNIT 07 Practice Exam: Vitamins

Pierce College
Putman/NUTR& 101
UNIT 07 Practice Exam: Vitamins
1. Vitamins are
a. high in calories.
b. not essential in the diet.
c. needed in the diet in very small amounts only.
d. All the above!
2. Needed to maintain health of macula (eye) and for color vision; an important antioxidant that
inhibits damage to DNA.
a. Vitamin C
b. -carotene
c. Folic acid
d. Vitamin D
3. Which group has the highest rate of children with rickets because of vitamin D deficiency?
a. Irish-Americans
b. Norwegian-Americans
c. African-Americans and Hispanics
d. Japanese-Americans
4. Which is not true about rickets?
a. Prevented by breast feeding infants.
b. Seen most often in African-American children.
c. May occur if a child has enough calcium in her diet.
d. Not uncommon in vegan kids.
5. Which is not a general characteristic of vitamins?
a. Activate enzymes
b. May be consumed in large amounts to cure diseases such as cancer
c. Inhibit oxidation in other molecules
d. May be ingested as provitamins and converted as needed
6. Taking a long time for your vision to recover from a bright flash may suggest a deficiency of
a. Vitamin D
b. Vitamin C
c. Vitamin A
d. Vitamin B12
7. The upper limit of vitamin D, obtained only through supplements:
a. 500 IU
b. 1000 IU
c. 1500 IU
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d. 2000 IU
8. Which vitamin is water soluble?
a. Retinol
b. Thymin
c. Vitamin D
d. Vitamin K
9. Which is not a good source of vitamin E?
a. Almonds and sunflower seeds
b. Salmon and other fatty fish
c. Peanut butter
d. Canola and olive oil
10. All of the following are excellent sources of dietary vitamin K. Which is the best source?
a. 1 cup steamed spinach
b. 1 cup raw kale
c. 1 cup steamed broccoli
d. 1 cup Cheerios
11. Which is not a symptom of scurvy?
a. Loose teeth and bleeding gums
b. Wounds don’t heal well
c. Abnormal bone development
d. Anemia; red blotches on skin
12. Vitamin K deficiency is most often seen in
a. Vegans
b. Neonates
c. Alcoholics
d. Individuals with PEM
13. Vitamin C supplementation, over and above the DRI, has been shown to prevent/inhibit/cure
a. Some cancers and heart disease
b. The common cold
c. All the above
d. None of the above
14. Which vitamin is not stored in fat tissue?
a. Vitamin C
b. Vitamin K
c. Vitamin E
d. Vitamin A
15. Which is not made by gut bacteria?
a. Vitamin K
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b. Biotin
c. Riboflavin
d. Pantothenic acid
16. A very important vitamin to energy metabolism, a deficiency of which causes beriberi.
a. Pantothenic acid
b. Riboflavin
c. Niacin
d. Thiamin
17. A diet rich in whole grains (such as corn) but lacking complementary amino acids may
produce all of the following symptoms except for which?
a. Nausea, bright red or black tongue
b. Impaired collagen synthesis; weak teeth and bones
c. Impaired memory and cognitive function; confusion
d. Flaky skin
18. Causes blindness in ½ million kids per year through keratinization of the cornea.
a. Vitamin E deficiency
b. Vitamin A deficiency
c. Vitamin C deficiency
d. Niacin deficiency
19. Liver disease can cause a deficiency of this vitamin because bile is needed to absorb it.
a. Vitamin E
b. Vitamin C
c. Folate
d. Vitamin B6
20. Best sources of -carotene.
a. Fish, chicken, pork
b. Whole grains, legumes and dairy
c. Carrots, pumpkin, cantaloupe, broccoli, sweet potatoes
d. Liver, steak
21. A function of vitamin C.
a. Collagen synthesis
b. Helps to recharge vitamin E
c. Promotes iron and chromium absorption
d. All the above
22. Absorbed into and carried by the lymphatic system.
a. Vitamin D
b. Vitamin E
c. Vitamins K and A
d. All the above!
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23. Form of vitamin A necessary for vision; is used up when vision is being used, so must be
replaced by diet.
a. Thiamin
b. Retinal
c. Retinoic acid
d. Niacin
24. Which is not a characteristic of vitamin E?
a. Supplements above DRI reduce risk of stroke and various cancers
b. Inhibits heart disease
c. DRI levels inhibit oxidation of fatty acids and cholesterol
d. Inhibits inflammation and blood clotting
25. Taking high (toxic) levels of niacin over time may produce all of the following symptoms
except for which?
a. Red prickling of the skin
b. Sweating
c. Reduced blood sugar
d. Blindness
26. Found in fatty and oily foods.
a. Vitamins D, E, K and A
b. Folic acid
c. Vitamins B6 and B12
d. All the above!
27. Made by skin from cholesterol as stimulated by uv light.
a. Vitamin K
b. Niacin
c. Riboflavin
d. Vitamin D
28. Not a good dietary source of thiamin:
a. White rice
b. Baked sweet potato
c. Dry-roasted peanuts or macadamia nuts
d. Black beans; pork chops
29. Very dangerous to take high-level supplements of these vitamins:
a. Folic acid and riboflavin
b. Vitamins A and D
c. Vitamins C and thiamin
d. Biotin and pantothenic acid
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30. Toxic in high doses
a. Niacin
b. Vitamin B12
c. Biotin
d. Pantothenic acid
31. Deficiency of this vitamin can cause xerosis of the skin and linings of the digestive tract, as
well as blindness.
a. Vitamin C
b. Vitamin A
c. Niacin
d. Riboflavin
32. Vitamin E supplements decrease the risk of Alzheimer’s disease as well as increase cognitive
abilities.
a. True
b. False
33. Non-toxic form of vitamin A.
a. Retinoic acid
b. Pantothenic acid
c. -carotene
d. Retinol
34. Which is not a characteristic of dry beriberi?
a. Impaired memory and cognitive abilities
b. Impaired motor control and coordination; tingling in hands and feet
c. Can be cured simply by feeding whole foods such as whole grains to patients
d. Patients usually die of congestive heart failure
35. Stored in liver tissue
a. -carotene
b. Retinoic acid
c. Retinol
d. Retinal
36. Helps maintain normal homocysteine levels, thus inhibits heart disease and stroke.
a. Niacin
b. Thiamin
c. Vitamin C
d. Folate
37. You ingest too much of this non-toxic vitamin, you turn yellow!
a. Thiamin
b. -carotene
c. Pantothenic acid
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d. Vitamin E
38. Has highest amounts of active vitamin A per serving.
a. Hard cheese
b. Eggs
c. Liver
d. Carrots
39. Osteomalacia
a. Caused by vitamin D and/or calcium deficiency in adults.
b. Symptom: Bones hurt when stressed.
c. Can be prevented by getting enough outdoor exercise with a nutritious diet.
d. All the above!
40. Pregnant women, or women thinking becoming pregnant, should take prenatal vitamins
containing folic acid.
a. True
b. False
41. On sunny days, light-skinned people need about how much exposure to the sun for adequate
vitamin D synthesis?
a. 5 minutes
b. 15 minutes
c. 30 minutes
d. 1 hour
42. There are four forms of vitamin E, all interconvertable from -tocopherol.
a. True
b. False
43. Eating a bowl of Cheerios can help prevent spina bifida.
a. True
b. False
44. Too much of this toxic vitamin can cause blurred vision, headaches, nausea, weakened bones
and teeth, stunted growth, hair loss, and birth defects in babies.
a. Vitamin C
b. Vitamin A (retinol)
c. Folic acid
d. Pantothenic acid
45. The UL for folic acid is 400 mcg.
a. True
b. False
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46. Dark-skinned people may need up to 3 hours of sunlight exposure to synthesize enough of
this vitamin.
a. B12
b. B6
c. D
d. K
47. High folic acid supplementation may mask the effects of
a. Biotin
b. Pantothenic acid
c. Vitamin C
d. Vitamin B12
48. “Niacin flush” may be inhibited by taking
a. Aspirin about ½ hour before taking niacin
b. Folic acid at the same time as the niacin
c. Calcium at the same time as the niacin
d. B6 about ½ hour before taking niacin
49. Maintains blood calcium levels by stimulating calcium absorption from food and inhibiting
calcium loss from urine.
a. Vitamin C
b. Vitamin D
c. Biotin
d. Vitamin A
50. Low levels of niacin supplementation may lower the risk of mouth, throat and esophagus
cancer.
a. True
b. False
c. True, but only in women
51. Needed for normal development, especially of the spinal cord and nervous system, both in
adults and in embryos/fetuses.
a. Niacin
b. Folic acid
c. Riboflavin
d. Thiamin
52. Which is not true about riboflavin?
a. Easily destroyed by uv light, so should not store milk in glass bottles
b. Deficiency may produce a painful, purplish tongue; needed for normal light sensitivity of
eyes
c. Needed for normal immune system
d. Good dietary sources include nuts, eggs, legumes, meats and veggies!
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53. Niacin deficiency impairs your memory; niacin supplementation, over and above the DRI,
improves your memory.
a. True
b. False
54. Which is not true about vitamin D?
a. Needed for healthy bone growth and maintenance
b. Inhibits depression
c. Inhibits inflammation
d. Increases hypertension
55. Which is not true about folate?
a. Aspirin interferes with the absorption of folate from food.
b. Alcohol increases folate excretion from the body.
c. Cardiologists recommend heart patients avoid taking folic acid supplements.
d. Pregnant women, or women who may become pregnant, should take folate supplements.
56. Which vitamin is stored in your body for up to six years, so you don’t have to include it in
your daily diet?
a. B12
b. Niacin
c. Biotin
d. B6
57. Taking too many vitamin D supplements may result in which?
a. Increased urination and calcium deposits in arteries and the kidneys
b. Pain, chills and nausea
c. Too much calcium in the blood
d. All the above!
58. Which would not result from giving an infant too much vitamin K at birth?
a. Impaired blood clotting
b. Hemolysis of red blood cells
c. Jaundice
d. Brain damage
59. All of the following are good dietary sources of vitamin D. Which is the best (highest)?
a. 1 cup of fortified milk
b. 3 oz salmon
c. 3 oz tuna
d. 1 cup of fortified orange juice
60. Although bacteria make about half of our vitamin K, we do need to get the rest of our
vitamin K from food.
a. True
b. False
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61. Vitamin E supplements may reduce the risk of bladder cancer.
a. True
b. False
62. High levels of vitamin E supplementation inhibit the action of vitamin K, thus increasing the
risk of hemorrhagic stroke.
a. True
b. False
63. General symptoms of B vitamin deficiencies include all of the following except which?
a. Exhaustion; anemia; impaired thinking ability and memory
b. Impaired calcification of bones; weak, brittle bones
c. Inability to walk properly; loss of motor control
d. Cracking skin and rashes
64. Vitamin E deficiency is common among Americans.
a. True
b. False
65. Vitamin K deficiency symptoms:
a. Internal blood clotting
b. Red spots on skin
c. Brittle bones
d. Loose teeth
66. Chronic alcohol abuse interferes with the absorption of
a. Thiamin
b. Vitamin C
c. Vitamin A
d. Niacin
67. The body can turn the amino acid tryptophan into niacin, so tryptophan-rich proteins help to
lower blood cholesterol levels.
a. True
b. False
68. It is virtually impossible to ingest toxic levels of vitamin E from whole foods.
a. True
b. False
69. Vitamin K deficiency would impair
a. Blood clotting
b. Bone formation and repair
c. a and b
d. None of the above
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70. Supplements of this vitamin may help with migraine headaches.
a. Niacin
b. Riboflavin
c. Thiamin
d. Vitamin C
71. Good niacin sources include foods containing tryptophan. Which of the following do not
contain niacin?
a. Tuna, salmon, sardines
b. Beef, pork, chicken
c. Fresh corn; wheat, barley, oats
d. FRINT-fortified whole wheat and other grains
72. To facilitate normal blood clotting, neonates are given, right after birth
a. Vitamin C
b. Vitamin K
c. Vitamin E
d. Biotin
73. Scurvy is caused by a deficiency of
a. Vitamin E
b. Biotin
c. Thiamin
d. Vitamin C
74. The following foods all provide vitamin C. Which provide all of the vitamin C you need
daily?
a. ½ of a guava or 1 large kiwi fruit
b. ½ cup of orange juice
c. ½ cup broccoli
d. ½ cup strawberries
75. Which is not a general function of B vitamins:
a. Release energy from carbs, fats and proteins
b. Synthesize hormones
c. Promote iron and calcium absorption
d. Maintain immune system
76. Brain degeneration, withering of heart and skeletal muscles, and neurological problems,
including impaired motor and cognitive abilities, may result from thiamin deficiencies seen
in alcoholism.
a. True
b. False
77. Anemia can be caused by
a. High vitamin D supplementation
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b. Insufficient folic acid and/or insufficient B12 in the diet
c. Insufficient vitamin C in the diet
d. All the above!
78. Riboflavin deficiency may be diagnosed by
a. Eyes sensitive to light, cracks at corners of mouth + purplish, smooth tongue
b. Brittle bones, exhaustion + black tongue
c. Rashes, cracks at corners of mouth, exhaustion
d. Brittle bones, red tongue
79. Discovered by Drs. Takaki Kanehiro and Christiann Eijkmann by comparing sailors and
prisoners fed white rice with those fed whole-grain rice.
a. Vitamin C
b. Thiamin
c. Riboflavin
d. Niacin
80. Which is not a characteristic of wet beriberi?
a. Shortness of breath
b. Wasting of muscles, including diaphragm and heart
c. Patients usually recover simply by administering a proper diet
d. Patients may die of heart failure
81. Which is not a function of riboflavin?
a. Normal vision
b. Healthy skin
c. Part of energy metabolism
d. All the above are functions of riboflavin!
82. Niacin deficiency is associated with which pathology?
a. Rickets
b. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
c. Pellagra
d. Anemia
83. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, seen in alcoholics, is caused by alcohol inhibiting the
absorption of niacin.
a. True
b. False
84. A dietary source of thiamin is cold cereal such as Cheerios and breads.
a. True
b. False
85. Although niacin helps to synthesis sterols from cholesterol, thus lowering blood cholesterol
levels, niacin supplements also elevate blood sugar levels, so are not good for diabetics.
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a. True
b. False
86. Folic acid (folate) was first extracted from
a. Beef liver
b. Legumes
c. Beet greens
d. Spinach
87. Deficiency in all of the following except for which may result in anemia?
a. B12, pantothenic acid
b. Vitamin C
c. Thiamin, biotin
d. Folic acid, B6
88. Which is not true about pernicious anemia?
a. Autoimmune disease
b. Cells lining stomach don’t make intrinsic factor
c. Intrinsic factor needed for B12 absorption
d. Seen mostly in very young children
89. The rates of spina bifida and anencephaly in neonates have been dropping markedly due to
government regulation of cereals and other grain products.
a. True
b. False
90. Which of the following does not contain any vitamin B12?
a. Legumes with whole grains (cooked with tomatoes)
b. Clams and oysters
c. Steak and chicken
d. Milk, cheese and eggs
91. Vitamin B12 is especially needed for
a. Muscle development
b. Blood cell formation and nervous system development/maintenance
c. Health of the skin
d. Collagen synthesis
92. Vitamin B12 deficiency leads to
a. Irreversible damage to nervous system and anemia
b. Anemia only, which can be reversed through folate supplementation
c. PEM which can be reversed through niacin supplementation
d. Nervous system damage that can be reversed through B12 supplementation
93. Folic acid supplementation is indicated for which group?
a. Alcoholics
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b. Women who are pregnant or who may become pregnant
c. Cardiac or vascular disease patients plus people who take an aspirin a day to help thin the
blood
d. All the above!
94. A diet that does not include any animal-sourced foods whatsoever may lead to irreversible
nervous system damage.
a. True
b. False
95. Vitamin B6 deficiency is rare; which foods do not contain significant amounts of vitamin B6?
a. 3 oz beef liver or a cup of Cheerios
b. A hamburger from McDonalds!
c. Baked potato or a banana or a ½ cup of steamed spinach
d. All the above contain significant amounts of B6!
96. Alcoholics may suffer from both thiamin and folic acid deficiency.
a. True
b. False
97. All of the following foods contain folic acid. Which is highest?
a. ½ cup lentils
b. ½ cup steamed spinach
c. ½ cup steamed broccoli
d. 3 oz liver
98. Vegans are particularly susceptible to vitamin B12 deficiency.
a. True
b. False
99. Which is not a symptom of vitamin B6 deficiency?
a. Greasy, scaly skin; cracks, ulcers at corner of mouth
b. Impaired immune system, thus frequent infections
c. Increased risk of heart disease; neurological problems
d. Red splotches on skin
100. Supplements of this vitamin can be used to significantly lower blood cholesterol and
triglyceride levels.
a. Biotin
b. Riboflavin
c. Niacin
d. Pantothene
101. Vegetarians can obtain vitamin B12 by eating cold cereals and supplements.
a. True
b. False
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102. Vitamin B6 is needed to convert tryptophan into niacin.
a. True
b. False
103.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which two vitamins help us convert amino acids into glucose?
B12 and folate
Biotin and pantothenic acid
Biotin and B6
Vitamin C and biotin
104.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Which is not a symptom of biotin deficiency?
Hair loss
Scaly, red rash on genitals and face
Birth defects
Loss of teeth; red blotches on the face
105. Most whole foods contain biotin, so biotin deficiency is rare.
a. True
b. False
106. Needed for synthesis of fatty acids (triglycerides) and cholesterol; also necessary for
proper liver function.
a. Biotin
b. B6
c. Riboflavin
d. Pantothenic acid
107.
a.
b.
c.
d.
All of the following are good sources of pantothenic acid. Which contains the most?
8 oz yogurt
3 oz chicken
½ avocado
1 egg
Unit 07 Practice Exam KEY:
1c, 2b, 3c, 4a, 5b, 6c, 7d, 8b, 9b, 10a, 11c, 12b, 13d, 14a, 15c, 16d, 17b, 18b, 19a, 20c,
21d, 22d, 23b, 24c, 25c, 26a, 27d, 28a, 29b, 30a, 31b, 32b, 33c, 34d, 35c, 36d, 37b, 38c,
39d, 40a, 41b, 42a, 43a, 44b, 45b, 46c, 47d, 48a, 49b, 50a, 51b, 52c, 53b, 54d, 55c, 56a,
57d, 58a, 59b, 60a, 61a, 62a, 63b, 64b, 65c, 66a, 67a, 68a, 69c, 70b, 71c, 72b, 73d, 74a,
75c, 76a, 77d, 78a, 79b, 80c, 81d, 82c, 83b, 84a, 85a, 86d, 87c, 88d, 89a, 90a, 91b, 92a,
93d, 94a, 95d, 96a, 97d, 98a, 99d, 100d, 101a, 102a, 103c, 104d, 105a, 106d, 107a.
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