Download Reproductive System YOU will be able to: What is the function of the

YOU will be able to:
label a diagram of the male reproductive system
Reproductive System
unit 6:14
What is the function of the
Reproductive System?
MALE VS. FEMALE
To produce a new life!
label a diagram of the female reproductive
system
explain the action of the endometrium
trace the pathway of spermatozoa
describe at least 6 diseases of the reproductive
system
MALE VS. FEMALE
Male Reproductive System
consists of:
Testes
Prostate Gland
Epididymis
Cowper’s Glands
(1)GONADS OR SEX GLANDS
Vas Deferens
Penis
(2)DUCTS OR TUBES TO CARRY
THE SEX CELLS AND
SECRETIONS
Seminal Vesicles
Urethra
BOTH SYSTEMS HAVE:
Ejaculatory Ducts
(3)ACCESSORY ORGANS
Epididymis
Vas or Ductus Deferens
Male: Testes
Two male Gonads or sex
glands
Located in the scrotum
Produce the male sex
cell called spermatozoa
Scrotum located outside
the body for lower
temperature
Testes also produce
testosterone, the main
male hormone
Testosterone helps
mature sperm
Responsible for body
hair, facial hair, larger
muscles, deeper voice
Vas or Ductus Deferens
Tightly coiled tube about 20 feet long
Receives the sperm & fluid from the epididymis
Purpose: acts as a passageway for sperm
Located above testes in the scrotum
The vas deferens joins with the epididymis (on
both sides)
Vasectomy: the vas deferens
Receives sperm from the testes
Stores the sperm while they mature
Also produces a fluid that becomes part of the
semen
Ejaculatory Ducts
is cut to produce sterility
Seminal Vesicles
Two small pouchlike
tubes
Located behind the
bladder
Curves behind bladder
Fluid rich in sugar
This fluid also make up a
large part of the semen
Joins with a seminal vesicle
Ejaculatory Ducts
Contain a lining that
produces a thick yellow
fluid
Provides nourishment for
sperm
Extends into abdominal cavity
Prostate Gland
Two short tubes
Doughnut-shaped gland
Formed by the union of vas deferens & seminal
vesicles
Located below the bladder around the urethra
Carry the sperm & fluids, now known as semen,
though the prostate gland into the urethra
Testes
Prostate Gland
Muscular tissue in prostate contracts during
ejaculation
Produces an alkaline secretion
Increases sperm motility
Neutralizes the acidity in the vagina
Provides a favorable environment for sperm
Prostate contraction closes off urethra to
prevent passage of urine
Cowper’s Glands
Also called: bulbourethral glands
Two small glands below prostate
Connected by tubes to urethra
Produces mucus that serves as lubricant
Provides a more favorable environment for
sperm
Penis Structure
Made of spongy erectile tissue
Urethra
Tube that extends from
the bladder through the
penis to outside of body
Carries urine from
bladder
Carries semen from
reproductive tubes
Functions of Penis
Male organ of copulation or intercourse
During sexual arousal,
Spaces fill with blood
Causing erection
Deposits the semen in the vagina
Penis
External male reproductive organ in front of
scrotum
Glans Penis (enlarged structure at distal end)
Covered by a prepuce or foreskin
Diseases & Conditions
Epididymitis (inflammation of the epididymis)
Causes: gonococcus, streptococcus,
staphylococcus
Symptoms: INTENSE pain in testes, swelling, fever
Treatment: antibiotics, cold, pain meds
Provides for the elimination of urine from the
bladder (urethra)
Diseases & Conditions
Prostatic hypertrophy or hyperplasia
Enlargement of the prostate gland
Diseases & Conditions
Prostate Hypertrophy or Cancer
Symptoms:
Common in men over age 50
Difficulty urinating
Causes:
Frequent urination, nocturia, dribbling
Inflammation, tumor, or change in hormones
Urinary infections
Can be malignant (cancer)
Diseases and Conditions
Testicular Cancer
Testicular Cancer Cont.
Treatment:
Prostate Gland Continued
Causes: mumps, pathogens, or injury
Symptoms: swelling of the scrotum, pain, and fever
Can lead to atrophy of the testes and cause
sterility
Prostate Cancer
Antibiotics
Surgery – prostatectomy
Transurethral resection
Perineal or suprapubic incision
If cancer, radiation, estrogen therapy, orchidectomy
Testicular Cancer
Begin REGULAR
testicular self-exams at
age 15!
Affects 20-35 year olds
Chemotherapy
After warm shower
PAINLESS swelling of the testicles, a heavy feeling,
accumulation of fluid
Orchitis (inflammation of the testes)
Treatment of Enlarged Prostate
ORCHIECTOMY
Symptoms:
Disease & Conditions
Treatment: antibiotics, pain medication
Highly Malignant form that can ______________?
Radiation
Penis
Circumcision
Circumcision is a surgical removal of the foreskin
Examine each testicle
Report to physician if
any abnormality noted
Questions?
Female Reproductive
System
Consists of:
Ovaries
Fallopian (uterine) tubes
Uterus
Vagina
Bartholin’s Glands
Vulva
Ovaries
The female gonads
Small and almond shaped glands
Attached to the uterus by ligaments
Contain thousands of small sacs (follicles)
Each sac contains an immature ovum, the female
sex cell
Ovaries
Ovulation
When egg matures, the follicle enlarges and then
ruptures to release egg
Process is called ovulation
Usually occurs every 28 days
Ovaries also produce hormones (estrogen)
Breasts
Ovulation
Ovulation
Fallopian Tubes
Two tubes, approximately 5 inches in length
They are attached to the upper part of the uterus
NOT attached to the ovaries
Fallopian Tubes
Serves as passageway for the ovum to move
toward the uterus
Peristalsis, and cilia help the ovum move toward
the uterus
Fimbriae are fingerlike projections on ends of
tubes; these help move the ovum into the tube
for fertilization
Uterus
Functions of Uterus
Hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ (womb)
Organ of menstruation
Divided into three parts:
Allows for growth & development of fetus
Fundus (top portion)
Body (middle section)
Cervix (neck that connects to vagina)
Contracts to expel fetus during birth
3 Layers:
Endometrium, myometrium, perimetrium
Vagina
Muscular tube : connects cervix to the outside of
the body
Vulva
Collective name for EXTERNAL female genitalia
Labia majora (enclose & protect vagina)
Serves as a passageway for menstruation
Labia minora ( smaller folds to help protect)
Receives sperm/semen
Vestibule : contains the openings to the urethra
and vagina
Female organ of copulation
At the junction of the labia is the clitoris
Birth canal
Female Anatomy
Diseases & Conditions
Cancer of the cervix:
Detected by Pap Smear
Endometriosis
Abnormal growth of endometrial tissue outside
the uterus
Tissue can be transferred from the uterus by the
fallopian tubes, blood, lymph, or during surgery
Becomes imbedded in a structure and
constantly grows and sheds
Endometriosis
Endometriosis
Ovarian Cancer
One of the most common causes of cancer
deaths in women
Occurs between ages 40 and 65 (usually)
Symptoms are vague
Ovarian Cancer
Breast Tumors
Can be malignant or benign
Signs:
Lump or mass in breast
Change in breast size
Discharge from the nipple
Self-examine once a month, at the end of period
Breast Self Exam