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B3 Revision Trade questions: Transport in animals + Plants
How many chambers are in a
heart?
Which heart chamber has the
thickest muscle?
4
Left ventricle
Which heart chamber pumps
blood to the lungs?
Which heart chamber receives
oxygenated blood from the lungs
via the pulmonary vein?
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Which heart chamber receives
deoxygenated blood from the
body via the vena cava?
Right atrium
Which blood vessel is unusual in
carrying oxygenated blood?
What is unusual about the
pulmonary artery?
How many times does blood pass
through the heart on each circuit
of the body?
Twice (= double circulation)
It carries deoxygenated blood
What forces blood to enter the
ventricles of the heart?
Contraction of the atria
Name the main blood vessel
which takes oxygenated blood
from the heart to the body.
Aorta
Give 2 structural differences between
arteries and veins.
Arteries = thick muscle and elastic
in wall; vein = thin
Arteries = no valves; veins = valves
Pulmonary vein
What stops the backflow of
blood in the heart when the
ventricles contract?
Heart valves
What is the name of the main
blood vessel which returns
deoxygenated blood to the heart
from the body?
Vena cava
Which blood vessels supply the
heart muscle with oxygenated
blood?
Coronary arteries.
How can blocked arteries be
treated?
What may happen if a blocked
coronary is not treated?
Open with a stent.
Heart attack (lack of O2 to
heart muscle)
Name the narrowed type of blood How are capillaries adapted?
vessels.
Thin walls (only 1 cell thick) =
capillaries
short diffusion path for rapid
diffusion/exchange
Name 2 substances that pass
Name 2 substances that pass
from capillaries into cells.
from cells into blood capillaries.
Glucose (sugar) + Oxygen
Carbon dioxide + lactic acid
Name the fluid part of the blood. Name 3 things (excluding cells)
transported by blood plasma.
plasma
1 carbon dioxide
2 urea
3 glucose (sugar)/amino acids
Where is urea made?
Where do the soluble products
of digestion enter the blood?
Liver
Small intestine
What is the role of red blood
cells?
Transport oxygen
Describe the word equation for the
main reaction that occurs inside red
blood cells at the lungs.
Haemoglobin + oxygen →
oxyhaemoglobin
Give 2 adaptations of red blood cells.
1 biconcave disc shape = large SA
for fast diffusion
2 no nucleus = more space for
haemoglobin
Describe the word equation for the
main reaction that occurs inside red
blood cells at body organs (excluding
lungs).
oxyhaemoglobin → Haemoglobin +
oxygen
What is the role of platelets?
Describe a platelet.
Make blood clot
A cell fragment without a
nucleus
What is the role of white blood
cells?
Which liquid can be given in
emergencies to replace lost blood
volume and stabilise blood
pressure?
Plasma or saline
Defence against
pathogens/microbes
Which non-reactive chemicals
can carry oxygen and act as
artificial blood?
Perfluorocarbons (PFC’s)
Give 2 advantages of an artificial
heart.
No donor wait
No tissue match
No immunosuppressant drugs
Give 2 disadvantages of an artificial
blood.
Some do not mix well with blood
Often broken down quickly
May carry less oxygen
Which tissue transports water
and minerals in a plant?
xylem
Which term is used to describe
the movement of water from the
roots, through the xylem and out
of the leaves?
Transpiration stream
What advantage do perflurocarbaons
(PFC’s) have over blood?
No blood cells, so deliver oxygen to
damaged/swollen tissues; keep long
time; no disease; no blood matching
Give 2 disadvantages of an
artificial heart.
Problems with blood clotting
Complex = stay in hospital
expensive
Which type of blood vessels
carry blood away from the
heart?
Arteries
Which tissue transports
dissolved sugars from leaves to
growing regions + storage
organs?
Phloem