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Name: ____________________________ Date: ____________ Period: ________ Lesson 2: Testing Inheritance Models Directions: 1. Here are two models of how children inherit their traits from their parents. These models were proposed by students at your school. Read each model in pairs. With your partner, discuss which model is better. Circle which model you think is better, and discuss reasons why you think one is better than the other or why they are equally good or bad. Model A: Strong Parent Children will get all of their traits and things from the parent with the stronger trait. So a mother whose traits are stronger will give all of her genes to her son. Model B: Sex Model Girls get traits from their moms and boys get traits from their dads. Humans vary in their traits. Here are some examples of these traits. Page. 1 Evidence 1: Sara and her parents 2. Some New Jersey middle school students were interested in understanding how people inherit their traits. To find out, they first randomly chose a person, Sara, in their class and recorded her traits. Sara went home that night and recorded her parents’ traits and brought her observations back to class the next day. Here are their results: Sara Dimples Unattached Earlobes Widow's Peak Curved Thumb Can Roll Tongue Can’t Taste PTC Sara's Father Dimples Unattached Earlobes Widow's Peak Straight Thumb Can Roll Tongue Can Taste PTC Sara's Mother Dimples Unattached Earlobes Straight Hairline Curved Thumb Can’t Roll Tongue Can’t Taste PTC 3. In pairs talk about all the reasons why you are selecting each arrow. Trait Model A: Strong Parent Model B: Sex Model #1 Dimples #2 Earlobes #3 Hairline #4 Thumbs #5 Tongue Rolling #6 Taste PTC 4. Can any models can be ruled out by the evidence? Explain why a piece of evidence rules out a model. __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Page. 2 5. Here are two more models of how children inherit their traits from their parents. These models were proposed by students in your class or other classes during the class discussion in Lesson 1. In pairs, read each model. Circle which model is you think is better. Model C: Strong Gene Model D: Mixed Model Some genes are stronger and some are weaker. So kids get genes from their mom and dad. Whichever version of the gene is stronger wins for that trait. So you can get a strong version of a gene for one trait from mom and a strong version of a gene for a different trait from dad. Every child gets genes from mom and dad. The genes all get mixed up together so that if dad is tall and mom is short the kids will all be medium. Since they mix there are no genes that are stronger than any other genes. 6. In pairs, read Evidence 2 (below) and discuss each piece of evidence. After discussing the evidence, fill in the arrows diagram. Evidence 2: Teresa and her parents 7. Sara, from Evidence 1, and Teresa are friends and they noticed that they have the same traits. Students wondered if Teresa’s parents have the same traits as Sara’s parents (shown in evidence 1). Here are their findings: Teresa Dimples Unattached Earlobes Widow's Peak Curved Thumb Can Roll Tongue Can’t Taste PTC Trait Teresa's Father No Dimples Unattached Earlobes Widow's Peak Straight Thumb Can Roll Tongue Can Taste PTC Teresa's Mother Dimples Unattached Earlobes Straight Hairline Curved Thumb Can’t Roll Tongue Can’t Taste PTC Model C: Strong Gene Model Model D: Mixed Model #1 Dimples #2 Earlobes #3 Hairline #4 Thumbs #5 Tongue Rolling #6 Taste PTC Page. 3 8. Can either model(s) can be ruled out by these pieces of evidence? Explain. __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Individually, answer this question. 9. What is the best model for how children inherit traits from their parents? Use details and evidence to support your claim. __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Page. 4