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14 The History of Life 1 Fossil Evidence of Change 7(B) MAINIDEA Write the Main Idea for this lesson. REVIEW VOCABULARY Recall the definition of the Review Vocabulary term. extinction extinction NEW VOCABULARY Use the terms in the left column to complete the paragraph below. Cambrian explosion eon Scientists measure Earth’s geological and biological events using the epoch era fossil geologic time scale , which is divided into , , The , and . was a period of rapid change during which the ancestors of most animal groups emerged. A layer of soot found between rock layers worldwide, known as the , might indicate that a large meteorite K-T boundary law of superposition paleontologist collided with Earth. The theory of describes Earth’s surface as period large plates that move over Earth’s thick, liquid interior. These plates plate tectonics are made up of rocks. radiometric dating study relative dating using are scientists who . They determine the relative age of rocks , which compares the sequence of rock layers. The states that younger rock layers are deposited on top of older rock layers. Another method of determining the age of rocks is , which measures the decay of radioactive isotopes. The rate of decay is measured using , the amount of time required for half of a radioactive isotope to decay. Science Notebook • The History of Life 196 Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use. half-life 1 Fossil Evidence of Change (continued) Student Edition, pp. 392–400 Reading Essentials, pp. 157–163 Sequence the organizer below by listing the order of events that led to the formation of Earth’s early atmosphere. The last step has been done for you. Volcanoes erupted, giving off gases and forming the early atmosphere. Identify three types of materials in which fossils are found. 1. Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use. 2. 3. Compare relative and radiometric dating using the table below. Provide three facts for each type of dating. Relative Dating Radiometric Dating 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. Science Notebook • The History of Life 197