Download Physical Science Final Exam

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Physical Science
Final Exam
Name:_____________________________
Class#:____________________________
Observation/Inference (1 point each)
Circle “O” if you believe the statement is an observation and “I” if you think it is an inference.
1. O
I
There are two white boards in this room.
2. O
I
There are toys in the closet on the front-left side of the room.
3. O
I
Mr. Klapp does not like female students.
4. O
I
Most of the tables in this room have black tops.
5. O
I
The poster in the top left of the room has at least three 5s on it.
Multiple Choice (1 point each)
Please select the response that best concludes the statement.
6. A hypothesis
a. Should be stated in the form of a question
b. Is a testable observation
c. Is a testable inference
d. Should make inferences about two or more things
7. The first step of the scientific method is
e. Develop a hypothesis
a. Make an inference
b. Make observations
c. Take out your notebook and a pen or pencil
8. An experiment is a process of
a. Making broad and general inferences
b. Making broad and general observations
c. Making focused and specific inferences
d. Making focused and specific observations
9. When you analyze results in an experiment, you are checking to see if your results are
a. really just inferences
b. explained by chance alone
c. only obvious observations
d. not scientifically valid
10. A scientific
a.
b.
c.
d.
theory is
An extremely well supported inference
Basically the same thing as a hypothesis
Basically the same thing as an observation
100% proven to be true
11. Velocity is a combination of
a. Speed in a direction
b. Acceleration and force
c. Time and acceleration
d. Mass and momentum
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12. On a distance vs. time graph, the steeper the slope
a. the faster the object
b. the slower the object
c. the more time passes
d. the less distance is traveled
13. On a distance vs. time graph, a flat horizontal line means
a. there is no object
b. the object has stopped
c. the object is moving at 1 m/s
d. the object is moving backwards
14. On a distance vs. time graph, a line sloping down means the object is
a. slowing down
b. speeding up
c. stopped
d. moving backwards
15. The y axis
a.
b.
c.
d.
is
the vertical (up and down) axis
the horizontal (left to right) axis
never has a label
is always numbered to 15 seconds
These questions to the right apply to the
graph below.
16. From 0 to 4 seconds the object has a constant
a. Is moving very slowly
b. Is moving backwards
c. Is not moving
d. Is moving forward quickly
Moving Object #1
17. From time
a.
b.
c.
d.
13
12
11
10
18. The difference between the motion from 0 to 4
seconds and from 6 to 10 seconds is the object is
moving
a. it is not moving from 0-4s and
moving backwards from 6-10s
b. forward from 0-4s and backward for
6-10s
c. faster from 0-4s and slower from 610s
d. slower from 0-4s and faster from 610s
9
distance (m)
4 to 6 seconds the object
Is moving at a constant velocity
Is moving backwards
Is not moving
Is moving at 4 m/s
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
tim e (s)
7
8
9 10
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19. An acceleration is
a. when an object is moving fast
b. the same as inertia
c. when an object does not move at all
d. when there is a change in the velocity of an object
20. A force
a.
b.
c.
d.
causes an object to keep moving
gives an object a constant velocity
causes an object to accelerate
doesn’t happen in space
21. If you push
a.
b.
c.
d.
a book across a table it stops because
It no longer has a force applied to it
Friction slows it down and stops it
Inertia says it should stay at rest
Gravity increases
22. Velocity is a combination of
a. Speed in a direction
b. Acceleration and force
c. Time and acceleration
d. Mass and momentum
These questions to the right apply to the graph
below.
24. From 3 to 9 seconds the object is
a. speeding up
b. slowing down
c. not moving
d. moving at a constant
velocity
Object X
distance (m)
23. From 0 to 3 seconds the object is
a. speeding up
b. slowing down
c. not moving
d. moving at a constant
velocity
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
25. From time 9 to 12 seconds the object is
a. Is moving at a the same
velocity as it is from 3 to 9
seconds
b. Is moving at a the same
speed as it is from 3 to 9
seconds
c. Is moving in the same
direction as it is from 3 to 9
seconds
d. Is accelerating
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
time (s)
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
26. From 12 to
a.
b.
c.
d.
15 seconds this object is
speeding up
slowing down
not moving
moving at a constant
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27. An car has
a.
b.
c.
d.
a mass of 500 kg and is accelerated at 4 m/s2. How much force does this require?
200 N
2000 N
504 N
125 N
28. An ice skater pushes off the wall along the rink with 180N and is accelerated at 3 m/s2. What
is the mass of the skater?
a. 540 kg
b. 60 N
c. 60 kg
d. 504 N
29. A pitcher accelerates a baseball with a mass of 1.5 kg at 6m/s 2. How much force does this
take?
a. 7.5 N
b. 90 N
c. 9 N
d. 4 N
30. A 60 kg cannonball is fired from a fort with a force of 1800 N. How much is the ball
accelerated?
a. 30 m/s2
b. 10800 m/s2
c. 1800 m/ss
d. 10 m/s2
31. A 5 kg book rests on a table. How much force is it exerting on the table? (Hint: think about
acceleration due to gravity.)
a. 5 N
b. 50 N
c. .5 N
d. none, it is not moving
32. When you are in the back seat of a car and the car suddenly turns to the right you slide to
the left. This happens because:
a. There is another force pulling you to the left
b. Your body wants to keep going in a straight line
c. Friction pulls you in a direction opposite to the one you are going
d. Electro-magnetic force repels you from the side of the car
33. You are pulled towards the earth because of which force?
a. friction
b. gravity
c. electro-magnetic
d. strong nuclear
34. Which force tries to push the + charged protons in an atomic nucleus apart?
a. friction
b. gravity
c. electro-magnetic
d. strong nuclear
35. Which force holds an atomic nucleus together?
a. friction
b. gravity
c. electro-magnetic
d. strong nuclear
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36. At the top of a big hill a roller coaster has a lot of
a. kinetic energy (KE)
b. potential energy (PE)
c. mass
d. velocity
37. The kinetic
a.
b.
c.
d.
energy of an object increases as its ________________ increases.
height
potential energy
velocity
gravity
38. If an object
a.
b.
c.
d.
has energy this means that the object has the ability to
do work
cause gravity
move at a constant rate
fall
39. Energy is measured in
a. Newtons (N)
b. kilograms (kg)
c. Joules (J)
d. meters/second2 (m/s2)
As the ball bleow ball moves along this course it will have differing amounts of kinetic
energy (KE) and potential energy (PE). For #s 40-44 select the appropriate relative
amounts of PE and KE listed below the picture.
a
PE
KE
b
PE
c
KE
PE KE
d
PE
KE
e
PE
KE
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45. What is the
a.
b.
c.
d.
kinetic energy of a 30 kg object moving at 5m/sec?
35 J
375 J
150 J
75 J
The graph below is of a cup of ice that is being heated for 30 minutes. Please answer
the questions below regarding it.
Ice to Boil
110
100
90
80
Temp (Celsius)
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
Time (minutes)
46. For Point A
a.
b.
c.
d.
above there is little increase in temperature because
there is no heat yet
ice is being converted to liquid water
water is boiling
the thermometer must be broken
47. For Point B
a.
b.
c.
d.
above there is an increase in temperature because
the liquid water is heating up
the thermometer finally started working
the water is boiling
the ice is melting very fast
48. For Point C
e.
f.
g.
h.
above there is little increase in temperature because
The thermometer doesn’t register higher temperatures
The hot plate doesn’t get any warmer
The water is all gone
The energy is making the water boil
49. Liquids have
a. Definite shape and volume
b. Definite shape but undefined volume
c. Neither defined shape nor volume
d. Undefined shape but defined volume
50. Gasses have
a. Definite shape and volume
b. Definite shape but undefined volume
c. Neither defined shape nor volume
d. Undefined shape but defined volume
24
26
28
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51. If you increase the temperature of a gas the particles
a. become larger
b. become smaller
c. move faster
d. in pressure and explode the tire
52. The particles in a liquid are closer together than particles in a
a. Solid or gas, but further than plasma.
b. Gas or plasma, but not as close as a solid.
c. Solid, gas or plasma.
d. Solid but not a gas or plasma.
53. According to Charles’ law, if you heat a gas and keep the volume the same then you will
a. Increase the mass
b. Decrease the mass
c. Increases the pressure
d. Decrease the pressure
54. According to Boyles Law if you decrease the size of a container you
a. Increase the mass
b. Decrease the mass
c. Increases the pressure
d. Decrease the pressure
55. If you wanted to increase the pressure a gas exerts on its container you could
a. Cool it down
b. Put it in a smaller container
c. Slow down the particles
d. Put it in a larger container
56. Particle speed from lowest to highest is
a. plasma, solid, liquid, gas
b. solid, liquid, gas, plasma
c. liquid, plasma, gas, solid
d. plasma, gas, liquid, solid
57. You can increase the pressure exerted by a gas by
e. speeding up the particles
f. cooling it down
g. putting it in a larger container
h. freezing it
58. Atoms are
a.
b.
c.
d.
made up of mostly
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Space
59. To find the
a.
b.
c.
d.
number of neutrons in an atom you need to ?
Subtract the number of electrons from the number of protons
Add the atomic number and atomic mass
Subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass
Add the number of electrons and number of protons
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60. The “Noble
a.
b.
c.
d.
Gasses” are special because
They are the only elements on the periodic table that are always gasses
They have more protons than electrons making them stable
They have numbers of electrons that fill their orbitals
They have properties of both metals and non-metals
61. Electrons have
a. A positive charge and relatively low mass
b. A negative charge and relatively high mass
c. A neutral charge and relatively high mass
d. A negative charge and relatively low mass
62. What make
a.
b.
c.
d.
up the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and electrons
Electrons and neutrons
Protons and neutrons
space
63. How many
a.
b.
c.
d.
electrons are usually in Nickel (Ni)
59
28
31
58.693
64. How many
a.
b.
c.
d.
neutrons are usually in Lithium?
3
7
6.941
4
65. How many
a.
b.
c.
d.
protons are in Sodium (Na)?
12
22.989
11
23
66. Which element is Sodium (Na) likely to bond with?
a. Magnesium (Mg)
b. Chlorine (Cl)
c. Lithium (Li)
d. Calcium (Ca)
67. How many
a.
b.
c.
d.
electrons fill the first orbital?
2
8
10
16
68. How many
a.
b.
c.
d.
electrons fill the second orbital?
2
8
10
16
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69. This group
a.
b.
c.
d.
of elements all need to gain one electron to be like the noble gasses
Alkaline Metals
Alkaline-Earth Metals
Metaliods
Halogens
70. This group
a.
b.
c.
d.
of elements all need to lose one electron to be like the noble gasses
Alkaline Metals
Alkaline-Earth Metals
Metaliods
Halogens
71. This group
a.
b.
c.
d.
of elements all need to lose two electrons to be like the noble gasses
Alkaline Metals
Alkaline-Earth Metals
Metaliods
Halogens
The questions to the right refer to this Bohr Model of an atom below.
72. The element to the left is
a. Hydrogen
b. Carbon
c. Nitrogen
d. Oxygen
73. If it had one more proton it would be
a. the same element
b. Flourine
c. Nitrogen
d. negatively charged
74. There are two electrons in the first orbital because
a. that is how many fill the first orbital
b. it is missing one electron
c. it only a light element
d. it is an ion
75. This atom needs how many more electrons to fill
its outer shell?
a. 8
b. 2
c. 6
d. 0
76. The most common element in the air is
a. Hydrogen
b. Carbon
c. Nitrogen
d. Oxygen
77. The most common element in the universe is
a. Hydrogen
b. Carbon
c. Nitrogen
d. Oxygen
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78. The desk you are seated at, your pencil, all living things, and you are mostly made of
a. Hydrogen
b. Carbon
c. Nitrogen
d. Oxygen
The following five questions refer to this reaction:
6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy  C6H12O6 + 6O2
79. For the reaction above CO2 and H20 are the
a. reactants
b. products
c. endothermic
d. exothermic
80. For the reaction above C6H12O6 and O2 are the
a. reactants
b. products
c. endothermic
d. exothermic
81. This reaction is
a. reactants
b. products
c. endothermic
d. exothermic
82. How many
a.
b.
c.
d.
Hydrogen (H) atoms are in the reactant of this reaction?
6
12
18
2
83. In this reaction the number of atoms
a. doesn’t change
b. increases as the reaction goes on
c. decreases as the reaction goes on
d. sometimes increases and sometimes decreases
84.
235U
and 237U are
a. Two different elements
b. Two different isotopes of Uranium
c. Two different ions of Uranium
d. Two elements with the same mass
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For the following questions select (a) if the statement refers to is fission and (b) If it
applies to fusion
Fission
Fusion
85. a
b
Putting two small elements together to make a heavier element and release
energy
86. a
b
Breaking apart large elements into smaller elements and releasing energy
87. a
b
The main energy source in the sun
88. a
b
Used in nuclear power plants
89. a
b
Used in the first nuclear bombs dropped on Japan
90. a
b
235U
91. a
b
4H + energy  He + ENERGY
92. a
b
If we could do this under cold conditions, we might solve world energy
problems
+n
92Kr
+ 142Ba + 2n + energy
93. The energy
a.
b.
c.
d.
source pictured to the right is
clean
renewable
a&b
none of the above
94. The energy
a.
b.
c.
d.
source pictured to the right is
clean
renewable
a&b
none of the above
95. The energy
a.
b.
c.
d.
source pictured to the right is
clean
renewable
a&b
none of the above
96. The energy
a.
b.
c.
d.
source pictured to the right is
clean
renewable
a&b
none of the above
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97. Which energy source is the main cause of pollution and global warming?
a. fission
b. fossil fuels
c. solar
d. hydro-electric
98. In a fusion
a.
b.
c.
d.
reaction, a small amount of _________ is turned into a large amount of _______
mass, energy
energy, mass
work, energy
light, friction
99. Which energy source results in nuclear waste that may be stored at Yucca Mountain in
Nevada?
a. fission
b. fusion
c. wind
d. geo-thermal
100. Which energy source results in nuclear waste that may be stored at Yucca Mountain in
Nevada?
a. fission
b. fusion
c. wind
d. geo-thermal
Good Job! Woo-Hoo! You’re
done!
Now you should take a
vacation!
Kick Back!
Relax!
(Right after you check your
work.)
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Equations and values you might find useful
F=ma
m=F/a
a=F/m
W=Fd
PE= mgh
2
KE= ½mv
2
E=mc
a
gravity
or
g = 10m/s
8
2
c= 9.0 x 10 m/s
Please do not write on the exam