Download Greek Golden Age

Pericles
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Athenian culture, during the Classical Era, became
one of the foundation stones of Western
civilization.
Golden age of Pericles (mostly occurring between
the Persian and the Peloponnesian Wars).
Pericles extended democracy: most adult males
had equal voice
Pericles had Athens rebuilt after the destruction
in the Persian Wars, the Parthenon is an example
of this reconstruction
Contributions
Contributions
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Drama: Aeschylus, Sophocles
Poetry: Homer (Iliad and Odyssey)
History (Herodotus & Thucydides)
1. Herodotus: 1st historians, traveled to see
and write about other cultures and events
Sculpture: Phidias
Architecture: Types of columns included
Doric (Parthenon), Ionian and Cortinthian
Contributions
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Science: Archimedes and Hippocrates
Mathematics: Euclid and Pathagareos
Philosophy: Socrates, Plato and Aristotle
Socrates: Education is the key to personal growth
Aristotle: founded his own school in Athens,
science
Plato: Taught philosophy, go beyond the senses
Columns
• Doric
• Ionian
• Corinthian
Literature / Drama / Poetry
• Aeschylus: First great writer of Greek
Tragedies.
• Sophocles: Wrote Oedipus Rex
• Homer: Wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey
History
• Herodotus: First Historian
to separate myth from fact.
“Father of History.” Wrote
Historia.
• Thucydides: First scientific
historian- tried to be as
accurate & impartial as
possible. Rejected the
notion that the gods played
a role in human history.
Herodotus
Thucydides
Sculpture
• Phidias: sculptor who
was in charge of the
Parthenon’s sculpture.
He carved the towering
statue of Athena.
Science & Medicine
• Archimedes: invented the compound pulley, cylinder,
screw, & lever. Worked with buoyancy.
• Hippocrates: “Father of medicine.” The first to believe
that diseases were natural (not related to the gods) and
could be caused by:
– Poor hygiene
– Improper diet
– Etc
Math
• Euclid: Wrote the
“elements of Geometry”
• Pythagoras: Wrote the
Pythagorean Theorem
about right triangles.
Attempted to explain
everything in mathematical
terms. Believed the world
was round.
Philosophy
• Philosophy: The rational investigation of the
truths and principles of being, knowledge, or
conduct.
• Socrates: Sculptor who spent most of his time
teaching. Developed the Socratic Method of
teaching by asking questions. Executed for
corrupting the youth of Athens.
What is depicted in this picture?
Philosophy
• Plato: Student of Socrates who opened a
school called the Academy. Wrote the
Republic, in which he criticized Democracy for
giving too much control to the individual.
• Aristotle: Studied with Plato for 20 years
before opening his own school.
– Tutored Alexander the Great.
– Influenced science, philosophy, and government.
Architecture
• Types of Greek Columns
• Doric (Parthenon): most simple type of column
• Ionian: usually has a scroll at the top, minimal
designs
• Corinthian: Most complex with elaborate designs at
the top. Commonly used in Rome.
Which is which?
Essential Understandings
• Athenian culture, during the Classic Era,
became one of the foundation stones of
Western civilization.