Download Decline of Athens

Chapter 10.3 Notes
Athens
•
Ruled by __________ at first, until about 750 B.C., some Athenian nobles, merchants,
and ___________________________ took over the government and set up an
______________________(ruling of a few people).
•
Attempts to change the government _______________.
•
A ____________________________(set of principles and rules for governing) was
prepared by ______________ to keep political power away from the ___________.
- set a ___________ on how much land a person could ________ and gave landowners the
right to ___________ in the Assembly (given the power to pass laws)
- _____________ people from ________________________.
- offered ______________________ to all citizens
- orders __________________ to teach their sons ______________.
•
Trade __________________.
•
_______________________ took over in about 560 B.C., and divided large
_____________ among _________________ who didn’t own land.
A Democratic Constitution
•
When Peisistratus died, his sons took over as leaders of the ___________________
government.
•
In 508 B.C., the Spartans themselves were overthrown by a noble named
______________________.
- put into effect the world’s first constitution that was _____________________ or
favoring the equality of all people.
- opened the __________________ to all males over _______ years old.
*each year, elected _______ generals to run the Athenian _________ and navy to
serve as chief magistrates, or _____________.
•
The ___________________________ handled the daily business of Athens
•
Under Cleisthenes, citizens were required to ___________________ their sons at _____
years of age, and then became citizens at age ________.
The Persian wars
Chapter 10.3 Notes
•
About the time Athens was going through government changes, the _______________
ruled the Largest and most powerful _____________ in the western World and
conquered _____________ in 545 B.C.
•
•
About 20 years later, the city-states _______________, and then would be
_________________by the Persians.
In 490 B.C., Darius sent a fleet of _________ ships and a well-equipped army to
_______________.
•
The Persians fought Athens at the Battle of _______________________.
- Greek soldiers launched a ________________ attack and ________
the battle
* A runner set off for Athens with news of the ________________ (Upon reaching
Athens, he cried out ___________!, the Greek goddess of victory)
Shortly after the Battle of Marathon, rich __________________ were found near Athens.
-
The Athenians spent their new ___________ on ____________________, or warships
that had ___________ levels of rowers on each side, one above the other.
•
In 480 B.C., Darius’s son _______________sent _______________ soldiers across the
sea and ________________ northern Greece.
-In order to stop the Persians from taking all of Greece, 20 Greek city-states
_________________ together.
•
•
•
The Persian army, with help by a _______________, killed ____________ soldier
guarding the pass of _____________________ and then set Athens on __________.
Greeks defeated the Persian ____________ and Xerxes returned to ______________.
In 479 B.C., Some of Xerxes soldiers were left behind, and were defeated by the Greeks
in the battle of _____________________.
The Delian League & The Athenian Empire
•
The Persians had been driven from _____________, but they still ruled Asia Minor.
- Because of this, the Athenians suggested that the Greek city-states form a
__________________________, or protective group, called the ______________ League
* ______________ was one of the few Greek city-states that did not join the League
*Once a city-state became a League member, it could not _________________ unless all
the other members _____________.
*turned into the _________________________.
Chapter 10.3 Notes
•
_________________ known as the “___________________” of Athens, had a dream to
make Athens the most___________________ city in the world
-
In doing so, he ________________ the palaces and temples on the
___________________ and long walls that connected Athens with its ______________
of Piraeus.
Decline of Athens
•
The more powerful Athens became, the more ___________________ other Greek citystates grew.
•
_______________________ feelings soon spread throughout Greece.
•
When the Athenians attacked one of Sparta’s allies, a group of city-states led by Sparta
declared war, which was called the _______________________________, which lasted
almost _______ years, ending in 404 B.C. when Athens surrendered to Sparta.
•
Between the war and the plague that struck during the war, Athens also lost more than
_______________________ of its people.
- much land was ________________.
- ___________________ of young Athenian men left home and became
________________, or hired soldiers, in the Persian army.
•
When the Spartans took over Athens in _________ B.C., they set up an oligarchy and
chose _______ Athenian aristocrats to rule there, and Athens would no longer be
__________________ as it used to be before the war.