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Food Valley Expo Personalizing dairy protein for different target groups Urszula Kudla 13 October 2016 Is there an option for semipersonalized nutrition? Sporters Specific group with defined nutritional needs Infants & Kids We already have highly personalized propositions – especially for the youngest ones Seniors Specific group with very specific nutritional needs Adults Too vague – not really a group 1 Why focus on muscle? 30 Age (y) 60 ● WHO/HPS (2000) Why focus on muscle? ● Mobility • ADL (independence) • Sports (lifestyle & performance) ● Metabolic health • Skeletal muscle (40% of BW, 70% of energy expenditure) • Clearance of nutrients from bloodstream ● Associations: • Stronger people live longer (Newman et al. 2006) • Have less T2D, CVD, even cancer • Osteoporosis? (Ruiz et al 2008) Why protein and muscle? • Essential amino acids from proteins are the primary building blocks for muscle (20% of muscle, 80% of muscle DM) • It takes only 3 months to completely renew skeletal muscle • Muscle protein synthesis is stimulated by protein intake and exercise • Dairy protein is highly digestible with excellent amino acid profile 4 Burd et al, J App. Phys, 2009 Is there a need for personalizing protein intake to improve muscle health? Amount 0.8 g protein/kg bodyweight/day, also for elderly subjects Timing Type Considerable scientific debate. National recommendations changed in Nordic countries and France. EUGMS, ESPEN, protein summit: 1 – 1.2g/kg BW for seniors ACSM 0.8 – 1.7 g/kg bw for sporters Amount: Evidence from intervention studies Amount Moore et al, AJCN, 2009; Yang et al, Br J Nutr, 2012 Macnaughton et al, AJCN, 2016 Muscle protein synthesis is a saturable process; optimal dose 20-25g for young and up to 40g for elderly. 40g of whey have been shown to have better effect in the latest study Timing: After exercise Timing ● Meta analysis: Protein intake after resistance exercise increases muscle mass in younger and older subjects Cermak et al, AJCN, 2012 Timing: Before sleep Chronic effect Timing Mass Acute effect Strength Res et al, Med Sci. Sports Exerc 2012 Snijders et al, Journal of Nutrition 2015 Timing: Throughout the day - Seniors Change in le an body mass (kg) Timing 2.0 Placebo Protein 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 -0.5 -1.0 12 24 Time (wks) • • • 40% increase in strength 20% in physical functioning 1.3 kg muscle mass Tieland et al 2012, • Without protein apparent loss of muscle mass ProMuscle is a road towards seniors vitality and better healthcare Movie Timing: From ProMuscle to ProMuscle in practice Timing 11 Partnerships: Co-creation to nourish seniors for better future! Does balanced distribution throughout the day work for young subjects? Timing Effect of different ingestion patterns of 80g of protein during 12h recovery after resistance exercise: Bolus: 2 x 40g Intermediate: 4 x 20g Pulse: 8 x 10g Areta et al, J Physiol, 2013 Protein intake, sources and mealtime distribution of Dutch elite athletes Timing The Dutch Sport Nutrition and Supplement Study (DSSS) cohort - 553 elite athletes - 71 strength athletes - 242 team athletes - 240 endurance athletes - 24-h dietary recalls Athletes typically consume well above 1.2 g protein/kg/d with their normal diet. Gillen et al, unpublished, Protein intake, sources and mealtime distribution of Dutch elite athletes Timing Strength Team Endurance A large proportion of Dutch elite athletes is not meeting the advised 20 g of protein intake during breakfast. This is more pronounced for women than for men. Gillen et al, unpublished, Type: Not all proteins were created equal Type Leucine is considered to a key amino acid, which is likely the main reason why whey protein is so effective Van Vliet et al, J Nutr, 2015 Effect of 12 weeks of exercise Hartman et al, J Nutr, 2007 16 Type: of exercise also matters Type • Resistance exercise stimulates primarily the myofibrillar protein synthesis • Endurance Exercise stimulates to a greater extent the mitochondrial protein synthesis • Synthesis of myofibrillar and mito protein differs in time Effect of 10 weeks of exercise Wilkinson et al, J Physiol, 2008 17 Conclusions • It matters how much protein you eat, and seniors as well as athletes need more protein than 0.8g /kg BM Amount • Strong muscles are essential for maintaining quality of life and physical independence in older age Timing • It matters when you eat protein: after exercise, breakfast, lunch and before sleep Type • Protein quality matters! • Endurance exercise needs to be explored 18 Thank you 19