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NAME: __________________________
Section A:
20 Multiple Choice Questions
/20 Marks
Circle the best alternative on the answer sheet provided.
Answer all questions.
Section B:
8 Short Answer Questions
/38 Marks
Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
Total Marks Available:
/ 60 Marks =
% =
NAME: __________________________ Total:
/20
Year 10 Science
Biology Unit Test
November 2013
PART A: MULTIPLE CHOICE SECTION
Please circle the most appropriate response on
the answer sheet provided.
(20 questions - 20 marks)
1. Australia is believed to have once been part of a giant land mass that comprised all of
the land on Earth. This giant land mass is now known as:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Pangaea.
Laurasia.
Gondwana.
Australasia.
2. Variation within a species can occur by:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
mutation.
pure chance.
the production of gametes.
fertilisation of ova by sperm.
all of the above.
none of the above
3. What is an adaptation?
a. A change in an organism’s DNA.
b. A change in the behaviour of an organism.
c. A characteristic that improves an organism’s chance of surviving in a particular
environment.
d. A characteristic that may cause an organism to modify its environment.
4. What term is used to describe evolution in which two or more species share a common
ancestor?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Convergent
Divergent
Parallel
Phyletic
Page 2 of 14
Year 10 Science
Biology Unit Test
November 2013
6. The diagram below shows the genetic change in primates as they have evolved.
According to this diagram, which pair of species are the most genetically alike?
a.
b.
c.
d.
7.
Chimps and humans
Bonobos and chimps
Gorillas and humans
Gorillas and chimps
Why has evolution resulted in antibiotic resistance in bacteria?
a. Bacteria have learnt how to neutralize the effects of the antibiotic and they
pass this onto their offspring.
b. Bacteria resistant to the antibiotic survive to pass on this characteristic to
their offspring.
c. Not completing a course of antibiotics allows resistant bacteria to develop.
d. Bacteria change their metabolism to cope with the presence of antibiotics.
8.
Which one of the following scientists first suggested that populations of organisms
could change over time and that changes acquired within the lifetime of the
individual could be passed onto its offspring?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Alfred Wallace
Alfred Wegener
Charles Darwin
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Page 3 of 14
Year 10 Science
9.
Biology Unit Test
November 2013
When plants flower in different seasons, it is known as:
a. Temporal isolation
b. Reproductive isolation
c. Geographical isolation
d. Behavioural isolation
10. Which what role do isolating mechanism play in the evolutionary process?
a.
b.
c.
d.
They
They
They
They
prevent environmental selection, thus reducing variation of the species
prevent gene flow, thus reducing variation of the species
prevent gene flow, thus increasing variation of the species
prevent environmental selection, thus increasing variation of the species
11. The number of chromosomes in the nucleus of a human body cell are:
a.
b.
c.
d.
2
23
4
46
12. The cells of an apple tree contain 34 chromosomes. What will be the product of
meiosis in the apple?
a.
b.
c.
d.
2
2
4
4
cells, each with
cells, each with
cells, each with
cells, each with
34 chromosomes
17 chromosomes
17 chromosomes
34 chromosomes
13. Which of the following groups of scientists won the Noble Prize for discovering the
structure of DNA?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Chargaff, Franklin and Wilkins
Franklin, Watson and Crick
Miescher, Franklin and Watson
Watson, Crick and Wilkins
Page 4 of 14
Year 10 Science
Biology Unit Test
November 2013
14. Complementary base pairing is when
a.
b.
c.
d.
Adenine can link with either Uracil or Thymine
Guanine links with Thymine
Only identical bases pair up
Thymine links with Uracil
15. Karyotyping is a process whereby
a.
b.
c.
d.
Alleles are sorted according to size
Genes are sorted according to size
Genetic mutations can be marked on chromosomes
The number of chromosomes can be counted
16. The notation on a karyotype reads 47XXY+23. What disorder does this individual
have?
a. Down Syndrome
b. Turner’s Syndrome
c. Klinefelter’s Syndrome
d. Cru-di-Chat Syndrome
17. A gene mutation is
a.
b.
c.
d.
A change in the base sequence of DNA
A change in the number of chromosomes
A failure in the process of meiosis
Due to non-disjunction
18. In pea plants, the gene for tall stems (T) is dominant over the gene for short stems
(t). The phenotype for a pea with the gene combination Tt is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
tall stems
middle-sized stems
short stems
TT
Tt
tt
Page 5 of 14
Year 10 Science
Biology Unit Test
November 2013
19. Huntington’s disease is caused by a dominant allele that is not sex linked. If the
father has one copy of the allele and the mother no copies, what is the chance that
their children will have the disease?
a.
b.
c.
d.
100%
25%
50%
0%
20. Petal colour in snap dragons exhibits co-dominance. What are the possible outcomes
when red-flowered snapdragons are crossed with white-flowered snapdragons?
a.
b.
c.
d.
2
2
3
3
phenotypes: red and white
genotypes: red and white
phenotypes: red, white and pink
genotypes: red, white and pink
Page 6 of 14
Year 10 Science
Biology Unit Test
November 2013
PART B: SHORT ANSWER SECTION
Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
(8 questions – 40 marks)
1.
(a) Explain why the process of natural selection is commonly known as ‘survival of
the fittest’.
[3]
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(b) What is artificial selection?
[1]
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(c) Discuss whether artificial selection could also be called ‘survival of the
fittest’.
[2]
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(Total = 5 marks)
Page 7 of 14
Year 10 Science
Biology Unit Test
November 2013
2. The Kaibab Squirrel and Abert Squirrel of the USA are very similar in appearance.
However, they are separated from each other by the Grand Canyon. Neither squirrel
can cross to the other side of the canyon. The squirrels are not yet regarded as
separate species.
(a) List three selection pressures that could result in the two types of squirrels
evolving into different species.
[3]
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(b) What would need to be demonstrated before the two squirrels could be
regarded as two separate species?
[1]
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(Total = 4 marks)
Page 8 of 14
Year 10 Science
Biology Unit Test
November 2013
3. The photo below shows the 150 million year old fossilised remains of an Archaeopteryx.
(a) List three features that link this fossil to birds.
[1]
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(b) List three features that link this fossil to reptiles.
[1]
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(c) What conclusions did scientists make after the discovery of this fossil?
[1]
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(d) How can continental drift mechanisms contribute to an incomplete fossil
record of life on Earth?
[1]
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(Total = 4 marks)
Page 9 of 14
Year 10 Science
Biology Unit Test
November 2013
4. King Henry VIII had his second wife Anne Boleyn beheaded in the Tower of London in
1536, three years after she gave birth to a daughter. Although she was condemned and
sentenced to death for unfaithfulness, the real reason for the execution is believed to
be her failure to give birth to a boy. From a biological point of view, was Henry right in
blaming Anne Boleyn for not producing a son? Explain your answer.
[2]
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................
(Total = 2 marks)
5. Answer the following questions regarding the structure of DNA:
(a) What are the subunits of the DNA molecule called?
[1]
.....................................................................................................................................
(b) What are the 3 components of a DNA subunit?
[3]
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(c) What is the name given to the shape of a DNA molecule?
[1]
.....................................................................................................................................
(d) State the type of bonds that connect the two strands of a DNA molecule.
.....................................................................................................................................
Page 10 of 14
[1]
Year 10 Science
Biology Unit Test
November 2013
(e) Explain why there are two different types of chemical bonds needed within the
DNA molecule.
[2]
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(Total = 8 marks)
Page 11 of 14
Year 10 Science
Biology Unit Test
November 2013
Questions 6-7 are related to inheritance.
Please remember to show a key and to
show all of your working.
6. Earwax, also known by the medical term cerumen, is a yellowish waxy substance
secreted in the ear canal of humans and other mammals. There are two distinct
genetically determined types of earwax: the wet type, which is dominant, and the dry
type, which is recessive. Earwax type is an autosomal trait.
(a) Using a punnet square, determine the chance of a mother (who is heterozygous)
and a father (who has dry earwax) having a child without wet earwax.
[3]
(b) While Asians and Native Americans are more likely to have the dry type of
cerumen, African and European people are more likely to have the wet type.
Discuss why different traits have different rates of incidence in different
countries and/or racial groups.
[2]
(Total = 5 marks)
Page 12 of 14
Year 10 Science
Biology Unit Test
November 2013
7. In humans, blood type is controlled by multiple alleles. There are 4 possible blood
types: A, B, AB and O.
(a) Construct a pedigree chart to show a type O man and a homozygous type A
woman and their two female children. Include all genotypes on this pedigree. [3]
(b) One of the children from Q7a. marries a type B person.
Is it possible for this child to have type O blood. Explain.
[2]
(Total = 5 marks)
Page 13 of 14
Year 10 Science
Biology Unit Test
November 2013
8. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a recessive X-linked form of muscular
dystrophy, which results in muscle degeneration and eventual death.
(a) What is meant by sex-linked inheritance.
[1]
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(b) If a carrier female of DMD has a child with a normal male, determine the
possible genotypes and phenotypes of their offspring.
[4]
(Total = 5 marks)
Page 14 of 14