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Learning outcomes: 1 I can draw and analyze schematic diagrams of circuits. 2.3 Analyzing and Building Electrical Circuits Engineers and designers of electrical circuits use symbols to identify components and connections. A drawing made with these symbols is called a schematic or schematic diagram. All circuits have four basic parts: sources, conductors, switches and loads. A source provides energy and a supply of electrons for the circuits. A conductor provides a path for current. A switch controls current flow, turning it on or off, or directing it into different parts of a circuit. A load converts electrical energy into some other form of energy. SERIES CIRCUITS The conductors, control and protection devices, loads, and power source are connected with only one path to ground for current flow. The resistance of each device can be different. The same amount of current will flow through each. The voltage across each will be different. A Series Circuit has only one path to ground, so electrons must go through each component to get back to ground. All loads are placed in series. Therefore: 1. An open in the circuit will disable the entire circuit. 2. The voltage divides (shared) between the loads. 3. The current flow is the same throughout the circuit. 4. The resistance of each load can be different. PARALLEL CIRCUIT A parallel circuit has more than one path for current flow. The same voltage is applied across each branch. If the load resistance in each branch is the same, the current in each branch will be the same. If the load resistance in each branch is different, the current in each branch will be different. If one branch is broken, current will continue flowing to the other branches. A Parallel Circuit has multiple paths or branches to ground. Therefore: 1. In the event of an open in the circuit in one of the branches, current will continue to flow through the remaining. 2. Each branch receives source voltage. 3. Current flow through each branch can be different. 4. The resistance of each branch can be different. SERIES PARALLEL CIRCUIT A series-parallel circuit has some components in series and others in parallel. The power source and control or protection devices are usually in series; the loads are usually in parallel. The same current flows in the series portion, different currents in the parallel portion. The same voltage is applied to parallel devices, different voltages to series devices. If the series portion is broken, current stops flowing in the entire circuit. If a parallel branch is broken, current continues flowing in the series portion and the remaining branches. Diagram analysis 1. What is the subject? 2. What conclusion can be made with this diagram? 3. What inference can be made with this diagram? Attached are the rest of the notes on parallel and series circuits. Answer questions on the attached notes…. Do a few circuits… on Circuit Gizmos! And draw them!