Download Ch. 15 sec 4 Aggressors Invade Nations I. Japan Seeks an

Ch. 15 sec 4 Aggressors Invade Nations
I. Japan Seeks an Empire
A. Militarists Take control of Japan
1. When the Great Depression struck in 1929 many Japanese
blamed the govt. which allowed military leaders to gain
support and then win control of the country
2. They implemented traditional values and made the emperor
the symbol of state power
A. Militarists Take control of Japan
3. The military leaders wanted to solve the country’s problems
through foreign expansion.
4. They planned a Pacific empire than included a conquered
China which would provide raw materials and markets for
goods
B. Japan Invades Manchuria
1. The Japanese military invaded the Manchurian province rich
in iron and coal despite objections from the Japanese
parliament
2. The Japanese attack was the first direct challenge to the
League of Nations
B. Japan Invades Manchuria
3. Japan ignored protests to their actions and withdrew from
the League of Nations in 1933
C. Japan Invades China
1. A border incident touched off a full-scale war between Japan
and China
2. Jian Jieshi’s Chinese army is no match for the Japanese who
kill tens of thousands captured soldiers and citizens in
Nanjing
C. Japan Invades China
3. Mao Zedong continued to fight the Japanese
in the conquered areas
II. European Aggressors on the March
A. Mussolini Attacks Ethiopia
1. To avenge Italian defeat in 1896 Mussolini invaded Ethiopia
in October of 1935 and quickly defeated them
2. Haile Selassie appealed to the League of Nations for support
but was ignored
3. Britain and France hoped to keep peace by giving in to
Mussolini in Africa
B. Hitler Defies Versailles Treaty
1. In 1935 Hitler openly defied and disobeyed the restrictions of
a limited German military
2. Hitler then sent troops into the Rhineland which was an
important industrial area which was also a buffer between
Germany and France
B. Hitler Defies Versailles Treaty
3. The British urged appeasement, giving in to an aggressor to
keep peace
4. Gaining the Rhineland also provided Hitler with power and
prestige among his people and now France and Belgium
were open to attack
5. The weak responses from France and Britain encouraged
Hitler to expand
B. Hitler Defies Versailles Treaty
6. Hitler’s growing power convinced Mussolini to seek an
alliance and in October of 1931 they signed the Rome-Berlin
Axis
7. A month later Germany made an alliance with Japan;
Germany, Italy, and Japan became known as the Axis Powers
C. Civil War Erupts in Spain
1. In July 1936, army leaders who favored a Fascist-style govt.
joined Francisco Franco in a revolt in a 3 year civil war
2. Hitler and Mussolini sent troops, tanks, and planes to help
Franco’s forces which were called the Nationalists
C. Civil War Erupts in Spain
3. The Republicans, supporters of Spain’s govt. received little
help abroad; Western democracies wanted to remain
neutral; except the Soviet Union
4. In 1939 the Republican resistance collapsed and Franco
became Spain’s Fascist dictator