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WORLD HISTORY notes Middle Ages Day 1: Franks /Vikings 476 Fall of Rome – no centralized government – beginning of “DARK AGES” Barbarians (groups now allied to their groups) -decrease in stability, trade, literacy, technology, art TWO “things” brought stability to western Europe after Rome’s fall: 1)CHRISTIANITY 312 – Constantine 313 – Edict of Milan 380 – Theodosius >helped increased stability, morality, education 2)FRANKS 481 – Clovis >”Battlefield Conversions” become “Protectors of Christianity” Gradually Frankish kings lost power, BUT the power of the “Mayor of the Palace” increased 714 – CHARLES MARTEL >Battle of Tours 752 – PEPIN THE SHORT becomes king – deposes Childeric III >approved by Pope Zacharias – “Divine Legitimacy” >protects Papacy from Lombards >est. “Papal States” 771 – CHARLEMAGNE becomes king >will become 1st leader since fall of Rome to unite western Europe >799 – Pope Leo III asked Charlemagne for protection >12/25/800 – Pope Leo III crowns Charlemagne = EMPEROR (Holy Roman Emperor) -strengthened rule Problems with Charlemagne being crowned emperor: 1)Byzantine Emperor already had title of “Roman Emperor 2)Where did Pope get authority to crown someone emperor 3)Power struggle between “Spiritual” power and “Temporal” power Mr. Meier Page 1 WORLD HISTORY notes Middle Ages Day 1: Franks /Vikings Charlemagne’s accomplishments: 1)divided empire into “COUNTIES” 2)appointed a COUNT and a member of the CLERGY in each County 3)used MISSI DOMINICI 4)used influence of the CHURCH ”Iron Charles” 5)stressed EDUCATION 6)PERSONALITY 814 – Charlemagne died – Frankish Empire declined RISE OF “VIKING AGE” >Scandanavia >population explosion >farmland 783 – attacked LINDISFARNE >monastery >”Berserkers” / “Long Ships” / “Valhalla” (THOR) 911 – King Charles the Simple (France) gave Viking leader, ROLLO, land in Normandy to stop Invasions – helped, but didn’t end threats 982 ERIC the RED founded GREENLAND 1000 LEIF ERICSON reached AMERICA Gradually “Viking” threat came to an end: 1)conversion to CHRISTIANITY 2)climate change 3)FEUDALISM Mr. Meier Page 2