Download 1. Why is it that small lipids are soluble across the plasma

1. Why is it that small lipids are soluble across the plasma membrane, but amino acids are not soluble?
a) lipids are soluble across nonpolar channel and carrier proteins; amino acids are soluble across the hydrophilic protein
based interior
b) nonpolar cholesterol is substituted for polar phosphate heads allowing small lipids to pass through the hydrophilic
portion; fatty acids within the hydrophobic portion repel amino acids
c) lipids diffuse with water across nonpolar aquaporins; amino acids are transported by ATP pumps
d) polar carbohydrates attract polar lipids for channel transport; amino acids attract nonpolar lipids for channel
transport
2. You are looking at a photomicrograph in lab and see long cells with nuclei along one plane. Which statement
correctly describes the tissue?
a) Simple cuboidal cells perform absorption and secretion, especially in the renal tubule
b) Simple columnar cells perform absorption, especially in the large intestine
c) Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelia contains cells of variable heights
d) Transitional epithelia is stratified, with smaller cells at the basal surface
3. Place the following items in order of complexity, from simple to complex.
1. cuboidal cell
2. Peripheral protein 3. Desmosome
4. Simple cuboidal epithelia
a) 3.2.1.5.4.
b) 5.1.4.3.2.
c) 4.5.1.3.2.
d) 2.3.1.4.5.
5. renal tubule
4. The Digestive system epithelia secretes mucous in addition to absorbing nutrients. Choose the most correct
statement.
a) Unicellular endocrine Goblet cells secrete mucous, columnar epithelia absorb nutrients
b) Multicellular endocrine Goblet cells secrete mucous, columnar epithelia absorb nutrients
c) Unicellular exocrine Goblet cells secrete mucous, columnar epithelia absorb nutrients
d) Multicellular exocrine Goblet cells absorb mucous, columnar epithelia absorb nutrients
5. Some bacteria infect our tissues by destroying fibers in the dermis. This allows the bacteria to move deeper into the
organs. How must these bacteria accomplish this?
a) Bacteria secrete acids which dissolve the collagen fibers in epidermis
b) Bacteria secrete enzymes which dissolve the collagen fibers in the dermis
c) Bacteria move through tissues, the activity of their movement destroys glycosaminoglycan structure
d) Bacteria enter cells through exocytosis, and destroy fibroblasts from within
6. A good example of a positive feedback mechanism would be:
a) Estrogen production during the first half of the menstrual cycle
b) regulating glucose levels in the blood with Insulin
c) blood calcium level regulation and it’s role in the clotting cascade
d) body temperature regulation and skeletal muscle contraction
7. Why is your epidermis such a great barrier?
a) simple squamous epithelia forms impermeable barriers for protection from abrasion
b) stratified squamous epithelial tissue with keratin is waterproof and relatively impermeable to large objects
c) areolar connective tissue forms a waterproof barrier and contains macrophage to phagocytize bacteria
d) pseudostratified columnar epithelia often forms a mucocilliary filter system, trapping objects
8. While working in the blood typing lab one day, you are required to dilute your patient’s blood sample. Since you
slept your way through BIO2050, you've grabbed a hypotonic solution to dilute the blood sample. What is going to
happen to your patient’s erythrocytes?
a) The cells will swell and lyse
b) The cells will lose water and crenate
c) The cells will show no change as solute diffuses to equilibrium
d) The cells will crenate at first, but will later reach equilibrium
9. Which substance is correctly paired to the way it crosses the plasma membrane?
a) water: always diffuses directly through the phospholipid bilayer without the use of channels
b) carbon dioxide: passes through gaps formed as phospholipids move
c) glucose: binds to carrier proteins then moves across the membrane
d) ions: transported across the membrane by steroid channels
10. Your friend just got a job as a Histologist. Which of the following statements is a correct job description?
a) She is in the field of Macroscopic Anatomy and studies tissues
b) She is in the field of Macroscopic Anatomy and studies cells
c) She is in the field of Microscopic Anatomy and studies organs
d) She is in the field of Microscopic Anatomy and studies tissues
11. Your friend is confused! In class, Prof. Klein said that cells need glucose for chemical reactions. Then she said that
glucose is charged… then your friend replied to a text she received. When she looked back up again, Prof. Klein was
saying that glucose was inside the cell. Your friend says, “How the heck did glucose get in there if it’s charged, and the
membrane isn’t?” After reprimanding her for not paying attention, you correctly reply____.
a) Glucose is nonpolar, so it is soluble across the membrane. Therefore, the cell needs no channels or carrier proteins
for it. This is simple diffusion.
b) Glucose is nonpolar so it is not soluble across the membrane. Therefore, the cell makes nonpolar active transport
pumps for the glucose. This is primary active transport.
c) Glucose is polar so it’s not permeable across the membrane. But, the membrane has protein channels through
which glucose diffuses across the membrane. This is facilitated diffusion.
d) Glucose is polar so it is permeable across the membrane. So, the membrane simply needs carboporin molecules
which function like aquaporins. This is secondary active transport.
12. Which statement best describes connective tissue?
a) cells in an extra cellular matrix; matrix includes ground substance and fibers
b) cells arranged in layers; layers include collagen, elastin and reticular
c) cells in a living matrix; matrix includes –blasts and –cytes
d) cells in a single layer; fibers include collagen, elastin and reticular
13. The reason your epiglottis can close of your “windpipe” during swallowing, then bounce back to its original position
is because it is made of _________ and contains _______________ fiber(s)?
a) reticular cartilage – reticular fibers
b) fibrocartilage – collagen
c) hyaline cartilage – collagen
d) elastic cartilage - elastin
14. Subdivisions of anatomy include:
a) regional, surface, visual, and microscopic
c) regional, gross, systemic, and superficial
b) gross, macroscopic, visual, and microscopic
d) gross, regional, systemic, and surface
15. Arrange the following terms in their appropriate sequence from complex to simple:
1. Sebaceous
2. exocrine
3. sebum
4. cuboidal cell
5. duct
a) 3.4.5.1.2.
b) 2.1.5.4.3.
c) 5.1.3.4.2.
d) 1.3.5.4.2.
16. Passive membrane transport processes include:
a) movement of solute down a concentration gradient and consumption of ATP
b) movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane along its gradient
c) movement of a substance down its concentration gradient using a protein pump
d) movement of a solvent up a concentration gradient without ATP
17. Your patient is having problems with nutrient absorption in their digestive tract. Which tissue and structure may be
affected?
a) simple squamous; microvilli
b) simple columnar; cilia
c) simple columnar; microvilli
d) simple squamous; cilia
18. Why should a normal person never have protein in their urine?
a) all transport proteins are full and the rate of active transport is slowed, therefore proteins will not spill out into the
urine
b) protein transport requires carrier protein molecules, which are absent in the simple cuboidal epithelia of the tubule
c) proteins are small and polar, they are permeable across the simple cuboidal epithelia of the tubule, but not of the
glomerulus
d) proteins are large and polar, they are not permeable across the simple squamous epithelia of the glomerulus
19. Which of the following statements is correct regarding diffusion?
a) The greater the concentration gradient, the faster the rate of diffusion
b) Molecular weight of a substance does not affect the rate of diffusion
c) The rate of diffusion is independent of temperature
d) The lower the temperature, the faster the diffusion rate
20. While viewing a tissue under the microscope you see lacunae, few blood vessels and a smooth background. You say
to yourself, "I know what this tissue is!" Then turn to your study partner and exclaim, "This tissue is________!" Choose
the tissue that correctly finishes the statement
a) areolar tissue
b) fibrocartilaginous tissue
c) hyaline cartilage
d) osseous tissue
21. The pancreas and liver work together to maintain homeostasis of blood glucose through:
a) both negative and positive feedback
b) neither positive nor negative feedback
c) positive feedback
d) negative feedback
22. The person in front of you at the student center dropped their flashcards! You help pick them up, and find that one
card is incorrect. Which of the following statements must be the incorrect card?
a) epithelial tissue has no matrix; apical and basal surfaces; a basement membrane; is regenerative
b) epithelial tissue has no matrix; apical and basal surfaces; a basement membrane; is regenerative
c) epithelial tissue has arrangements; apical and basal surfaces; a basement membrane; is regenerative
d) epithelial tissue has arrangements; apical and basal surfaces; no basement membrane; is regenerative
23. Blood and bone are both connective tissues because? Choose the correct answer.
a) both are cells in extracellular matrix; matrix is composed of ground substance and fibers; the ground substance
contains the same amount of GAG
b) both are cells in extracellular matrix; matrix is composed of cells and fibers; the ground substance is variable
c) both are cells in extracellular matrix; matrix is composed of ground substance and fibers; the ground substance is
variable
d) both are cells in extracellular matrix; matrix is composed of ground substance and cells; the ground substance is
variable
24. A needle would pierce the epidermal layers of the femoral region in which order?
a) granulosum, basale, spinosum, corneum
b) basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum
c) basale, spinosum, granulosum, corneum
d) corneum, granulosum, spinosum, basale
25. Choose the statement that correctly describes cardiac muscle cells
a) striations, branched cylinders, uninucleate, intercalated disc
b) striations, cylinders, multinucleate, intercalated disc
c) smooth, branched cylinders, multinucleate, tight junctions
d) striations, multinucleate, branched cylinders, tight junctions
The Key
1
B
2
B
3
D
4
C
5
B
6
A
7
B
8
A
9
C
10 D
11 C
12 A
13 D
14 D
15 B
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20
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24
25
B
C
D
A
C
D
D
C
D
A