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Transcript
13.1 CIRCUITS AND CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS Drawing Schematic Circuit Diagrams When drawing circuit diagrams, we use specific symbols. Sources: Cell Conductor Connecting Wire Battery with Three Cells Loads: Light Bulb or lamp Resistor Motor Control Devices: Open Switch Closed Switch Fuse Measurement Devices: Voltmeter Ammeter Ohmmeter Draw circuits containing the following components: Example 1: One cell One switch that controls the whole circuit One light bulb with two motors An ammeter Which way do the electrons flow? Example 2: 2 cell battery 2 light bulbs Voltmeter that measures the first light bulb Series and Parallel Circuits SERIES CIRCUIT A series circuit is a circuit in which electrons flow in only one path (a continuous loop) and pass through all components of the circuit. In a series circuit, the voltage decreases as you increase the number of loads. In a series circuit, if you remove one load, the circuit becomes incomplete (open) The charges pass through every load before returning to the electrical source to be reenergized again. Example 3: Draw a circuit containing the following components in series: One dry cell One switch that controls the whole circuit Three light bulbs in series PARALLEL CIRCUIT A parallel circuit is a circuit in which electrons flow in multiple paths. In a parallel circuit, the loads are on at least two different branches. The electrons that leave the source are split between the loads. In a parallel circuit, if you remove one load, there are still other paths for electrons to flow. In a parallel circuit, as you increase the number of loads, the current at the battery will increase to meet the demand of multiple paths of current. Overall, the current across each load is smaller than at the battery. Example 4: Draw a circuit containing the following components: One dry cell One switch that controls the whole circuit Three light bulbs in parallel HOMEWORK: Read Page 551-554 and do questions #1-7 on Page 554