Download food chain - cmbiology

Ch. 5: “Photosynthesis &
Cellular Respiration”
Food Chains & Food Webs
Energy
1. Producers (AKA autotrophs) = able to make their
own food
• Photosynthesis = using sunlight as the energy
source to make food (exs. plants, algae, certain
bacteria, etc.)
• Chemosynthesis = using chemicals as the energy
source to make food (exs. Archaea & bacteria
near deep sea vents)
2. Consumers (AKA heterotrophs) = NOT able to
make their own food (exs. animals, fungi, some
bacteria & protists)
Photosynthesis
Food Chain
• A food chain shows how each
living thing gets food, and how
nutrients and energy are passed
from organism to organism.
Food Chain
Food Chain
• Sun = Most organisms get their energy directly or
indirectly from the sun.
• Trophic level = the position that an organism occupies
in a food chain - what it eats/what eats it.
• Grass = producer/autotroph
• Grasshopper = I° (primary) consumer
• Frog = II° (secondary) consumer
• Snake = III° (tertiary) consumer
• Hawk = IV° (quaternary) consumer
• Organisms at the top of the food chain are known as
apex predators.
Consumers
• Herbivore = consumes plants (exs.
grasshopper, deer, etc.)
• Carnivore = consumes animals (exs. frog,
snake, hawk, etc.)
• Omnivore = consumes plants/animals (exs.
bear, humans, etc.)
• Scavenger/decomposer = consumes dead
plants/animals/waste products (exs. worms,
vultures, bacteria, fungi, etc.)
Food Web
• A group of interconnected food
chains in an ecosystem.
Food Web