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Transcript
Layers of the Earth and Plate Tectonics Layers of the Earth Crust= solid Mantle= solid/liquid Outer Core= liquid Inner Core= solid Lithosphere= crust & upper mantle Asthenosphere= middle mantle/liquid Seismic Waves P-waves- (Primary waves) they are FASTEST. They go through liquid and solid S-waves- (secondary waves) They ONLY go through a solid Convection Currents Relate the paper dot lab to the convection currents in the mantle. *When the paper dots heated up they raised to the top (less dense). As the dots cooled (denser) they sank to the bottom. This creates a circular motion. *This is like the magma in the mantle. The magma heats and rises to the surface and then cools and sinks. *Convection currents are what makes our plates move. *The heat from the core powers convection currents. Continental Drift * This is Alfred Wegner’s Theory * Describe how Continental Drift changed Pangaea to the present day continents. * Wegener was not taken seriously, because he couldn’t explain the force used to move HUGE continents. *Evidence: a. correlating rock layers & fossil distribution b. continents fit together like a puzzle - todays theory used to explain the movement of the lithospheric plates Supported through- satellites, lasers, fossil evidence, computers match the coast line Plates move on average 3 CENTIMETERS/year - makes mountains (Himalayans) Subduction- makes trench, it’s destructive *ONLY layer to be a destructive process - ridges and new crust (Mid-Atlantic Ridge) Constructive Process - earthquakes ( San- Andreas Fault- California) Faults*Compression is at a reverse fault * Tension is at a normal fault (normal to have 10 fingers) Syncline rock deformation: