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Inside Earth: Chapter 1: Plate Tectonics Section 2: Convection Currents and the Mantle Vocabulary: Heat Transfer: movement of energy from a warmer object to a cooler object Radiation: transfer of heat from one object to another without heating the space between Conduction: transfer of heat from one substance to another substance it is touching Convection: transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid Important Facts: As you move away from the crust and depth increases so does temperature and pressure Unequal heating: (distance from heat source) causes convection currents within the mantle. As the fluid gets hotter the density decreases (molecules spread out and it causes liquid to rise). When fluid reaches a constant temperature, the convection current stops. As long as there is heat from the Earth’s mantle and core, convection current will be present in the asthenosphere.