Download Український Подкаст «Спілкуймося українською

Український Подкаст «Спілкуймося українською»
The Ukrainian Podcast “Let’s Communicate in Ukrainian”
By Natalia Kovaliova and Roman Ivashkiv
University of Alberta
Вітаємо! Нам приємно, що Ви зацікавлені у вивченні української мови і культури.
Бажаємо Вам успіху. Якщо у Вас є запитання, побажання, чи пропозиції, пишіть до
Наталі Ковальової або Романа Івашківа.
Greetings! We are pleased that you are interested in learning the Ukrainian language and
Ukrainian culture. We wish you success. If you have any questions or would like to make a
suggestion, please, contact Natalia Kovaliova or Roman Ivashkiv.
6 березня 2008 – March 20, 2008
УРОК 3 «Я живу, Я вчуся» – Lesson 3 “I live ... I study …”
Діалог – Dialogue
Н: Романе, ти з Канади?
Р: Ні, Наталю. Я з України. Я живу у Львові. Але тепер я вчуся в університеті
Альберти. А звідки ти?
Н: Я з Америки. Але тепер я живу в Едмонтоні. Я теж вчуся в університеті Альберти.
Р: Чудово, побачимося в університеті.
Р: Па-па, щасливо.
Нові слова та вирази – New vocabulary
Я живу – I live
Жити – to live
В / У - in
Але – but
Тепер – now
Я вчуся – I study (вчитися – to study)
Університет – university (в університеті – in the university)
Теж – too, also
Чудово – great
Copyright 2008 by Natalia Kovaliova and Roman Ivashkiv. All rights reserved. This material may be freely copied and
distributed subject to inclusion of the authors’ names and our URL http://www.ualberta.com/~ivashkiv/
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Український Подкаст «Спілкуймося українською»
The Ukrainian Podcast “Let’s Communicate in Ukrainian”
By Natalia Kovaliova and Roman Ivashkiv
University of Alberta
GRAMMAR NOTE:
In lesson 2, we introduced an important grammar concept – the case, or rather the system of
seven Ukrainian cases, which regulates what endings nouns take depending on their function in
the sentence.
Here are the cases we discussed last time:
Nominative – used to name an object or a person (e.g. Це стіл – This is a table)
Genitive – used to indicate possession and also after the preposition «з» (from) (e.g. Я з Канади
– I come from Canada)
Dative –
Accusative –
Instrumental –
Locative –
Vocative – used when you address people by their name (e.g. Привіт, Наталю – Hi, Natalia)
Let us now discuss the cases that are used in the dialogue in lesson 3.
To begin with, Natalia addresses Roman by saying «Романе», which is the vocative case. You
always need to use the vocative case when you call a person by their name in Ukrainian.
Then Roman says, «Я з України» (I come from Ukraine). In this sentence, he uses the genitive
case because of the preposition «з» (from) which is governed by the genitive case. That is why
«Україна» (the nominative form) changes to «України» (the genitive form). Natalia will later
use the same form to say that she comes from America, «Я з Америки».
When Roman says, «Я живу у Львові», he uses the locative case. Normally, the locative case is
used to indicate location (i.e. where you are at the moment). It is easy to identify the locative
case in the sentence because it is used after the preposition «в» or «у» (in/at). There is no
difference between them, except that «в» is more common before nouns that start with a
consonant (e.g. в університеті, в Едмонтоні), while «у» on the contrary is more common before
nouns that start with consonants (e.g. у Львові, у Варшаві – in Warsaw).
The most common ending in the locative case is «і», but as usual there are exceptions.
Let us look at some examples:
Оттава – в Оттаві (Ottawa)
Вашингтон – у Вашигтоні (Washington)
Бостон – у Бостоні (Boston)
Лондон – у Лондоні (London)
Монреаль – у Монреалі (Montreal)
Ванкувер – у Ванкувері (Vancouver)
One notable exception is the cities that end with «к». For example,
Нью-Йорк – у Нью-Йорку (New York)
Донецьк – у Донецьку (Donetsk, a city in eastern Ukraine)
Copyright 2008 by Natalia Kovaliova and Roman Ivashkiv. All rights reserved. This material may be freely copied and
distributed subject to inclusion of the authors’ names and our URL http://www.ualberta.com/~ivashkiv/
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Український Подкаст «Спілкуймося українською»
The Ukrainian Podcast “Let’s Communicate in Ukrainian”
By Natalia Kovaliova and Roman Ivashkiv
University of Alberta
Another important exception is the cities that end with «о», but the good news is that they don’t
change their endings and have the same form both in the nominative and the locatives cases.
For example,
Торонто – в Торонто
Сан-Франциско – у Сан-Франциско
Similarly, when Roman says that he studies in the university («я вчуся в університеті»), after
the preposition “in”/ «в», the word «університет» changes to «університеті». Another usage of
the locative case is also after the preposition “on” – «на» (e.g. стіл – table, but на столі).
Let us also talk about the verbs. Like nouns, Ukrainian verbs also change their endings. But the
system is slightly different. Verbs change depending on who is speaking, or in other words,
depending on the person (I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they). An example that best illustrates this
change in the present tense is the following. In English, we say “I live” and “you live” but when
we want to say “he lives” or “she lives,” we need to remember that in the third person singular
(he, she, it) the ending “s” has to be added to the verb. In Ukrainian, endings are different not
just in the third person singular (like in English), but for all persons.
Therefore, to be able to use the Ukrainian verbs in the present tense, you will first need to learn
the persons.
Singular / ОДНИНА
Я (I)
ТИ (informal you)
ВІН (he), ВОНА (she), ВОНО (it)
Plural / МНОЖИНА
МИ (we)
ВИ (formal you)
ВОНИ (they)
When in the dialogue Roman says, «Я живу у Львові», he uses the verb “to live” – «жити». He
cannot say «Я жити у Львові» because that would sound like “I to live in Lviv.” He changes
the ending of the verb to use it in the first person singular (я – I): «Я живу у Львові».
Eventually, you will see that these endings will be similar for most verbs, but now let us take a
look at the declension chart of the verb “to live”:
Я живу́
ТИ живе́ш
ВІН живе́
МИ живемо́, живе́м
ВИ живете́
ВОНИ живу́ть
An important thing to remember is that all verbs in Ukrainian in their infinitive form end with
«ТИ» which always needs to be dropped before you change the ending.
Copyright 2008 by Natalia Kovaliova and Roman Ivashkiv. All rights reserved. This material may be freely copied and
distributed subject to inclusion of the authors’ names and our URL http://www.ualberta.com/~ivashkiv/
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Український Подкаст «Спілкуймося українською»
The Ukrainian Podcast “Let’s Communicate in Ukrainian”
By Natalia Kovaliova and Roman Ivashkiv
University of Alberta
Natalia uses the word “to study” – «вчитися». In the first person singular, she says, «я вчуся».
Let us take a look at how this verb changes. Note, it is more complicated because of the
reflexive particle «ся» at the end, which, however, should not confuse you at the moment.
Я вчу́ся
ТИ вчи́шся
ВІН, ВОНА вчи́ться
МИ вчимо́ся
ВИ вчите́ся
ВОНИ вча́ться
Eventually, you will learn to identify the pattern and see that verb endings are repetitive, falling
under two basic verbal categories. For now, however, don’t become discouraged if this looks
like a whole lot to memorize.
Copyright 2008 by Natalia Kovaliova and Roman Ivashkiv. All rights reserved. This material may be freely copied and
distributed subject to inclusion of the authors’ names and our URL http://www.ualberta.com/~ivashkiv/
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