Download Earth, Moon and Sun

Moon, Earth, and Sun
SOL 4.7
WHAT IS ROTATION?
Rotation- means to spin around in place.
WHAT CAUSES DAY AND NIGHT?
As the Earth moves around the Sun, it also rotates. This rotation causes
day and night.
Day
Night
During the day the part of the Earth where you live faces the sun. At
night, the part of the Earth where you live faces away from the sun.
One complete rotation of the Earth takes 24 hours or one day.
WHAT IS REVOLUTION?
Revolution- to move in a circular or nearly circular path around
something else.
WHAT CAUSES A YEAR? WHAT CAUSES A MONTH?
The Earth completes one revolution around
the sun every 365 days. (one year)
_______ days or _____ year
The moon completes one revolution around
the Earth about once every month.
______ days
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WHAT IS AN AXIS?
The Earth’s axis is
tilted- not straight up
and down.
Axis-the imaginary line that the
earth spins on. As the Earth revolves
around the Sun, it keeps spinning on
it’s axis.
WHAT CAUSES SEASONS? (see diagram on next page)
The Earth’s tilt causes seasons.
Winter
Spring
The Southern Hemisphere is tilted
toward the sun making the sun’s rays to hit the
Southern Hemisphere more directly, causing colder
temperatures here in the Northern Hemisphere.
Summer
The Earth is tilting back toward the Northern
Hemisphere gradually causing warmer days.
Fall
The Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the sun
causing the sun’s rays to hit the Northern
Hemisphere more directly, making hotter
temperatures here in the Northern Hemisphere.
The Earth is tilting back toward the Southern
Hemisphere, gradually causing cooler days.
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WHAT CAUSES THE PHASES OF THE MOON?
The Moon constantly circles the Earth (revolves around the Earth). As this is
happening we can see different amounts of the lighted half. That makes the
moon look like it has changed shape. These different shapes are called
PHASES OF THE MOON.
Remember that the moon does not make its own light, we see it because
the sun’s rays are lighting it up.
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THE MOON HAS 8 PHASES
HERE IS WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THE SUN:
-it is an average size star (it looks bigger and brighter because it is much
closer to Earth than other stars)
-the Sun is 110 times bigger than Earth
- All 8 planets revolve around the Sun
-it is 4.6 billion years old
-it is not solid, but is made up of gases
-one of the main gases is hydrogen
-the sun uses hydrogen to make light and heat
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HERE IS WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THE MOON:
- the moon is Earth’s nearest neighbor in space
- the moon is 1/4 the size of the Earth
- the moon revolves around the Earth
- the moon is dusty and lifeless
- the temperatures on the moon are either extremely hot or extremely cold
- it takes the moon about 30 days to make one complete revolution around the
Earth
- the moon is a rocky satellite of the Earth (a satellite is on object that moves
in orbit around another larger body)
HERE IS WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THE EARTH:
-Earth is one of 9 planets that (revolve) the sun and make-up or solar system
-Earth the 3rd planet from the sun
-Earth is one of the 4 inner rocky planets
-Earth is 150 kilometers from the Sun
-Earth is a geologically active planet with a surface that is always changing
-Earth has an atmosphere that blocks out most of the Sun’s damaging rays
-Unlike the other inner planets, Earth has a large amount of life supporting air
and water
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WHAT DID EARLY SCIENTISTS BELIEVE ABOUT THE SOLAR SYSTEM?
Ptolemy and Aristotle- believed that the Earth was the center of the
universe. They thought that the Moon, Sun, and the other planets circled the
Earth. They were wrong. Thanks for trying!
Copernicus and Galileo thought the planets revolved around the Sun. They
were right. Way to go guys!
Here is a saying that will help you remember:
Phony Answer
Correct Guess
WHAT ARE THE SURFACE CONDITIONS OF THE EARTH, SUN, AND MOON?
EARTH
SUN
MOON
WHAT DID THE NASA APOLLO MISSIONS CONTRIBUTE TO OUR
UNDERSTANDING OF THE MOON?
Going to the Moon allowed scientist to go to the Moon, take scientific samples,
and learn things that before going to the Moon were just theories.
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