Download Skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems

Skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems
Tissues
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10.
What are the main kinds of tissue?
Tissue that holds parts of the body together _________________________.
Tissue that covers and protects parts of the body ______________________.
Liquid connective tissue________________________.
Kind of tissue that can become shorter__________________.
Group of cells that look alike and perform the same job ____________________.
Kind of connective tissue that connects bone to bone__________________________.
Kind of connective tissue that connects bone to muscle________________________.
Nerve cell_____________________.
Tissue
Type
Function
Muscle
Skeletal
Cardiac
11. Label each of the numbered organs
12.
13.
14.
15.
What is an organ?
What is an organ system?
What is a gland?
Complete the table below.
ORGAN SYSTEMS AND THEIR JOBS
System
Major structures
Skeletal
Muscular
Digestive
Circulatory
Respiratory
Integumentary
Excretory
Nervous
Immune
Endocrine
Reproductive
16. Also known as morphology____________________.
17. Physiology studies the _________________ of body parts.
18. What does it mean to eviscerate someone?
Function
Term
Definition
Superior
a) closer to the top of the limb
Inferior
b) lying face downwards
Anterior
c) towards the head, or above
Posterior
d) back or at the back of
Lateral
e) closer toward the bottom or end of a limb
Medial
f) towards the feet, or below
Proximal
g) front, or in front of
Distal
h) lying face upwards
Supine
i) toward the side of the body, or away from
the midline of the body
Prone
j) toward the midline of the body
Skeletal
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20.
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22.
Describe the 3 types of skeletons
How many bones are in the human body?
80 of the bones make up make up the ____________________.
The axial skeleton is divided into __________________, _______________________ and
____________________.
23. What are 2 main purposes of the axial skeleton?
24. What is the function of a girdle?
25. List 6 jobs of the skeleton.
26. What are the four main categories of bones
27. Complete the chart
ORGANS PROTECTED BY BONES
Organ
Protected by
1. Lungs
2. Brain
3. Heart
4. Spinal cord
5. Teeth
28. The diagram below shows the bones that make up the arm. Study the diagram.
Then, answer the questions that follow.
a. What is the scientific name of the bone that makes up the upper arm? _________________________
b. How many bones make up the lower arm? _________________________________________________
C. What are the scientific names of the bones that make up the lower arm? ____________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
d. What is the scientific name for the bones that make up the wrist? _____________________________
e. What is the scientific name for the bones that make up the fingers? ____________________________
29. Circle the term that best completes each statement for questions 31
through 45.
30. The human skeleton is made up of about (106 / 206) bones.
31. There are three small bones located in the (nose / ears).
32. The largest bone in the body is located in the (thighs / arms).
33. The outer covering of a bone is called the (compact bone / periosteum).
34. The hardest part of a bone is called (compact / spongy) bone.
35. Bones have spongy bone at their (center / ends).
36. The soft part of a bone that has many holes is called the (periosteum / spongy bone).
37. Compact bone is made hard by the mineral (calcium / protein).
38. A good source of calcium is (cereals / dairy products).
39. New blood cells are made in the (red / yellow) bone marrow.
40. Yellow marrow is located in (long / short) bones.
41. Bone marrow fills the spaces in the (compact / spongy) bone.
42. Bone gets its food and oxygen from the (periosteum / spongy bone).
43. Yellow marrow is made up mostly of (calcium / fat).
44. The part of a bone that contains many blood vessels is the (compact bone / periosteum).
45. Label the following diagram
47. The place where two bones meet is called a _______________________________________________ .
48. Most bones are connected at joints by ____________________________________________________ .
49. Joints that do not allow any movement are called _____________________________________ joints.
50. Joints that allow only a small amount of movement are called __________________________ joints.
51. The joints between the ribs and the breastbone are an example of _______________________ joints.
52. Most of the joints in the body are ___________________________________________________ joints.
53. A joint that allows bones to move in most directions is a _______________________________ joint.
54. The bones that make up the wrist are an example of a _________________________________ joint.
55. Joints that allow movement in only one direction are __________________________________ joints.
56. The joint between the skull and the neck is a __________________________________________ joint.
57. Identify the kind of joint shown.
1. _____________________________________
2.
_____________________________________
3. _____________________________________
4.
_____________________________________
58. Identify the following
59.
60.
61.
62. What is a tendon? _____________________________________________________________________
63. What is an extensor? ___________________________________________________________________
64. What is a flexor? ______________________________________________________________________
65.. About how many muscles are there in the human body? ____________________________________
66. What is the difference between tendons and ligaments? ____________________________________
67. What must a muscle do to move a bone? __________________________________________________
68. How do muscles work together to move parts of the body? _________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
69. Is the biceps muscle of the arm a flexor or an extensor? _____________________________________
70. Is the triceps muscle of the arm a flexor or an extensor? _____________________________________
71. Are muscles relaxed or contracted when they move bones? _________________________________
72. Explain how muscles work together
to move the lower arm. ___________
________________________________
________________________________
73. The triceps at the back of the upper
arm is actually a group of muscles.
Why do you think that there is more
than one muscle? ________________
________________________________
74. The kind of muscle found only in the heart is ________________________________________ muscle.
75. Striated muscles are marked with _________________________________________________________ .
76. A kind of striated muscle is also called _____________________________________________ muscle.
77. Many skeletal muscles are ________________________ muscles because you can control their actions.
78. The kind of muscle that is found in the walls of blood vessels and the stomach is called
_________________________________ muscle.
79. Smooth muscle is sometimes called __________________________________ muscle because it causes
movements that you cannot control.
80. Both smooth muscle and ___________________________________________ muscle are involuntary.
81. The term cardiac means __________________________________________________________________ .
82. Classify each of the muscles described in the first column of the table as cardiac muscle,
striated muscle, or smooth muscle by placing a check mark in the correct column.
CLASSIFYING MUSCLES
Description
1. Muscle found in the stomach
2. Muscle found in the heart
3. Muscles that move the fingers
4. Muscles that bend the knee
5. Muscles that turn the head
6. Muscle found in major blood vessels
7. Muscles of the intestines
8. Muscles that move the jaw
83. what are the main parts of the nervous system?
Cardiac
Smooth
Striated
84. Label the parts of the nerve cells shown, using the labels axon, dendrites, cell body,
nucleus, axon tip, dendrite tip, and synapse.
85. Label the parts of the brain on the diagram shown. Write the correct terms in the
spaces provided.
86. What is the main job of the brain? _________________________________________________________
87. What is the name of the largest part of the brain? ___________________________________________
88. What are the two jobs of the largest part of the brain? _______________________________________
89. What is the main job of the cerebellum? ___________________________________________________
90. What is the lower part of the brainstem called? _____________________________________________
91. What is the main job of the lower part of the brainstem? _____________________________________
92. Decide which part of the brain controls each activity listed. Identify the part by
placing a check mark in the correct column.
FUNCTIONS OF THE BRAIN
Activity
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Medulla
1. Memory
2. Sense of smell
3. Walking
4. Breathing
5. Swimming
6. Heart rate
7. Taste
93. Compare and contrast the somatic and autonomic nervous system