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blooming plant of the month ornamental pepper green, purple, “black,” bronze and creamy white. Often the fruit first appears as green or creamy white, then turns yellow, orange, red or purple as it matures. The blooms that precede the fruit are tiny, star shaped and white. DECORATIVE LIFE These plants are sold as both bedding plants (annuals) and houseplants. Indoors, the potted versions typically last from one to three months, depending on environment and care. Capsicum annuum ‘Samba’ Ornamental pepper, Cone pepper Photo: Harster Greenhouses Inc. BOTANICAL NAME Capsicum annuum (Conoides Group) (KAP-si-kum AN-you-um kon-NOY-deez) COMMON NAMES Ornamental pepper, Cone pepper DESCRIPTION Ornamental peppers are leafy, bushy, intricately branched plants that bear small conical multicolored fruits that are typically 1⁄2 inch to 3 inches long, depending on variety. Leaves are dark green, and stems are thin, rigid and brittle. Plants are typically compact, but they can reach 16 or so inches in height. COLORS Fruit hues include red, orange, yellow, AVAILABILITY Supplies vary by grower, but potted ornamental pepper plants are generally available from July through December. in-store and consumer care LIGHT Indoors, these plants require bright light, including up to four hours per day of exposure to direct sun. WATER Ornamental peppers need evenly moist soil. Water them thoroughly when the soil surface is dry to the touch, occasionally by immersing the pot(s) in water, and allow water to drain. TEMPERATURE Indoors, these plants prefer cool to moderate temperatures (60 F to 75 F). HUMIDITY Native to the tropics, ornamental peppers prefer humid environments. Place pot on a pebble tray or frequently mist leaves in dry indoor environments. Super Floral Retailing has created this page for the education of store-level employees. To download a reprintable PDF, please go to www.superfloralretailing.com and select “Current Issue.” ETHYLENE SENSITIVITY These plants are moderately sensitive to ethylene gas. FERTILIZER Ornamental pepper plants are usually offered by suppliers in a fertilized state. However, you can feed them weekly, semimonthly or monthly, depending on need, through December, with a balanced houseplant food or a water-soluble tomato fertilizer. GROOMING Cut or pinch off fruit as it shrivels, and trim branches if leaves die. REPOTTING / REBLOOMING These plants are grown from seeds primarily as annuals, so many consumers discard them after the fruit shrivels or falls. challenges PESTS Ornamental peppers are susceptible to aphids, whiteflies and spider mites. Consumers can treat infested plants with insecticidal soap, but because these plants are short lived by nature, advise them to consider discarding infested plants. FUNGI/VIRUSES These plants are slightly susceptible to viruses and fungal problems that can cause gray mold and/or black spots on leaves. Advise customers to dispose of diseased plants. FRUIT OR LEAF DROP, PREMATURELY SHRIVELED FRUIT Causes include exposure to high levels of ethylene gas; insufficient light, humidity and/or fertilizer; or an indoor environment that is too warm. purchasing tips edibility Although the fruits of these houseplants are, technically, edible, the plants are produced primarily as decoratives, and the fruits are not intended to be eaten. Because they are grown as ornamentals rather than vegetable plants, they may be treated with pesticides or other chemicals that are not suitable for edible plants (check with your supplier). These small peppers are intensely hot due to a high level of capsaicin, especially the immature white and green ones. n Buy plants that display a number of well-formed, plump and firm fruits. n Make sure plants are not water stressed (wilty, yellowing and/or falling leaves, shriveled fruit). Also check for black spots (fungus, virus) on leaves and fruit. n Inspect plants for pests including aphids, whiteflies and spider mites. Photo: Harster Greenhouses Inc. 20 super floral retailing october ’13 www.superfloralretailing.com fun facts WHAT’S IN A NAME The genus name “Capsicum” is derived from the Greek “kaptos,” meaning to bite. The species name “annuum” is Latin for annual. “Conoides” means conelike. ALL IN THE FAMILY Capsicum is a member of the Solanaceae (nightshade) family. Close relatives include Solanum (potato, eggplant, Jerusalem cherry), Lycopersicon (tomato), Petunia, Physalis (Chinese lantern) and Nicotiana (tobacco). In addition to the Conoides Group of ornamental/cone peppers, Capsicum annuum comprises four other groups of peppers: • Grossum Group - bell peppers, sweet peppers, pimento • Longum Group - cayenne peppers, chili peppers, banana peppers, paprika • Cerasiforme Group - cherry peppers • Fasciculatum Group - red cone peppers, cluster peppers. HOME SWEET HOME Capsicum is native to tropical Central and South America. ‘Salsa’ assortment ‘Medusa’ ‘Santos Orange’ (Red, Dark Orange, Yellow, Yellow/Red) Ball Horticultural Company Greenex United States / Ex-Plant A/S Greenex United States / Ex-Plant A/S ‘Santos Flare’ ‘Cupala’ Greenex United States / Ex-Plant A/S Greenex United States / Ex-Plant A/S ‘Padilla Scarlet’ ‘Paracho’ Greenex United States / Ex-Plant A/S Greenex United States / Ex-Plant A/S ‘Acapulco Orange’ Greenex United States / Ex-Plant A/S ‘Red Missile’ Ball Horticultural Company ‘Acapulco Purple’ ‘Sangria’ Greenex United States / Ex-Plant A/S Ball Horticultural Company www.superfloralretailing.com ‘Joker’ ‘Harlequin’ Greenex United States / Ex-Plant A/S Greenex United States / Ex-Plant A/S ‘Masquerade’ Ball Horticultural Company sfr super october ’13 floral retailing 21