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CHAPTER 16/SECTION 1 ~ THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION TEST REVIEW ASTRONOMY MATCHING: 1. First to theorize that the Earth and other celestial bodies revolved around the Sun in concentric orbits. 2. Invented the thermometer to measure atmospheric temperature. 3. Theorized that in a vacuum (without air), two objects would fall at the same rate of speed regardless of mass. 4. By applying mathematics, determined that the Earth and other planets revolved around the Sun in elliptical orbits. 5. Calculated the speed of sound. 6. Invented the telescope which he would use to prove heliocentric theory. 7. Explained how the planets remain in orbit around the Sun with his A. B. C. D. Galileo Galilei Johannes Kepler Isaac Newton Nicolaus Copernicus Universal Law of Gravitation. 8. Developed three laws of motion which included: an object in motion stays in motion and an object at rest stays at rest. MEDICAL SCIENCE MATCHING 9. Determined that the heart was the blood moving organ, not the liver as was previously believed 10. Used the microscope to discover microscopic organisms (bacteria)in teeth scrapings 11. Created a vaccine to combat Small Pox. 12. Accurately diagramed the human circulatory system. 13. Created a seven-volume work On the Fabric of the Human Body which contained detailed anatomical illustrations. 14. Invented the microscope. 15. First person to study red blood cells using the microscope. CHEMISTRY MATCHING: 16. Named oxygen 17. Created a temperature scale where water freezes at 0° and 100°. 18. Challenged Aristotle’s belief that there are only four elements. 19. Invented the barometer to measure atmospheric pressure 20. Discovered oxygen 21. Proposes that matter was composed of smaller primary particles. 22. Stated that matter cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change shapes. 23. Created a temperature scale where water freezes at 32° and boils at 212° 24. Developed a law to explain the relationship between pressure and volume. 25. Considered one of the greatest pioneers of chemistry. A. Edward Jenner B. Andreas Vesilus C. Antoni van Leeuwenhoek D. William Harvey E. Zacharias Janssen F. G. H. I. J. K. Joseph Priestley Antoine Lavoisier Evangelista Torricelli Gabriel Fahrenheit Anders Celsius Robert Boyle 26. What was the Scientific Revolution? 27. Who contributed to the development of the Scientific Method? (2 names) 28. Define “Scientific Method”: 29. Explain geocentric theory. 30. Explain heliocentric theory. 31. Describe scientific thought before the Renaissance? 32. What are six factors that led to the Scientific Revolution? 33. How did the Scientific Revolution change how people viewed the universe and their place in it? 34. What were five results of the Scientific Revolution? 35. Explain the Scientific Method.