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Volume 2 Issue1 Republic of the Philippines Department of Agriculture BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION OFFICE Date Released: August 23, 2006 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Inside this issue Page Applications: Corn BIOSEED 9909……………………………………………………….. BIOSEED 9888…………………………………………………….…. CZ192………………………………………………………………… CZ892-nm……………………………………………………………. CZ280………………………………………………………………… CY888-nm……………………………………………………………. PCI001………………………………………………………………… 92P310………………………………………………………………… DE907………………………………………………………………… 92C112C……………………………………………………………… 91P274C……………………………………………………………… 01R054……………………………………………………………….. CZ076-nm………………………………………………………….… CZ172-nm………………………………………………………….… BIOSEED 9899…………………………………………………….… Rice Arize H64……………………………………………………………. Bitter Gourd Bonito F1…………………………………………………………….. Notice of Withdrawal of Application for Certificate of Plant Variety Protection…………………………………………………………………….. Test Guidelines Corn…………………………………………………………………... Rice……………………………………………………………………. Vegetable Legumes (Cowpea, Yardlong Beans, Bush Sitao)…………………………… Eggplant……………………………………………………………... Watermelon……………………………………………………….… Onion and Shallot…………………………………………………... Tomato……………………………………………………………..… 1 2 4 5 7 8 10 12 13 14 15 16 18 20 21 17 11 23 24 40 75 93 107 127 147 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Application Number Filing Date Applicant Crop Proposed Denomination Applications : 06-0040 : March 28, 2006 : BIOSEED Research Philippines, Inc. (BRPI) National Highway, Katangawan, General Santos City 9500 Philippines : Corn : 9909 is a modified single cross hybrid Description of the variety : a) Leaf Anthocyanin Medium (score 5) b) Foliage Light green erect leaves (score 1) c) Ears Medium sized uniform ears completely filled up to the tip d) Silk Light purple e) Anther color Light brown with light coloration at glume base f) Grain texture 12-14 kernel rows (some time 16 kernel row also); flat grains semi flint texture g) Cob color White (score 1) h) Prolific Behavior If hybrid is planted spaciously then it bears double ears per plant i) Disease reaction Very good tolerance for Stalk and Ear rots Filipino Translation Mga Katangian ng mga Barayti Ang BIO 9909 ay isang modified single cross hybrid; a) Anthocyanin sa dahon bahagyang matingkad (score 5) b) Kadahunan mapusyaw na berde at tuwid ang mga dahon (score 1) c) Anther mapusyaw ng tsokolate at may bahagyang kulay sa glume base d) Buhok ng puso mapusyaw na ube e) Prolific Behavior nagdadalawang puso bawat halaman kapag malapad ang agwat ng tanim f) Puso Bahagyang kalakihan, halos magkakasinlaki ang mga puso, may 12-14 na hanay ng butil (16 pa kung minsan). 1 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Applicatons g) Kulay at kalidad ng butil lapad ng mga butil at semi-flint. h) Kulay ng busil/busal puti (score 1) i) Reaksyon sa mga sakit at peste may higit ng mabuting tolerance sa Stalk at Ear rots. --00-Application Number Filing Date Applicant Crop Proposed Denomination : 06-0041 : March 28, 2006 : BIOSEED Research Philippines, Inc. (BRPI) National Highway, Katangawan, General Santos City 9500 Philippines : Corn : BIOSEED 9888 Description of the variety : a) Hybrid Type 9888 is a 3 - way cross hybrid b) Leaf Anthocyanin light (score 5) c) Foliage Dark green slightly curved leaves (score 3) d) Ears Big ear sized fully covered with husk leaves e) Grain color and Texture BIO 9888 has bold orange yellow flint kernel f) Silk Silk emerge as green and once expose to sunlight it will change into slightly purple color 2 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Applications g) Anther color Brown h) Grain texture 12-14 kernel rows; orange yellow flint texture i) Cob color white (score 1) j) Prolific Behavior mostly BIO 9888 produce single ear per plant k) Disease reaction good tolerance for disease and insect pest. Filipino Translation Mga Katangian ng mga Barayti Ang BIO 9888 ay isang 3-way cross hybrid; a) Anthocyanin sa dahon maputla (score 5) b) Kadahunan Matingkad na berde na may bahagyang kurbadong mga dahon (score 3). c) Anther Kulay tsokolate d) Buhok ng puso lumalabas sa puso na kulay berde ngunit nagiging mapusyaw na ube kapag nasikatan ng araw. e) Prolificacy ang BIO 9888 ay may isang puso kada isang halaman. f) Puso malalaki ang puso na may 12-14 na hanay ng butil at kumpletong natatakpan ng dahong-balat. g) Kulay at kalidad ng butyl matingkad na magkahalong dilaw at dalandan na flint. h) Kulay ng busil/busal puti (score 1) i) Reaksyon sa mga sakit at peste may mabuting tolerance 3 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Application Number Filing Date Applicant Crop Proposed Denomination Applications : 06-0042 : March 28, 2006 : BIOSEED Research Philippines, Inc. (BRPI) National Highway, Katangawan, General Santos City 9500 Philippines : Corn : CZ192 Description of the variety : a) Hybrid Type CZ192 is a inbred line b) Leaf Anthocyanin Medium (score 3) c) Foliage Dark green slightly curved or semi erect leaves d) Ears Medium and uniform ears size e) Silk Dark purple f) Anther color Medium anthocyanin coloration of anthers g) Grain texture 12 kernel rows sometimes 14 kernel rows h) Cob color white (score 1) i) Prolific Behavior develop the second ear in high field management j) Disease reaction good tolerance for foliar disease Filipino Translation Mga Katangian ng mga Barayti Ang CZ192 ay isang inbred line. a) Anthocyanin sa dahon mapusyaw na kulay ( score 3) b) Kadahunan matingkad na berde at bahagyang kurbadong mga dahon c) Anther mapusyaw na kulay ng anthocyanin sa mga anthers d) Buhok ng puso matingkad na ube e) Prolificacy nagdadalawa ang puso kapag maganda ang pag- aalaga 4 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Applications f) Puso Bahagyang kalakihan at halos magkakasinlaki g) Kulay at kalidad ng butyl 12 hanggang 14 kernel na hanay ng butil. h) Kulay ng busil/busal puti (score 1) i) Reaksyon sa mga sakit at peste may mabuting tolerance sa mga sakit ng dahon --00-Application Number Filing Date Applicant Crop Proposed Denomination : 06-0043 : March 28, 2006 : BIOSEED Research Philippines, Inc. (BRPI) National Highway, Katangawan, General Santos City 9500 Philippines : Corn : CZ892-nm Description of the variety : a) Hybrid Type CZ892-nm is an inbred line b) Leaf Anthocyanin Anthocyanin coloration of the sheath is medium (score 5) c) Foliage Light green erect leaves (score 1) d) Ears Small conical e) Silk Purple silk (score 7-9) f) Grain texture Yellow semi flint 5 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Applications g) Cob color White h) Prolific Behavior good percentage of producing two ears per plant i) Disease reaction good tolerance for stalk rot Filipino Translation Mga Katangian ng mga Barayti Ang CZ892-nm ay isang inbred line. a) Anthocyanin bahagyang matingkad na anthocyanin sa leafsheath (score 5) b) Kadahunan mapusyaw na berde at tuwid na mga dahon (score 1). c) Anther bahagyang matingkad na kulay ube ang anthers ngunit walang kulay ang glume base d) Buhok ng puso Matingkad na ube na sakop lahat ang buhok (score 7-9) e) Prolificacy maraming halaman ang nagdadalawang puso bawat halaman. f) Puso maliliit na conical g) Kulay at kalidad ng butil Dilaw na semi- flint h) Kulay ng busil/busal puti (score 1) i) Reaksyon sa mga sakit at peste mabuting tolerance sa stalk rot. 6 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Application Number Filing Date Applicant Crop Proposed Denomination Applications : 06-0044 : March 28, 2006 : BIOSEED Research Philippines, Inc. (BRPI) National Highway, Katangawan, General Santos City 9500 Philippines : Corn : CZ280 Description of the variety : a) Hybrid Type CZ280 is an inbred line b) Foliage Dark green erect leaves slightly curve (score 3) c) Ears Long ears tapered on tip and some has extended growth on tip d) Silk Medium purple (score 7) e) Anther color Dark brown anther color and coloration at glume base is absent f) Grain texture Yellow orange flint g) Cob color White h) Prolific Behavior no prolification always single ear per plant i) Anthocyanin on brace roots week (score 3) j) Disease reaction excellent tolerance for stalk rot Filipino Translation Mga Katangian ng mga Barayti Ang CZ280 ay isang inbred line. a) Kadahunan matingkad na berde at bahagyang kurbadong mga dahon (score 3). b) Bulaklak bahagyang kalakihang bulaklak na may mahabang katawan at malilit na sanga c) Anther Matingkad na tsokolate ang kulay ng anther at walang kulay ang glume base d) Buhok sa puso bahagyang matingkad na ube (score 7) e) Prolificacy palaging isang puso bawat halaman 7 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Applications f) Puso Mahahabang puso na makitid sa dulo at may g) Kulay at kalidad ng butil magkahalong dilaw at dalandan na flint h) Kulay ng busil/busal puti (score 1) i) Anthocyanin sa brace roots mapusyaw na kulay (score 3) j) Reaksyon sa mga sakit at peste maasahang tolerance sa stalk rot. --00-Application Number Filing Date Applicant Crop Proposed Denomination : 06-0045 : March 28, 2006 : BIOSEED Research Philippines, Inc. (BRPI) National Highway, Katangawan, General Santos City 9500 Philippines : Corn : CY888-nm Description of the variety : a) Hybrid Type CY888-nm is an inbred line b) Leaf Anthocyanin absent (score 1) c) Foliage green leaves strongly curved (score 7) d) Ears Cylindrical ear with good diameter e) Silk whitish green f) Anther color Brown g) Grain texture 8 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Applications orange flint h) Cob color white (score 1) i) Prolific Behavior Single ear per plant j) Disease reaction excellent tolerance for stalk rot Filipino Translation Mga Katangian ng mga Barayti Ang CY888-nm ay isang inbred line a) Anthocyanin sa dahon walang makikitang kulay (score 1) b) Kadahunan berde at matindi ang kurbada ng mga dahon (score 7) c) Bulaklak (Tassel ) kaunti ngunit mahahabang sanga ng bulaklak d) Anther kulay tsokolate e) Buhok ng puso berdeng may halong puti f) Prolificacy isang puso bawat halaman g) Puso hugis cylindrical na may katabaan h) Kulay at kalidad ng butil kulay dalandan na flint i) Kulay ng busil/busal puti (score 1) j) Reaksyon sa mga sakit at peste may mabuting tolerance sa mga sakit ng dahon ngunit mahina laban sa stress 9 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Application Number Filing Date Applicant Crop Proposed Denomination Applications : 06-0046 : March 28, 2006 : BIOSEED Research Philippines, Inc. (BRPI) National Highway, Katangawan, General Santos City 9500 Philippines : Corn : PCI001 Description of the variety : a) Hybrid Type PCI001 is an inbred line b) Foliage Light green erect leaves (score 1) c) Ears Medium ear size d) Silk Light green e) Anther color Light green with light coloration at glume base f) Grain texture Yellow orange flint g) Cob color white h) Prolific Behavior tendency to develop second ear i) Anthocyanin on brace roots week (score 3) j) Disease reaction excellent tolerance for stalk rot Filipino Translation Mga Katangian ng mga Barayti Ang PCI001 ay isang inbred line. a) Kadahunan mapusyaw na berde at tuwid na mga dahon (score 1). b) Bulaklak tuwid ang mga sanga ( score 1) c) Anther mapusyaw na berde at may mapusyaw ding kulay ang glume base d) Buhok ng puso mapusyaw na berde (score 1) e) Prolificacy may kakayahang magbigay ng ikalawang puso 10 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Applications f) Puso May kalakihan g) Kulay at kalidad ng butil magkahalong dilaw at dalandan na flint h) Kulay ng busil/busal puti (score 1) i) Anthocyanin sa brace roots mapusyaw na kulay (score 3) j) Reaksyon sa mga sakit at peste maasahang tolerance sa stalk rot. --00-Application Number Filing Date Applicant Crop Proposed Denomination : 06-0047 : June 7, 2006 : East-West Seed Company Inc. Km 54 Cagayan Valley Rd., Bgy. Sampaloc, San Rafael 3008, Bulacan : Bittergourd, Ampalaya : Bonito F1 Description of the variety : “Bonito F1” is a very vigourous and high-yielding native type bittergourd hybrid. The closest variety is the open-pollinated farmers variety “Ilocos native(OP)”. However, “Bonito F1 consistently gave higher yield than “Ilocos native(OP)”. Under normal and similar growing conditions where we compared the two varieties, “Bonito F1” gave and average of 44 fruits per plant while “Ilocos native(OP)” has an average of 20 fruits per plant. Fruits of “Bonito F1” are slightly longer with an average length of 11 cm compared to 9cm of “Ilocos native(OP)”. Bonito F1 fruits are more uniform in color (medium green) and in shape (elongated) as compared to “Ilocos native(OP)” which is variable in color (lightgreen to medium green) and shape (high round to elongate) 11 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Applications Filipino Translation Mga Katangian ng Binhi Ang Bonito F1 ay isang uri ng native ampalaya hybrid na may napakagandang bulas ng halaman at nagbibigay ng napakataas na ani. Maikukumpara ito sa open pollinated na variety na ginagamit ng mga magkakasala na kilala bilang “Ilocos native OP”. Ngunit ang Bonito F1 ay naiiba sa “Ilocos native OP” dahil ito ay may mas makapal na usbong at nagbibigay ng higit na mas mataas na ani kumpara sa “Ilocos native OP”. Sa parehong kondisyon ng pagtatanim kung saan ikinumpara ang dalawang uri, ang Bonito F1 ay nagbibigay ng mahigit kumulang na 44 bunga kada halaman samantalang ang “Ilocos native OP” ay nagbibigay lamang na mahigit kumulang na 20 bunga kada halaman. Ang bunga ng Bonito F1 ay mahaba ng kaunti at may sukat ng labing isa (11) sentimetro kumpara sa siyam (9) na sentimetrong haba ng “Ilocos native OP”. Kapansin pansin rin sa mga bunga ng Bonito F1 ang pare-parehong berdeng kulay at pahabang hugis kumpara sa “Ilocos native OP” na iba-iba ang berdeng kulay at hugis (bilugan hangang pahaba). --00-Application Number Filing Date Applicant Crop Proposed Denomination : 06-0048 : June 16, 2006 : Tropical Seed Genetics Sciences Incorporation Macnit, Maladag, Malungon, Sarangani Province : Corn : 92P310 Varietal Characteristics : 92P310 is a tall corn inbred line with long droopy light green leaves. It has sparse tassel with few tassel branches and purple glume. It has prolific tendency. Stalks are big predominantly green but with shades of purple. It has high density yellow orange flint kernels of medium size. Under Malandag condition days to silk is 58 days and days to pollen shed is 60 days. Silk is predominantly cream with light purpling of the tip. Root system excellent with prominent adventitious roots. Husk cover excellent. Produces side cobs. Excellent combine 12 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Applications Filipino Translation Mga Katangian ng Binhi 92P310 ay matangkad na klase ng mais na inbred line na may mahabang nanlupaypay na dahon na kulay hilaw na berde. Ito rin ay may konting tassel na pinagbubuklod rin ng konting sanga at kulay lila ang glume nito. May kakayahan din itong magbunga ng marami. Ang tangkay nito ay malalaki na pinatingkad ng kulay nitong berde na may guhit na lila. Nagtataglay din ito ng marami at magkakadikit-dikit na kulay yellow orange flint kernels na katamtaman ang laki. Sa Malandag na kalagayan nito lumalabas ang silk nito limangput walung araw at animnapung araw ang paglabas ng pollen nito. Ang silk nito ay kulay krema na may halong lila sa dulo nito. Ang mga ugat nito ay napakagaling dahil sa taglay nitong prominenting adventitious roots. Ang balat ng bunga nito ay maganda at kaaya-aya. Nagbibigay din ito ing side cobs. At may magandang kakayahan as combiner. --00-Application Number Filing Date Applicant Crop Proposed Denomination : 06-0049 : June 16, 2006 : Tropical Seed Genetics Sciences Incorporation Macnit, Maladag, Malungon, Sarangani Province : Corn : DE907 Varietal Characteristics : DE907 is a corn inbred line with semi-erect light green leaves. It has medium plant height and medium size stalks of good quality. It has medium size hard yellow orange flint kernels of excellent quality. Husk cover is excellent. It is good male having many tassel branches with good pollen yield. Silk and tassel are purple. It has prolific tendency with prefix de meaning double ear. It has excellent root system. The line sheds pollen is 53 days and silks in 54 days under Malandag conditions. It is an excellent combiner. 13 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Applications Filipino Translation Mga Katangian ng Binhi Ang DE907 ay isang mais na inbred line na may medyo nakatayo na dahon na kulay hilaw na berde. Ito ay may katamtaman ang taas at katamtaman ang sukat ng mga tangkay nito pero maganda ang kalidad. Nagtataglay din ito ng matigas na butyl na may katamtaman ang sukat at kulay yellow orange flint kernels na may magandang katangian. Maganda din ang balat ng bunga nito. Dahil sa taglay nitong maraming tassel at magandang pollen mainam itong gawing lalaki sa breeding. Ang silk at tassel ay kulay lila. May kapasidad na magbigay ng tig-dalawang bunga. Maganda ang mga ugat nito. Lumalabas ang pollen nito limangput tatlong arawat ang silk nito ay limangput apat na araw sa ilalaim ng Malandag na kalagayan. Ito ay magandang combiner. --00-Application Number Filing Date Applicant Crop Proposed Denomination : 06-0050 : June 16, 2006 : Tropical Seed Genetics Sciences Incorporation Macnit, Maladag, Malungon, Sarangani Province : Corn : 92C112C Varietal Characteristics : 92C112C is a corn inbred line with narrow semi-erect light green, thick waxy leaves. It has big stalks of excellent quality. It has short compact tassel that has good pollen yield. It has medium size ears with excellent tip filling bearing hard flint orange kernels with 16 to 18 kernel rows per ear. Husk cover is short but acceptable. Stay green quality is excellent; Leaves remain green at harvest. It‟s a late line-days to shed is 62 days and days to silk is 60 days under Malandag, Malungon, Sarangani Province conditions. 14 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Applications Filipino Translation Mga Katangian ng Binhi Ang 92C112C ay isang mais na inbred line na may makitid, medyo nakatayo, makapal, at makintab na dahon na kulay hilaw na berde. Malalaki ang tangkay nito na maganda din ang kalidad. Ito ay may maikli at magkadikit-dikit na sanga ng tassel na nagbibigay ng magandang pollen. Katamtaman lang ang laki ng bunga nito. Matitigas at kulay dalandann ang butyl nito (flint kernels) na may labinanim hanggang labinwalong hanay ng butyl sa bawat bunga. Ang balat ng binga ay maikli. Nananatiling kulay berde ang mag dahon nito kapag inaani. Ito ay isang uri ng line na huli kung mahinog. Lumalabas ang pollen animnaput dalawang araw at ang silk ay animnapung araw sa Malandag na kalagayan. --00-Application Number Filing Date Applicant Crop Proposed Denomination : 06-0051 : June 16, 2006 : Tropical Seed Genetics Sciences Incorporation Macnit, Maladag, Malungon, Sarangani Province : Corn : 91P274C Varietal Characteristics : 91P274C is a corn inbred line of medium plant height with semi-erect light green leaves. It has big tassel with good pollen yield. Silks and tassel color are predominantly light purple. It has short ears but with big diameter having 18 kernel rows. It has deep orange hard flint kernels of excellent quality. Husk cover is good. Stay green excellent. Fair for roots. Days to silk is 59 days and days to shed is 60 days under Malandag, Malungon, Sarangani Province conditions. 15 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Applications Filipino Translation Mga Katangian ng Binhi Ang 91P274C ay isang mais na inbred line na may katamtaman ang taas at medyo nakatayo na dahon na kulay berde. Malalaki ang mga tassel nito na nagbibigay ng magandang pollen. Ang silk at tassel ay kulay hilaw na lila. Maiikli ang bunga pero malaki ang diyametro na nagtataglay ng labinwalong hanay. May matigas at magandang uri ng flint kernels ito kulay dalandan (deep orange). Maganda nag balat ng biunga nito. Nanatiling berde ang kulay ng kabuuang tanim na ito kahit malapit na itong aanihin. Kainaman ang ugat nito. Lumalabas ang silk nito limamput siyam na araw sa MAlandag na Kalagayan. --00-Application Number Filing Date Applicant Crop Proposed Denomination : 06-0052 : June 16, 2006 : Tropical Seed Genetics Sciences Incorporation Macnit, Maladag, Malungon, Sarangani Province : Corn : 01R054 Varietal Characteristics : 01R054 is a medium tall corn inbred line with semi droopy leaves. It has excellent root system with very prominent adventitious roots. It has medium size cylindrical ears on good husk cover. It has medium size yellow orange flint kernels. It has very big tassels with very high pollen yield. Weakness is early lower leaf drying due to leaf blight infection. It is an excellent combiner. 16 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Applications Filipino Translation Mga Katangian ng Binhi 01R054 ay isang mais na inbred line na may katamtaman ang taas. Ang mga dahon ay medyo nanlupaypay. Ang mga ugat nito ay maganda na may prominenteng adventitious na ugat (prominent adventitious roots). Ang bunga nito ay may katamtaman ang laki na may magandang balat.Ito ay may katamtaman na butil (flint kernels) na kulay yellow orange. And tassel ay malaki at maraming pollen. Ang dahon sa ibabang parte ay mapapansin na madaling matuyo dala ng sakit na leaf blight. Kaaya-ayang combiner. --00-- Application Number Filing Date Applicant Crop Proposed Denomination : 06-0053 : June 27, 2006 : BAYER Crop Science Incorporation 3/F Bayer House, Canlubang Industrial Estate, Canlubang, Laguna, Philippines : Rice : Arize H64 Varietal Characteristics : Arize H64 hybrid rice, under favorable condition, has potential yield of 7.5 tons per hectare. It has a maturity range of 95 to 112 days. Approximate plant height is 116 cm. It has the following grain qualities: 25.49% amylose, G.T. Score of 5.1 I/L/HI, 67.8 Milling Recovery (Grade 1), 49.5% Headrice (Grade 1). It has a better sensory quality than IR 64, PSB Rc72H and PSB Rc18. Arize H64 shows intermediate resistance to Rice Blast and Sheath Blight and shows low incidence of yellow and white stemborer infestation. 17 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Applications Filipino Translation Mga Katangian ng Binhi Ang Arize H64 hybrid rice ay may potensyal na ani na 7.5 tonelada bawat ektarya kapag mainam ang kondisyon. Maari nang anihin ito sa loob ng 95 hanggang 112 araw pagkatapos ipunla. Tinatantiyang nasa 116 sentimetro ang taas nito. Ang mga sumusunod ay ang kalidadng butil. 25.49% amylase, G.T. Score na 5.1 I/L/HI, 67.8%, Milling Recovery (Grade 1), 49.5% Headrice (Grade 1) (Grade 2), Mas malambot at masarap ang lasa kaysa IR64, PSBRc 72H and PSBRc 18. May katamtamang tibay sa Rice Blast and Sheath Blight (SHB) and Arize. --00-- Application Number Filing Date Applicant Crop Proposed Denomination : 06-0054 : August 9, 2006 : BIOSEED Research Philippines, Inc. (BRPI) National Highway, Katangawan, General Santos City 9500 Philippines : Corn : CZ076-nm Description of the variety : a) Hybrid Type CZ076-nm is an inbred line b) Glume base 1 c) Anthocyanin Coloration of glumes excluding base 3 d) Silk color 5 e) Leaf curvature 3 f) Leaf angle 3 18 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Applications g) Stem: degree of zigzag 1 h) Anthocyanin coloration on leaf sheath covering the upper ear 1 i) Presence of Second ear 5 j) Anther color 3 k) Spikelets density 3 Filipino Translation Mga Katangian ng mga Barayti Ang CZ076 ay isang inbred line. a) Anthocyanin sa Glume base wala (1) b) Anthocyanin ng Glume na hindi kasali ang puno mahina (3) c) Buhok ng puso medyo mahina (5) d) Kurba ng dahon bahagyang kurbado (3) e) “Angle” ng Dahon katamtamang layo (3) f) Zigzag ng puno wala (1) g) Anthocyanin ng dahong bumabalot sa unang bunga wala (1) h) Pagkakaroon ng pangalawang bunga meron (5) i) Anthocyanin ng Anther mahina (3) j) Density ng spikelets katamtaman (3) k) Bulaklak nagkakaroon ng 9-11 sanga 19 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Application Number Filing Date Applicant Crop Proposed Denomination Applications : 06-0055 : August 9, 2006 : BIOSEED Research Philippines, Inc. (BRPI) National Highway, Katangawan, General Santos City 9500 Philippines : Corn : CZ172-nm Description of the variety : a) Hybrid Type CZ172-nm is an inbred line b) Glume base 1 c) Anthocyanin Coloration of glumes excluding base 1 d) Silk color 5 e) Leaf curvature 1 f) Leaf angle 3 g) Stem: degree of zigzag 1 h) Anthocyanin coloration on leaf sheath covering the upper ear 1 i) Presence of Second ear 5 Filipino Translation Mga Katangian ng mga Barayti Ang CZ172-nm ay isang inbred line. a) Anthocyanin sa Glume base wala (1) b) Anthocyanin ng Glume na hindi kasali ang puno wala (1) c) Buhok ng puso medyo mahina (5) d) Kurba ng dahon patayo (1) e) “Angle” ng Dahon katamtamang layo (3) 20 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Applications f) Zigzag ng puno bahagya (3) g) Anthocyanin ng dahong bumabalot sa unang bunga wala (1) h) Pagkakaroon ng pangalawang bunga meron (5) --00-Application Number Filing Date Applicant Crop Proposed Denomination : 06-0056 : August 9, 2006 : BIOSEED Research Philippines, Inc. (BRPI) National Highway, Katangawan, General Santos City 9500 Philippines : Corn : BIOSEED 9899 Description of the variety : a) Hybrid Type BIOSEED 9899 is three way cross yellow corn hybrid st b) 1 leaf anthocyanin of sheath 7 st c) 1 leaf: Shape of tip 7 d) Anthocyanin coloration at glume base 3 e) Anthocyanin Coloration of glumes excluding base 5 f) Anther color 3 21 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Applications g) Silk color 5 h) Leaf curvature 3 i) Leaf angle 3 j) Anthocyanin coloration on leaf sheath covering the upper ear 1 Filipino Translation Mga Katangian ng mga Barayti Ang BIOSEED 9899 ay isang 3 way hybrid. a) Anthocyanin ng dahon matingkad (7) b) Hugis ng unang dahon ispatula (5) c) Anthocyanin sa Glume base mahina (3) d) Anthocyanin ng glume na hindi kasali ang puno matingkad (5) e) Anthocyanin ng Anther mahina (3) f) Buhok ng puso mahina (5) g) Kurba ng dahon bahagyang kurbado (3) h) Anthocyanin ng dahong bumabalot sa unang bunga wala (1) 22 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 NOTICE OF WITHDRAWAL OF APPLICATION FOR CERTIFICATE OF PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION The public is informed that „Precious’, a pineapple variety applied for Certificate of Plant Variety Protection by Mt. Kitranglad AgriDevelopment Corporation on 30 August 2005 was withdrawn on 30 June 2006. 23 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Corn (Zea mays L.) I. Coverage of These Guidelines The guidelines for the conduct of distinctness, uniformity and stability tests (DUS) described herein shall apply to all types of varieties of corn, Zea mays L. (inbred, single-cross hybrid, double-cross hybrid, three-way cross hybrid and open-pollinated varieties). II. Plant Propagation Material Requirement Upon application, 3,000 viable grains of inbred, hybrid and open pollinated varieties (OPV) together with the application should be submitted to the Plant Variety Protection Office (PVPO) as required in RA 9168. Half of the amount will serve as depository; the rest will be used in the DUS tests. Applicants outside the Philippines must make sure that all custom requirements regarding seed exportation/importation are complied with. The PVP Board will determine the additional quantity of seeds to be submitted should the need arise. For open-pollinated varieties, three-way and double-cross hybrids, greater quantities of seeds would be needed since these are genetically more variable than single-cross hybrids and inbred lines. Seeds must be of high quality and purity, i.e., high germination capacity (at least 90%), free from any pest or diseases, and high level of genetic purity. The level of purity will depend on the type of material being applied for protection. Higher level of genetic purity requirement will be imposed on inbred lines and single-cross hybrids because these materials are usually more uniform than other types. The seeds should not have undergone any form of treatment unless otherwise allowed by the PVP board in certain circumstances. In such cases, the details of the seed treatment must be clearly described. III. Conduct of Tests The minimum duration of the DUS tests should be two similar growing seasons. The tests should be conducted in at least one accredited DUS Testing Center which would be determined by the PVP Board. To facilitate the conduct of the tests, the applicant may submit data from a growing environment similar to that of an accredited DUS testing center where the tests would be carried out to replace one of the required growing seasons. The comparative growing trials must be carried out under optimum growing conditions recommended for corn. Each trial should have at least two replications in randomized complete block design. The minimum total number of plants to be tested is 40 for inbred lines and single-cross hybrids, and 80 for other types. For the inbred test, plot size is 1.5m x 5.0m; each plot consisting of two 5-m rows spaced 0.75 m apart. For the other types, each plot is 3.0m x 5.0m consisting of four 5-m rows (0.75 apart). 24 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines There should be 26 hills/row with 2 seeds/hill to be thinned out to one plant/hill one 10-14 days after emergence. For test of distinctness that involves enzyme electrophoresis, at least 20 coleoptiles should be analyzed. For harmonization with UPOV-member countries, the procedure for isoenzyme analysis for Zea mays L. (Reference TG/2/6) should be used. A copy is available at the PVP office upon request. IV. Methods and Observations The different characteristics described in the Table of Characteristics (Part VII) should be used for the testing of distinctness of inbred lines, hybrids and openpollinated varieties. However, to assess the distinctness of hybrids, a prescreening system based on the parental lines and the hybrid pedigree may be established according to the following: the parental line should be described according to the Test Guidelines; the originality of the parental lines should be checked in comparison with the reference collection based on the Table of Characteristics in order to determine the closest inbred line; the originality of the hybrid pedigree be checked in comparison with those hybrids which are commonly or publicly known in order to determine the closest inbred lines; the distinctness of the hybrids should be assessed with hybrid varieties of the same formula. Assessment of distinctness and uniformity should be made on at least 40 plants or parts of plants excluding outcrossed plants in inbred lines and excluding plants obviously resulting from the selfing of a parent line in single-cross hybrids. All observations on the ear should be made on the upper well-developed ear. For the assessment of uniformity of inbred lines and single-cross hybrids, a population standard of 3% with an acceptance probability of 95% should be applied. For instance, in a sample of 40 plants, the maximum number of off-types allowed would be three (3). The same population standard and acceptance probability should apply to clear cases of out-crossed plants in inbred lines as well as plants obviously resulting from the selfing of a parent line in single-cross hybrids (e.g. plant height, size of ear or earliness as well as proof through enzyme electrophoresis). For three-way cross hybrids, double-cross hybrids and open-pollinated varieties, the variability within these varieties should not exceed the variability of comparable varieties already known. In three-way cross and double-cross hybrids, certain characteristics may segregate such that several states of trait expression occur side by side within a given variety. If experience would show that such traits or characteristics are known to segregate, then such traits or characteristics should be identified with an “S”. If enzyme electrophoresis is used for testing distinctness, the same population standard deviation and acceptance probability level as for other characteristics should be applied. However, a sequential analysis approach could be applied to reduce the 25 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines workload. All inbred lines should be considered out-crosses when two or more loci are found heterozygous with one allele of the locus of the inbred line (e.g. AX). All cases where one locus is heterozygous or where two foreign alleles are present should be considered off-types. V. Grouping of Varieties To facilitate the assessment of distinctness, the varieties for evaluation should be divided into groups. Characteristics which are suitable for grouping purposes are those which are known from experience not to vary, or to vary only slightly within a variety. The various states of expression should be fairly evenly distributed throughout the collection. It is recommended that the following characteristics be used for grouping varieties : time of anthesis (characteristic 5) anthocyanin coloration of silks (characteristic 14) plant height (characteristic 20) number of rows of grain (characteristic 27) type of grain (characteristic 28) VI. Characteristics and Symbols The test for distinctness, uniformity and stability should be based on the characteristics and their state of expressions as listed in the Table of Characteristics. Following are the legend-description of the symbols used in the Table of Characteristics : (*) Refers to characteristics that should be used on all varieties in every growing period over which examinations are made and always included in the variety descriptions, except when the state of expression of a preceding characteristic of certain environmental conditions would render this impossible (+) See explanations on the Table of Characteristics in Part VIII. See explanations on possible segregation in Part IV. 26 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines VII. Table of Characteristics for Maize Trait No. 1 2 (+) Characteristics Stage1 First leaf: anthocyanin coloration of sheath 12 (S) First leaf: shape of tip Description/ Category absent Reference (Example)Varieties Note/ Remarks 1 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 pointed 1 pointed to round 2 round 3 round to spatulate 4 14 5 3 (+) 4 5 (*) Tassel: anthocyanin coloration at base of glume (in middle third of main axis) Tassel: anthocyanin coloration of glumes excluding base (as for trait 3) Tassel: time of anthesis (on middle third of main axis, 50% of plants), DAP 35-50 (S) spatulate absent 1 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 absent 1 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 very early (<40) 1 early (40-45) 3 medium (45-50) 5 late (50-55) 7 very late (>55) 9 35-50 (S) 40-55 27 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 6 (+) 7 8 (*) (+) 9 (*) (+) 10 Characteristics Stage1 Tassel: anthocyanin coloration of anthers (as for 3; on fresh anthers) 40-55 Tassel: density of spikelets (as for 3) (main axis) Tassel: angle between main axis and lateral branches (in lower third of tassel), degrees Tassel: curvature of lateral branches (as for 8) Tassel: length of main axis above lowest branch, cm Test Guidelines Description/ Category absent 3 medium 5 strong 7 sparse 1 intermediate 3 dense 5 very short (<30) 1 short (30-45) 3 medium (45-60) 5 large (60-90) 7 very large (>90) 9 straight 1 slight curved 3 curved 5 strongly curved 7 very strongly curved very short (<30) 9 short (30-35) 3 medium (35-40) 5 long (40-50) 7 very long (>50) 9 50-70 (S) 50-70 Note/ Remarks 1 weak 50-65 50-65 Reference (Example)Varieties 28 1 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 11 12 (*) 13 14 (*) 15 (+) Characteristics Stage1 Tassel: length of lowest branch, cm 50-70 Tassel: number of primary branches Ear: time of silk emergence (50% of plants), DAP Ear: Intensity of anthocyanin coloration of silks Leaf: angle between blade and stem (on leaf just above upper ear), degrees 50-70 45-60 Test Guidelines Description/ Category very short Note/ Remarks 1 short 3 medium 5 long 7 very long 9 absent (0-3) 1 few (3-10) 3 medium (10-15) 5 many (15-20) 7 very many (>20) 9 very early (<45) 1 early (45-50) 3 medium (50-55) 5 late (55-60) 7 very late (>60) 9 absent 1 very weak 3 weak 5 medium 7 strong 9 very small (<30) 1 small (30-45) 3 medium (45-60) 5 large (60-90) 7 very large (>90) 9 45-60 (S) 61 Reference (Example)Varieties 29 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 16 (-) 17 18 19 20.1 (*) Characteristic Leaf: curvature of blade (as for trait no 15) Stem: degree of zigzag Stem: anthocyanin coloration of brace roots Leaf: anthocyanin coloration of sheath covering upper ear Inbred lines only; Plant: height (tassel included), cm Stage1 61 Test Guidelines Description/ Category straight Note/ Remarks 1 slightly curved 3 curved 5 strongly curved 7 very strongly curved 9 absent 1 slight 3 strong 5 absent 1 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 absent 1 very weak 3 weak 5 medium 7 strong very short (<.100) 9 1 short (100-120) 3 medium (120140) 5 65 65-75 (S) 71 (S) 75 Reference (Example)Varieties 7 high (140-160) 9 very high (>160) 30 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 20.2 (*) Characteristics Stage1 Hybrids and openpollinated varieties only: Plant: height (tassel included), cm 75 Test Guidelines Description/ Category very short (<175) Reference (Example)Varieties Note/ Remarks 1 short (175-190) 3 medium (190-205) 5 high (205-220) 7 very high (>220) 9 21 22 Plant: Height of uppermost ear to plant height ratio, (%) Leaf: width of blade (leaf of upper ear,) cm 75 75 very low (<30) 1 low (30-45) 3 medium (45-55) 5 high (55-70) 7 very high (>70) 9 very narrow (< 5) 1 narrow ( 5-6) 3 medium ( 6-7 ) 5 wide ( 7-8 ) 7 very wide (> 8 ) 9 23 24 Ear: length of peduncle, cm Ear: Anthocyanin coloration on the peduncle 85 very short ( < 4) 1 short ( 4- 6) 3 medium ( 6 –8) 5 long ( 8 – 10) 7 very long ( > 10) 9 absent 1 weak 3 strong 5 92 31 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 25 26 27 28 29 Characteristics Ear: diameter (in middle), cm Ear: Number of husk leaves/ear Ear: Length of husk leaves, cm (1 representative sample/ear) Ear: Width of husk, cm (in middle, based on sample in #27) Ear: shape Stage1 92 92 92 92 Test Guidelines Description/ Category very small (< 3) Reference (Example)Varieties Note/ Remarks 1 small ( 3-4) 3 medium ( 4-5 ) 5 large ( 5 –6) 7 very large (> 6) 9 very few (<5) 1 few (5-10) 3 average (11-15) 5 many (16-20) 7 very many (>20) 9 very short (<15) 1 short (16-20) 3 medium (21-25) 5 long (26-30) 7 very long (>30) 9 very short (<5) 1 short (6-10) 3 medium (11-15) 5 long (16-20) 7 very long (>20) 9 Conical 1 conico-cylindrical 3 cylindrical 5 bear paw 7 92 32 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 30 (*) 31 32 33 34 Characteristics Stage1 Ear: length (without husk), cm 92 Ear: diameter (in middle), cm Ear: Unfilled tip, cm Ear: Grain row arrangement Ear: number of rows of grain 92 92 92 92 Test Guidelines Description/ Category very short ( < 5 ) Reference (Example)Varieties Note/ Remarks 1 short (5 –10 ) 3 medium ( 10-15 ) 5 long (15 – 20) 7 very long ( > 20) 9 very small (< 3) 1 small ( 3-4) 3 medium ( 4-5 ) 5 large ( 5 –6) 7 very large (> 6) 9 Almost none (< 1 ) 1 Short (1- 2) 3 Long (>2) 5 Distinct/Regular 1 Not distinct/Irregular 9 very few (< 10) 1 few ( 10-12) 3 medium ( 14) 5 many ( 16) 7 very many ( >16) 9 33 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 35 (*) Characteristics Ear: type of grain (in middle third of ear) Stage1 92 (S) Test Guidelines Description/ Category flint Reference (Example)Varieties Note/ Remarks flint-like intermediate dent-like dent sweet pop opaque 36 37 (*) Ear: White cap on top of grain, % coverage on whole ear Ear: color of top of grain (disregarding white cap, if present) waxy Absent 92 1 Small coverage (<25) 3 Medium coverage (25-50) 5 Large coverage (50-75) 7 Very large coverage (>75) 9 white 1 yellowish white 2 yellow 3 yellow orange 4 orange 5 red orange 6 red 7 dark red 8 blue black 9 92 (S) 34 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 38 Characteristics Stage1 Ear: color of dorsal side of grain 92 (S) 39. Ear: Shape of grain 40 Ear: intensity of anthocyanin coloration of glumes of cob Test Guidelines Description/ Category white Reference (Example)Varieties Note/ Remarks 1 yellowish white 2 yellow 3 yellow orange 4 orange 5 red orange 6 red 7 dark red 8 blue black 9 absent 1 very weak 3 weak 5 medium 7 strong 9 93 93 (S) 35 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines VIII. Explanations on the Table of Characteristics The following explanations refer to Trait Numbers marked with the symbol „(+)‟ in the Table of Characteristics (Part VII): Trait No. 2 First Leaf: shape of tip 1 pointed 2 pointed to round 3 round 4 round to spatulate 5 spatulate Trait No. 8 and Trait No. 15 Leaf and tassle: angle 1 very small (<30) 2 small (30-45) 3 medium (45-60) 4 large (60-90) 5 very large (>90) Trait No. 11 and Trait No. 16 Leaf and tassel: curvature of blade and of lateral branches 1 straight 2 slightly curved 3 curved 36 4 strongly curved 5 very strongly curved Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Trait No. 3 Tassel: anthocyanin coloration at base of glume Growth Stages of Corn* 5-7 DAP Emergence Coleoptile 2 Leaves 11-12 DAP arly 4 Leaves 17-18 DAP 5-6 Leaves Early 20-24 Whorl DAP Early Whorl 8 Leaves 25-30 DAP MidWhorl 9-10 Leaves 32-35 DAP Mid-Whorl 12 Leaves L48-49 DAP Whorl Tassel 50-52 DAP Silks 52-58 DAP Maturity 90-110 DAP IX. Reference: UPOV TG/2/6. 1994-1999. Guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability for maize (Zea mays L.). International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV). 75 p. 37 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines X. Technical Questionnaire Reference Number: (not to be filled in by the applicant) TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE (To be completed in connection with an application for plant variety protection) 1. Species: Zea mays L. Maize 2. Name and address of applicant: 3. Proposed denomination or breeders reference: 4. Information on origin, maintenance and reproduction of the variety 4.1 Method of breeding/type of material: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) 4.2 inbred line single-cross hybrid three-way cross hybrid double-cross hybrid open-pollinated variety other (please indicate formula [ [ [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] ] ] Other information 5. Characteristics of the variety to be given (the number in brackets refers to the correspondingcharacteristic in the Test Guidelines; please mark the state of expression which best corresponds) Trait No. 5.2 (16) 5.3a (22.1) Reference (Example) Varieties Note/ Remarks Characteristic Description/Category Ear: anthocyanin coloration of silks 65 (S) absent present 1[ ] 9[ ] 75 very short short medium 1[ ] 3[ ] 5[ ] In-bred lines only: Plant length (tassel included) 38 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 5.3b (22.2) Hybrids and open pollinated varieties only: Plant: length (tassel included) 5.4 (30) Ear: type of grain ( in middle third of ear) 5.5 (33) 6. Ear: anthocyanin coloration of glumes of cob Test Guidelines long very long 7[ ] 9[ ] 75 very short short medium long very long 1[ 3[ 5[ 7[ 9[ ] ] ] ] ] 92 (S) flint flint-like intermediate dent-like dent sweet pop 1[ 2[ 3[ 4[ 5[ 6[ 7[ ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 93 (S) absent present 1[ ] 9[ ] Similar varieties and differences from these varieties Denomination of similar variety Characteristics in which the similar variety is different State of expression of similar variety State of expression of candidate variety In the case of identical states of expression of both varieties, please indicate the size of the difference. 7. Additional information which may help to distinguish the variety. a. Resistance to pests and diseases b. Special conditions for the examination of the variety c. Other information end of document 39 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Rice (Oryza sativa, L.) I. Subject of these Guidelines These Test Guidelines apply to all varieties of Oryza sativa L. II. Material Required The competent authorities decide on the quantity and quality of the plant material required for testing the variety and when and where it is to be delivered. Applicants submitting material from a Country other than that in which the testing takes place must ensure that all customs formalities and pytosanitary requirements are complied with. The material is to be supplied in the form of seed. The minimum quantity of seeds, to be supplied by the applicant, should be: General : 500 grams Hybrid varieties : If requested, an additional 500 grams of seed of each component (A, B and R parental lines) should be submitted. Panicles : If requested by the competent authority, at least 50 panicles should also be submitted. The panicles should be well-developed and not affected by any pest or disease. They should contain a sufficient number of viable seeds to establish a satisfactory row of plants for observation. The seed should meet the minimum requirements for germination rate (at least 85%), analytical purity 1.1%, health and moisture content not greater than 14%. In cases where the seed is to be stored, the germination capacity should be as high as possible and should be stated by the applicant. The seeds should not have undergone any treatment, which would affect the expression of the characteristics of the variety, unless the competent authorities allow or request such treatment. If it has been treated, full details of the treatment must be given. 40 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines III. Method of Examination Duration of Tests The minimum duration of tests should be 2 independent growing cycles (1 wet and 1 dry). Testing Place The tests should normally be conducted in one place. If any characteristic of the variety, which are relevant for the examination of DUS, cannot be seen in that place, the variety may be tested in an additional place. Conditions for Conducting the Examination The tests should be carried out under conditions ensuring satisfactory growth for the expression of the relevant characteristics of the variety and for the conduct of the examination. Characteristics on plants or parts of plants to be selected in a particular way. Characteristics containing the following notes in the second column of the Table of Characteristics should be examined as indicated below: A Leaf: Unless otherwise indicated, all observation on the leaf should be made on the penultimate leaf. Timing of the examination The optimum stage of development for the assessment of each characteristic is indicated by a number in the second column of the Table of Characteristics. The stages of development denoted by these numbers are described at the end of Chapter 8. Type of observation – visual or measurement The recommended method of observing the characteristics is indicated by the following key in the second column of the Table of Characteristics : MG - single measurement of a group of plants or parts of plants MS - measurement of a number of individual plants or parts of plants VG - visual assessment by a single observation of a group of plants or parts of plants VS - visual assessment by observation of individual plants or parts of plants 41 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Test Design The design of the tests should be such that plants or parts of plants may be removed for measurement or counting without prejudice to the observations which must be made up to the end of the growing cycle. Each test cycle should be designed to result in a total of at least 400 plants for each candidate variety, which should be divided into two or more replications. Single panicle- rows if test on panicle-rows are conducted, at least 20 panicle-rows should be observed. Number of Plants / Parts of Plants to be Examined Unless otherwise indicated, all observations made on individual plants or determined by measurement or counting should be made on at least 10 plants or parts taken from each of the 10 plants. Additional Tests In cases where morphological characteristics are insufficient to distinguish candidate variety, additional tests including phenol test on lemma, DNA finger printing etc. maybe conducted. IV. Assessment of Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability Distinctness Recommendation It is of particular importance for users of this Test Guidelines to consult the General Introduction prior to making decisions regarding distinctness. However, the following points are provided for elaboration or emphasis in these Test Guidelines. Consistent Differences The minimum duration of tests recommended in section 3.1 reflects, in general, the need to ensure that any differences in a character are sufficiently consistent. Clear Differences Determining whether a difference between two varieties is cleardepends on many factors, and should consider, in particular, the type of expression of the characteristic being examined, i.e. whether it is expressed in a qualitative, quantitative, or pseudo-qualitative manner. 42 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Therefore, it is important that users of these Test Guidelines are familiar with the recommendations contained in the General Introduction prior to making decisions regarding distinctness. Uniformity It is of particular importance for users of these Test Guidelines to consult the General Introduction prior to making decisions regarding uniformity. However, the following points are provided for elaboration or emphasis in these Test Guidelines. Uniformity assessment by off-types For the assessment of uniformity of characteristics on the plot as a whole (visual assessment by a single observation of a group of plants or parts of plants), a population standard of 0.1% with an acceptance probability of at least 95% should be applied. In the case of a sample size of 400 plants the maximum number of off-types allowed would be Hybrid varieties For the assessment of uniformity of single hybrid, a population standard of 1% with an acceptance probability of at least 95% should be applied. In the case of a sample size of 400 plants the maximum number of off-types allowed would be 11. Single panicle-rows For the assessment of uniformity of characteristics on single paniclerows, plants or parts of plants (visual assessment by observations of a number of individual panicle-rows, plants or parts of plants), a population standards of 1% with an acceptance probability of at least 95% should be applied. In the case of a sample size of 20 panicles the maximum number of aberrant panicle-rows, plants or parts of plants should not exceed 1. Stability In practice, it is not usual to perform tests of stability that produce results as certain as those of the testing of distinctness and uniformity. However, experience has demonstrated that, for many types of variety, when a variety has been shown to be uniform, it can also be considered to be stable. Where appropriate, or in cases of doubt, stability may be tested, either by growing a further generation, or by testing 500 grams seed or plant stock to ensure it exhibits the same characteristics as those shown by the previous material supplied. 43 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines V. Grouping of Varieties and Organization of the Growing Trial The selection of varieties of common knowledge to be grown in the trial with the candidate varieties and the way in which these varieties are divided into groups to facilitate the assessment of distinctness is aided by the use of grouping characteristics. Grouping characteristics are those in which the documented states of expression, even when produced at different locations, can be used, either individually or in combination with other such characteristics: (a) to select varieties of common knowledge that can be included from the growing trial used for examination of distinctness; and (b) to organize the growing trial so that similar varieties are grouped together. The following have been agreed as useful grouping characteristics: Basal leaf: sheath color (characteristic no. 1) Days of heading (50% of plants with heads) (characteristic no. 18) Culm length (excluding panicle; excluding floating rice) (characteristic no. 22) Decorticated grain: length (characteristic no. 49) Decorticated grain: color (characteristic no. 52) Endosperm type: (characteristic no. 52) Guidance for the use of grouping characteristics, in the process of examining distinctness, is provided through the General Introduction VI. Introduction to the Table of Characteristics Categories of Characteristics Standard Test Guidelines Characteristics Standard Test Guidelines characteristics are those which are approved by UPOV for examination of DUS and from which members of the Union can select suitable characteristics for their particular circumstances. Asterisked Characteristics Asterisked characteristics (denoted by *) are those included in the Test Guidelines which are important for the International Harmonization of variety descriptions and should always be examined for DUS and included in the variety descriptions by all members on the Union, except when the state of expression of a preceding characteristics or regional environmental conditions render this inappropriate. 44 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines States of Expression and Corresponding Notes States of expression are given for each characteristic to define the characteristic and to harmonize descriptions. Each state of expression is allocated a corresponding numerical note for ease of recording of data and for the production and exchange of the description. Types of Expression An explanation of the types of expression of characteristics (qualitative, quantitative and pseudo-qualitative) is provided in the General Introduction. Reference Varieties Where appropriate, example varieties are provided to clarify the state of expression of each characteristic. Legend (*) (QL) (QN) (PQ) (+) Asterisked characteristic – see Section 6.1.2 Qualitative characteristic – see Section 6.3 Quantitative characteristic – see Section 6.3 Pseudo-Qualitative characteristic – see section 6.3 See Explanation on the Table of Characteristics on Chapter 8. Stage of development : see Section 3.3.2 MG-MS-VG-VSb : see Section 3.3.3 45 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 VII. Test Guidelines Table of Characteristics Char No. Method of Examination 1. 30 VS 2. 3. 40 VG 40 VG a 4. Characteristics Example Varieties Note Basal leaf: sheath color green 1 light purple 2 purple lines 3 purple 4 Leaf: intensity of green color light 3 medium 5 dark 7 Leaf: anthocyanin coloration absent 1 present 9 40 VG Leaf: distribution of anthocyanin coloration a tips only 1 2 margins only 3 blotches only 4 uniform 46 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Char No. Method of Examination 5. 40 VG a 6. Test Guidelines Characteristics Note Leaf sheath: anthocyanin coloration absent 1 present 9 40 VG Leaf sheath: intensity of anthocyanin coloration a light purple 3 purple Lines 5 purple 7. Example Varieties 40 VS 7 Leaf: pubescence of blade surface glabrous 3 intermediate 5 pubescent 7 a 8. (*) 40 VS Leaf: anthocyanin coloration of auricles 1 absent 9 9. 40 VS present Leaf: anthocyanin coloration of collar a absent 1 9 10. (+) present Leaf: shape of ligule VS a truncate 3 acute 5 cleft 7 47 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Char No. Method of Examination 11. 40 VS 12. Test Guidelines Characteristics Example Varieties Note Leaf: color of ligule colorless 1 green 2 light purple 3 purple stripes 4 purple 5 40 MS Leaf: length of blade (actual measurement) a Short 3 <30 cm 5 Medium 31-60 cm Long > 60 cm 7 13. 40 MS a 14. (*) (+) 60 VG Leaf: width of blade Narrow <1 cm 3 Medium 1-2 cm 5 Broad > 2 cm 7 Flag leaf: attitude of blade (early observation) (actual measurement) 1 erect 3 semi-erect 5 horizontal 7 descending 48 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Char No. Method of Examination 15. (*) (+) 90 VG Test Guidelines Characteristics Example Varieties Note Flag leaf: attitude of blade (late observation) 1 erect 3 semi-erect 5 horizontal descending 16. 17. (+) 18. (*) 40 VS 40 VS 55 VG 7 Culm: kneeing ability (for floating rice only) absent 1 present 9 Culm: Angle erect 1 semi-erect 3 open 5 spreading 9 Days of heading (50% of plants with heads) 1 very early (< 70) 3 early (71-80) 5 medium (81-90) 7 late (91-100) 9 very late (> 101) 49 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Example Varieties Char No. Method of Examination Characteristics 19. (*) 65 VS Lemma: anthocyanin coloration of apex 20. (*) 21. (+) 22. (*) 65. VS 70. VS 70 VS Note absent 1 red 3 light purple 5 purple 7 deep purple 9 Spikelet: color of stigma white 1 light green 2 yellow 3 light purple 4 purple 5 Culm: thickness thin (< 5mm) 1 thick (> 5mm) 9 Culm: length (excluding panicle; excluding floating rice) very short (< 50 cm) 1 short (51-70 cm) 3 medium (71-90 cm) 5 long (91-110 cm) 7 very long (> 110 cm) 9 50 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Example Varieties Char No. Method of Examination Characteristics 23. (*) 70 VS Culm: anthocyanin coloration of nodes 24. 25. 70 VS 70 VS Note absent 1 present 9 Culm: intensity of coloration of nodes anthocyanin light purple 3 purple 5 deep purple 7 Culm: anthocyanin coloration of internodes 3 light gold 5 purple lines 7 26. (*) (+) 27. (*) (+) 72-90 MS 90 MS purple Panicle: length of main axis very short (< 11cm) 1 short (11-20cm) 3 medium (21-30cm) 5 long (31-40cm) 7 very long (> 40cm) 9 Panicle: curvature of main axis erect 1 semi-erect 3 drooping 5 deflexed 7 51 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Char No. Method of Examination 28. (+) 70 29. 30. 60 60 VS Test Guidelines Characteristics Example Varieties Note Panicle: number per plant few (<8) 3 medium (8-16) 5 many (>16) 7 Panicle: awns absent 1 present 9 Panicle: color of awns (early observation) 3 light green 5 red purple 31. (*) 70-80 7 Panicle: distribution of awns tip –awned 1 short & partly awned 3 short & fully awned 5 long & partly awned 7 long & fully awned 9 52 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Char No. Method of Examination 32. 90 VS 33. (*) 34. (+) 60-80 VS 80-90 Test Guidelines Example Varieties Characteristics Note Panicle: color of Awns (late observation) straw 1 yellowish gold 2 brown 3 reddish brown 4 light red 5 red 6 light purple 7 purple 8 black 9 Spikelet: density of pubescence of lemma glabrous 1 hairs on lemma keel 3 hairs on upper portion 5 short hairs 7 long hairs ( velvety) 9 Spikelet: apicular color white 1 straw 2 brown 3 red 4 purple 5 black 6 53 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Char No. Method of Examination 35. (+) 90 36. (+) 37. (*) (+) 38. (+) 90 90 90 VG Test Guidelines Characteristics Example Varieties Note Panicle: presence secondary branching absent 1 present 9 Panicle: type of secondary branching weak 3 strong 5 clustering 7 Panicle: type of branches compact 3 intermediate 5 open Panicle: exsertion 7 well exserted 1 moderately-well exserted 3 exserted 5 partly exserted 7 enclosed 9 54 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Char No. Method of Examination 39. 90 VG 40. (+) 41. (+) 42. 92 VG 92 MS 92 MS Test Guidelines Example Varieties Characteristics Note Days of maturity very early (< 100) 1 early (101-110) 3 medium (111-120) 5 late (121-130) 7 very late (>130) Leaf: senescene 9 early 3 intermediate 5 late Sterile lemma: Length 7 short (<1.5mm) 1 medium (1.6-2.5mm) 3 long (>2.5 mm but less than the lemma length 5 extra long (> 2.5 mm but greater than the lemma length) 7 asymmetrical 9 Sterile lemma: color straw 1 gold 3 red purple 5 7 55 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Char No. 43. 44. 45. Test Guidelines Method of Examination Characteristics 92 MS Grain: weight of 1000 fully developed grains by 14 % MC 92. MS 92. MS Example Varieties Note very low 1 low 3 medium 5 high 7 very high Grain: length 9 very short (<5.52mm) 1 short (5.52-6.84mm) 3 medium (6.85-8.17mm) 5 long (8.18-9.5mm) 7 very long (>9.5mm) 9 Grain: width narrow (1.20-1.72mm) 1 medium (1.74-2.36mm) 3 broad (2.37-3.0mm) 5 very broad (>3.0mm) 7 56 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Char No. Method of Examination 46. 92 VS 47. (*) 48. 92 92 Test Guidelines Characteristics Example Varieties Note Lemma and Palea: color White 0 Straw 1 Gold and gold furrows 2 Brown spots 3 Brown furrow 4 Brown (Tawny) 5 Reddish and light purple 6 Purple spots 7 Purple furrow 8 Purple 9 Black 10 Decorticated grain: length short (<5.4mm) 1 medium (5.5-6.5mm) 3 long (6.6-7.4mm) 5 very long (> 7.5mm) 7 Decorticated grain: width narrow (< 1.1mm) 3 medium (1.1-2.49mm) 5 broad (>2.49mm) 7 57 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Char No. Method of Examination 49. (*) (+) 92 50. (*) 51. (+) Example Varieties Characteristics Note Decorticated grain: shape (in lateral View) round (<1.5mm) 1 semi-round (1.5-1.99mm) 3 half spindle-shaped (2.-2.49mm) 5 spindle-shaped (2.5-2.99mm) 7 long spindle-shaped (> 2.99 mm) 9 92 92 Test Guidelines Decorticated grain: color white 1 light yellow 2 light brown 3 variegated brown 4 dark brown 5 light red 6 red 7 variegated purple 8 purple 9 dark purple/black 10 Endosperm: type glutinous 1 non-glutinous 3 58 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Char No. Method of Examination 52. (+) 92 53. (+) 54. (+) 90 90 Test Guidelines Example Varieties Characteristics Note Endosperm: amylose content (%) waxy (0-2%) 1 very Low (2.1-10%) 3 low (10.1-20%) 5 intermediate (20.1-25%) 7 high (>25%) 9 Varieties with Endosperm of Polished grain Non-Waxy only: Expression of white Core less than 5% 1 5-10% 3 11-20% 5 21-40% 7 more than 40% 9 Varieties with Endosperm of Polished Grain Non-Waxy only: expression of white Belly less than 5% 1 5-10% 3 11-20% 5 21-40% 7 more than 40% 9 59 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Char No. Method of Examination 55. (+) 92 56. (*) 92 Test Guidelines Characteristics Example Varieties Alkali digestion low 1 intermediate 3 high intermediate 5 high 7 Decorticated grain: aroma absent 1 present 9 VIII. Explanations on the Table of Characteristics Ad 1 Coleoptile : color Ad 14 Leaf shape of ligule 1 Truncate 2 Acute 3 Cleft Ad 18y and late observation 1 erect 3 semi-erect Note 5 horizontal 60 7 reflexed Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Ad 24, 25, 26 Lemma : anthocyanin coloration and 41 : Spikelet : color and tip L e r m a Ad 28 Stem : thickness At the lowest internode Ad 33 and 34 Panicle : length of main axis (33) and curvature of main axis (34) 1 erect 3 semi-erect 5 drooping 61 7 deflexed Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Ad 35 Panicle : number per plant [Explanation to be provided by Korea] Ad 43 and 44 Panicle : secondary branching 0 absent 1 weak 2 strong 3 clustering Ad 45 Panicle : attitude of branches 1 erect 3 erect to semi-erect 5 semi-erect 7 semi-erect to spreading 62 9 spreading Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Ad 46 Panicle : exsertion 7 partly exserted 5 exserted 1 well exserted Ad 48 Leaf : senescence The leaves below the flag leaf are observed at the time of harvest for their retention of greenness. State (3), leaves are dead when the grains have become fully ripened; state (5), intermediate (there must be 1 leaf which retains its color); state (7), 2 or more leaves retain their color at maturity. Ad 49 Sterile lemma : length The measurement is made on each of the two sterile lemmas. Ad 54 and 55 Grain : phenol reaction of lemma (54) Varieties with phenol reaction of lemma present only : Grain : coloration with phenol (55) Method of Testing : Place hulls from 10 grains into a petri dish of 5 cm diameter, and add 5 ml of 1.5% phenol solution; cover the petri dish, and keep at room temperature (not very cold) for one day. Ad 58 Decorticated grain : shape (in lateral view) (see comment from Japan) round semi-round half spindle-shaped spindle-shaped long spindle-shaped length/width 1 2 3 4 5 < 1.50 1.50-1.99 2.00-2.49 2.50-2.99 >3.00 63 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Ad 60 Endosperm : presence of amylose How to differentiate: By observation, glutinous rice has waxy grains, and nonglutinous rice are non-waxy to transparent with various grades according to the amylose content of the endosperm. When it is necessary to differentiate glutinous rice and rice with very low amylose content, chemical analysis is needed. Note : In general, the amylose content of glutinous rice of pure line variety is 0% However, many commercial varieties, especially local, traditional varieties may contain 1-4% of amylose. This is because the waxy gene is recessive, and when outcrossed by ordinary rice pollen, the endosperm becomes non-glutinous. Also, some methods of testing may result in a low % of amylose. Research on chemical structure of waxy rice is still in progress in Japan. Recently various genes (named “dull” genes) for producing semi-waxy rice have been identified At present, amylose content of those semi-waxy rice is not less than 5% though it is not sure if further lower amylose lines will be bred in the future. The three categories can be simply defined by reaction to KI-I solution; glutinous type endosperm is stained to reddish purple, non-glutinous type to dark blue purple, and intermediate type to reddish – blue purple. Intermediate rice is non-glutinous but with very low amylose, the type which is recently commanding reputation among consumers in East Asian countries. KI-I solution is prepared by mixing 0.1 % I2 solution and 0.2 % KI solution. Ad 61 Endosperm : content of amylose Method ISO 6647 should be used. Modified from IRRI system by rounding due to variability of data especially in cool climates, and adding a rank of very high amylose content considering rice in some area of southern India. Further discussion may be needed for alternative definition, not using percentage of amylose, but just describing as very low, low, intermediate, high and very high. Ad 62 Varieties with endosperm of amylose absent only. Polished grain : expression of white core Korea to provide illustration Ad 63 Varieties with endosperm of amylose absent only. Polished grain : expression of white belly Korea to provide illustration 64 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Ad 64 Alkali digestion Alkali digestion is much easier to test and simpler to observe, and is parallel to results of testing gelatinization temperature. Notes 1.0-2.5 corresponding to gelatilization temperature of 74.5-80C notes 3.5-5.4 to 70-74 C and notes 5.5-7 to 55-59 C (Juliano and Villareal: Grain Quality Evaluation of World Rices, IRRI, 1993) Ad 65 Decorticated grain : aroma The main component of the aroma in rice is the 2-acetyl-1pyrroline (AcPy). To vaporize this chemical, 10 ml. of a 1.7% solution of KOH should be added to 2 gram of decorticated grains. The aroma, which is similar to that in pop-corn, is released within ten minutes. The level of expression is determined by reference to the example varieties. Decimal Code for the Growth Stages of Cereals 2-digit Code 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 General Description Germination Dry seed Start of imbibition Imbibition complete Radicle emerged from caryosis Coleoptile emerged from caryopsis Leaf just at coleoptile tip Seedling growth First leaf through coleoptile First leaf unfolded 2 leaves unfolded 3 leaves unfolded 4 leaves unfolded 5 leaves unfolded 6 leaves unfolded 7 leaves unfolded 8 leaves unfolded 9 or more leaves unfolded Freekes’ Scale Additional Remarks on Wheat, Barley, Rye, Oats and Rice } } } } 1 } } } } } } } } Second leaf visible (Less than 1 cm) 50% of laminae unfolded 65 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 2-digit Code 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 General Description Germination Main shoot only Main shoot and 1 tiller Main shoot and 2 tillers Main shoot and 3 tillers Main shoot and 4 tillers Main shoot and 5 tillers Main shoot and 6 tillers Main shoot and 7 tillers Main shoot and 8 tillers Main shoot and 9 or more tillers Stem elongation Pseudo stem erection (2) 1st node detectable 2nd node detectable 3rd detectable 4th node detectable 5th node detectable 6th node detectable Flag leaf just visible Flag leaf ligule/collar just visible Booting Flag leaf sheath extending Boots just visibly swollen - Freekes’ Scale 2 } } } } } } } } } }3 } } } } } } } 4- 5 6} } } 7} } } } } } Test Guidelines Additional Remarks on Wheat, Barley, Rye, Oats and Rice In rice: vegetative lag phase Jointing stage Above crown nodes } } 8 9 Pre-boot stage In rice: opposite auricle stage Little enlargement of the inflorescence, Early-boot stage } Mid-boot stage } 10 66 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 2-digit Code 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 General Description Boots swollen Flag leaf sheath opening First awns visible Inflorescence emergence } Fist spikelet of } inflorescence just } visible } } ¼ of inflorescence emerged } } ½ of inflorescence emerged } } }3/4 of inflorescence emerged } } } Emergence of Inflorescence } completed Anthesis } } beginning of anthesis } } }Anthesis half way } } }Anthesis complete } Milk Freekes’ Scale } Test Guidelines Additional Remarks on Wheat, Barley, Rye, Oats and Rice Late-boot stage } } } } 10.1 In awned forms only } } N} } N = non-synchronous crops } } } S} N S = synchronous crops } } } S N } } } S N } } } S N } S } } N } S } } N } S } } N } S 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.51 Not easily detectable in barley In rice: Usually immediately Following heading 10.52 10.53 67 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 2-digit Code 72 73 74 75 General Description development Caryopsis watery ripe Early milk Medium milk 76 - 77 78 79 80 81 83 84 85 Late milk Dough development Early dough Soft dough 86 87 88 Hard dough - 89 Ripening Caryopsis hard (difficult to divide by thumbnail (3) 70 71 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 Caryopsis hard (can no longer be dented by thumbnail) (4) Caryopsis loosening in daytime Over-ripe, straw dead and collapsing Seed dormat Viable seed giving 50% germination Seed not dormant Secondary dormarcy Freekes’ Scale Test Guidelines Additional Remarks on Wheat, Barley, Rye, Oats and Rice 10.54 } } } } } } ] } } } 11.1 } Increase in solids of liquid endosperm } notable when crushing the caryopsis } between fingers Fingernail impression not held 11. 2 } } Fingernail impression held, inflorescence Losing chlorophyll 11. 3 11. 4 In rice: Terminal spikelets ripened. In rice: 50 % of spikelets ripened In rice: Over 90% of spikelets ripened (5) Risk of grain loss by shedding 68 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 2-digit Code 99 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 T9 General Description induced Secondary dormancy lost Transplanting and recovery (rice only) Uprooting of seedlings Rooting Recovery of shoots Resumption of vegetative growth Freekes’ Scale Test Guidelines Additional Remarks on Wheat, Barley, Rye, Oats and Rice Reproduced from EUCARPIA Bulletin No. 7, 1974, pages 49-52, with the kind permission of the authors For further information, see J.C. Zadoks, T.T. Chang and C.F. Konzak, EUCARPIA bulletin No 7, 1974, pages 42-52. Notes on the Table (1) Stage of seedling inoculation with rust in the greenhouse (2) Only applicable to cereals with a prostrate or semi-prostrate early growth habit (3) Ripeness for binder (ca. 16% water content). Chlorophyll of inflorescence largely lost. (4) Ripeness for combine harvester (< 16% water content) (5) Optimum harvest time. IX. Literature “T. Matsuo (ed.) (1993-97): “Science of the Rice Plant (volume 1-3)” Nosan Gyoson Bunka Kyokai (Nobunkyo), Tokyo, Japan. Vol. 1 Morphology (1993) Vol. 2 Physiology (1995) Vol. 3 Genetics (1997) Indic (1997) 69 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines X. Technical Questionnaire Reference Number: (not to be filled in by the applicant) TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE To be completed in connection with an application for plant breeders‟ rights 1. 2. Subject of the Technical Questionnaire 1.1 Latin Name 1.2 Common Name Applicant Name Address Telephone No. Fax No. E-mail address Breeder (if different from applicant) 70 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 4. Test Guidelines Information on the breeding scheme and propagation of the variety 4.1 Breeding Scheme 4.2 Method of Propagating the Variety 4.2.1 Type of material (a) Line Male fertile line [ ] Male sterile line [ ] (b) Hybrid (c) other (specify) In the case of hybrid varieties, the production scheme for the hybrid and for each component, the information according to the following Chapters 5 to 7 should be provided on a separate sheet. Single Hybrid (SH) (……female parent……) x (….male parent…..) N.B. In case of use of male sterility system, please indicate the name of the maintainer line of the parental line. 4.3 other information 71 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines 5. Characteristics of the variety to be indicated (the number in brackets refers to the corresponding characteristics in Test Guidelines; please mark the note which best corresponding). Characteristics 5.1 Basal leaf: sheath color (2) green Example Varieties Note 1 light purple 2 purple lines 3 purple 4 5.2 Leaf: anthocyanin coloration of auricles (10) absent 1 present 9 5.3 Time of healing (50% of plants with heads) very early 1 early 3 medium 5 late 7 Very late 9 5.4 Stem: length (excluding panicle; excluding (29) floating rice) very short 1 short 3 medium 5 long 7 very long 9 5.5 Decorticated grain: (56) Very short 1 Short 3 Medium 5 72 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Long 7 Very long 9 5.6 Decorticated grain: color (59) White 1 Light brown 2 Variegated brown 3 Dark brown 4 Light red 5 Red 6 Variegated purple 7 Purple 8 Dark purple 9 6. Similar varieties and difference from these varieties Denominations(s) of variety(ies) similar to your candidate variety Characteristic(s) in which your candidate variety differs from the similar variety(ies) Describe the expression of the characteristics(s) for the similar variety(ies) (Example) Plant: Height e.g. note 3 e.g. short e.g. 90 cm 7. Describe the expression of the characteristics(s) for your candidate variety Note 7 Tall 130 cm Additional information which may help in the examination of the variety 7.1 In addition to the information provided in section 5 and 6, are there any additional characteristics, which may help to distinguish the variety? 7.1.1 Resistance to pest and diseases Yes [ ] No [ ] (if yes, please provide details) 7.1.2 Other Yes [ ] No (if yes, please provide details) 73 [ ] Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines 7.1.3 Are there any special conditions for growing the variety or conducting the examination? Yes [ ] No [ ] 7.1.4 If yes, please give details: 7.2 Special conditions for the examination of the variety 7.2 Other information 8. Authorization (a) Does the variety require prior authorization for please under legislation concerning the protection of the environmental, human and animal health? Yes [ ] No [ ] (b) Has such authorization been obtained? Yes [ ] No [ ] If the answer to (b) is yes, please attach a copy of the authorization. end of document 74 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Vegetable Legumes Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Yardlong Beans (Vigna unguiculata var. sesquipedalis) Bush Sitao (Vigna unguiculata x Vigna unguilata var.) I. Subject of these Guidelines This test guideline applies to all varieties of Vigna unquiculata var. sesquipedales (Yardlong beans); Vigna unguiculata x Vigna unguilata var. sesquipidalis (Bush sitao) and Vigna radiata (Cowpea). II. Material Required The PVPO decides when, where and in what quantity and quality the seed required for testing the variety to be delivered. Applicants submitting material must make sure that all custom formalities are complied with. The minimum quantity of seed to be supplied by the applicant in one or several samples should be 1000 grams. The seed should have 90% germination, 10% moisture and 100 % purity. The plant material must not have undergone any treatment unless the competent authorities allow or request such treatment. If it has been treated, full details of the treatment must be given. III. Conduct of Tests The minimum duration of tests should normally be two similar growing periods. The tests should normally be conducted at one place. If any important characteristics of the variety cannot be seen at that place, the variety may be tested at an additional place. The tests should be carried out under conditions ensuring normal growth. The size of the plots should be such that plants or parts of plants may be removed for measurement and counting without prejudice to the observations which must be made up to the end of the growing period. As a minimum, each test should include a total of 60 plants which should be divided between two or more replicates. Separate plot for observation and for measuring can only be used if they have been subjected to similar environmental conditions. Additional tests for special purposes may be established. Varieties under test must receive the same treatment for fertilizer, insecticide and or fungicide application, watering and cultivation. 75 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 IV. Test Guidelines Methods and Observations All observations determined by measurement or counting should be made on 20 plants or parts of 20 plants. For the assessment of uniformity, a population standard of 2% with an acceptance probability of 95 % should be applied. The maximum number of off-types allowed would be 3. All observations on the growth habit and on the leaf should be made at the time of full flowering. All observations on the pod should be made at the time of fresh market maturity. All observations on the seed should be made on dry seed harvested from the pods. The seed weight should be measured on four samples of 100 seeds. When resistance characteristics are used for assessing distinctness, uniformity and stability, records must be taken under conditions of controlled infection on at least 20 plants. V. Grouping of Varieties The collection of varieties to be grown should be divided into groups to facilitate the assessment of distinctness. Characteristics which are suitable for grouping purposes are those which are known from experience not to vary, or to vary only slightly, within a variety. Their various states of expression should be evenly distributed throughout the collection. It is recommended that the competent authorities use maturity in grouping varieties. VI. Characteristics and Symbols To assess distinctness, uniformity and stability, the characteristics and their states is given in the Table of Characteristics should be used. Notes (1 to 9) for purposes of electronic data processing, are given opposite the states of expression for each characteristic. Legend (*) Characteristics that should be used on all varieties in every growing period over which the examinations are made and always be included in the variety descriptions, except when the state of expression of a preceding characteristic or regional environmental conditions render this impossible. (+) See explanations on the Table of Characteristics in Chapter VII. (-) See picture 76 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 VII. Test Guidelines Table of Characteristics Trait No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Characteristics Seed: 100 seed weight (gms) Description / Category Reference (Example)Varities Yardlong Bush Cowpea Beans Sitao Note / Remarks small <13 3 medium 13.1 – 17.9 5 large >18 7 circular 1 circular to elliptical 2 elliptical 3 kidney shaped 4 circular 1 circular to elliptic elliptic 2 circular 1 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 weak 3 Seed width in cross section (cm) narrow 3 Seed width in cross section (cm) medium 5 broad 7 narrow 3 Seed shape of median longitudinal section (+) Seed shape of median cross section Seed shape of median cross section Seed degree of curvature for kidney shaped seeds only Seed degree of curvature for kidney shaped seeds only 3 77 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 6. (*) 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Characteristics Seed length median Seed number of colors Seed main color (largest area for 2 or more colors) Seed predominant secondary color Seed distribution of predominant secondary color Seed color of hilar ring (-) Description / Category Test Guidelines Reference (Example)Varities Yardlong Bush Cowpea Beans Sitao Note / Remarks short 3 medium 5 long 7 one 1 two 2 more than two 3 white 1 brown 2 black 3 maroon 4 white 1 brown 2 black 3 around hilum 1 in streaks 2 on half of grain 3 in patches at tip 4 same color of seed not the same 1 2 78 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No . 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. Characteristics Seed veining Seed surface texture Seed number per pod Plant: anthocyanin coloration of hypocotyls (10 days after emergence) Plant: branching habit Plant: maturity (number of days to 1st harvest/maturity) Plant: number of days to 50% flowering Description / Category Test Guidelines Reference (Example)Varities Yardlong Bush Cowpea Beans Sitao Note / Remarks Weak 3 Medium 5 Strong 7 Smooth 1 Wrinkled 2 Low <13 3 Medium 14-17 5 High >18 7 Absent 1 Present 9 Conical 1 Cylindrical 2 Early 3 Medium 5 Late 7 Early 3 Medium 5 Late 7 79 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. Characteristics Plant: first pod bearing node (*) (number starting on unfoliate node) Plant: height (cms) of the first fruiting (*) node, average of 5 plants Leaf: color Leaf: petiole color Leaf: basal petiole color Description / Category Test Guidelines Reference (Example)Varities Yardlong Bush Cowpea Beans Sitao Note / Remarks Low 3 Medium 5 High 7 Low 3 Medium 5 High 7 Light green 1 Green 2 Dark green 3 Greenish purple 4 Others 9 Light green 1 Purple 2 Greenish purple 3 Dark purple 4 Green 1 Purple 2 Dark purple 3 80 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 24. 25. 26. 27.A 27.B Characteristics Leaf: petiole length (at 50% flowering) (-) Leaf: leaflet shape (+) (-) Leaf: shape of leaf apex (+) (-) Leaf: shape of leaf base (+) (-) (Center leaf) Leaf: shape of leaf base (Two sides leaves) Description / Category Test Guidelines Reference (Example)Varities Yardlong Bush Cowpea Beans Sitao Note / Remarks Small (<15 cms) 3 Medium (15.1 to 18 cms) 5 Large (>18.1 cms) 7 Deltoid 1 Ovate 2 Ovatelanceolate 3 Lanceolate 4 Longlanceolate 5 Acute 1 Acuminate 2 Caudate 3 Aristate 4 Acute 1 Cuneate 2 Truncate 3 Acute Cuneate Oblique 81 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. Characteristics Leaf: shape of leaf margin (+) Leaf: venation of the leaf blade (+) Flower: color of calyx Flower: color of wings (at full bloom) Flower: color of standard Flower: color of keel Description / Category Test Guidelines Reference (Example)Varities Yardlong Bush Cowpea Beans Sitao Note / Remarks Entire 1 Undulate 2 Parallel 1 Pinnate 2 Palmate 3 Green 1 Greenish purple Purple 2 White 1 Light purple 2 Blue 3 Dark purple 4 White 1 Light purple 2 Blue 3 Purple 4 White 1 Light purple 2 Blue 3 Dark purple 4 3 82 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 34. 35. (+) 36. (+) 37. Characteristics Pod: length of peduncle at first harvest Pod: length in cms (mean of 10 pods at second harvest) Pod: width in cms (mean of 10 pods at second harvest) Pod: shape of cross section (+) Description / Category Test Guidelines Reference (Example)Varities Yardlong Bush Sitao Cowpea Beans Note / Remarks Short (<20 cms) Medium (21 to 27 cms) 1 Long (>27.1 cms) 9 Very short (<29) Short (30 – 39) 1 Medium (49 – 49) 5 Long (50 – 59) 7 Very long (>60) 9 Narrow 3 Medium 5 broad 7 Very flat 1 Pear shaped 2 Round elliptic 3 Figure of eight 4 5 3 83 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. Characteristics Pod: ground color at mature stage (fresh pod) Pod: wall fiber (taken at dry pod maturity (-) Pod: beak position (+) (-) Pod: beak orientation (+) (-) Pod: beak color Description / Category Test Guidelines Reference (Example)Varities Yardlong Bush Sitao Cowpea Beans Note / Remarks Light green 1 Dark green 2 Green 3 Light green with purple shade 4 Purple 5 Fleshy type (fiber adheres to dry seeds 1 Leathery podded 2 Excessive shattering 3 Marginal 1 Non-marginal 2 Upward 1 Straight 2 Downward 3 Green 1 Red 2 Purple 3 Others 4 84 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. Characteristics Pod: secondary color Description / Category Test Guidelines Reference (Example)Varities Yardlong Bush Sitao Cowpea Beans Note / Remarks Absent 1 Present 9 Pod: hue of secondary color (-) Cream 1 Violet 2 Pod: stringiness (+) (-) Absent 1 Present 9 Acute 1 Acute to truncate 2 Truncate 3 Short 3 Medium 5 Long 7 Smooth 3 Medium rough 5 Rough 7 Absent 3 Medium 5 Pronounced 7 Short 3 Medium 5 Long 7 Pod: shape of distal part (excluding beak) (-) Pod: length of beak Pod: texture of surface (-) Pod: constrictions (immature stage) Pod: shelf life 85 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 51. 51.1 51.2 51.3 51.4 Characteristics Resistance to Diseases Nematode Cowpea rust Pole sitao mosaic virus Fusarium wilt 52. Resistance to Pests 52.1 Pod borer, Heliothis armegiera 52.2 52.3 52.4 52.5 53. 53.1 53.2 Description / Category Test Guidelines Reference (Example)Varities Yardlong Bush Sitao Cowpea Beans Note / Remarks Absent 1 Present 9 Absent 1 Present 9 Absent 1 Present 9 Absent 1 Present 9 Absent 1 Present 9 Pod borer, Maruca testulalis Absent 1 Present 9 Black aphids Absent 1 Present 9 Absent 1 Present 9 Absent 1 Present 9 Absent 1 Present 9 Absent 1 Present 9 Weevils Bean fly Stress resistance Water logging Drought 86 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 VIII. Test Guidelines Explanation on the Table of Characteristics : 9. Leaflet shape: 1 Ovate 10. 2 Deltoid 2 Acuminate 3 Caudate 5 Long-Lanceolate 4 Aristate Shape of leaf bases: 1 Acute 12. 4 Lanceolate Shape of leaf apeces: 1 Acute 11. 3 Ovate-Lanceolate 2 Cuneate Shape of leaf margin: 1 Entire 2 Undulate 87 3 Truncate Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 13. Venation of the leaf blade: 1 Parallel 22. 2 Pinnate 3 Palmante Pod cross section: 1 Very flat 26. Test Guidelines 2 Pear shape 3 Round elliptic Pod beak position: 1 Marginal 27. 2 Non-marginal Pod beak orientation: 1 Upward 2 Straight 3 Downward 88 4 Figure of eight Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 38. Seed shape of median longitudinal section 1 Circular IX. Test Guidelines 2 Circular to elliptical 3 Elliptical 4 Kindney-shaped Literature Anonymous, 1931: “Beans of New York” in “Vegetables of New York, “Vol. I, Part 2 (Hedrick, U.P., a.o.), State of New York Educational Department , pp. 110 DRIJFHOUT, E., 1978: “Genetic interaction between Phaseolus vulgaris and bean common mosaic virus with implication for strain identification and breeding for resistance, “Agricultural Research Report 872, Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation, Wageningen, NL UPOV Guidelines for the conduct of Tests for Distinctness, uniformity and stability for French Bean, (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Calingasan, M.K. (2002). Introduction, evaluation and selection on Pole Sitao in BPI-Los Baños National Crop Research and Development Center 2002 Annual Report pp. 67-76 Calibo, Juanita G. (2002). Acquisition, conservation and utilization of tomato, eggplant, yardlong beans, squash, vegetable soybeans and mungbeans in BPI-Los Baños National Crop Research and Development Center 2002 Annual Report pp. 19-35. 89 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 X. Test Guidelines Technical Questionnaire Reference Number: (not to be filled in by the applicant) TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE to be completed in connection with an application for plant breeders‟ rights 1. Species : Yardlong beans, Vigna unquiculata variety sesquipedalis Bush sitao, Vigna unguiculata x Vigna unguiculata var. sesq Cowpea, Vigna unguiculata 2. Applicant (Name and address) 3. Proposed denomination or breeder‟s reference 4. Information on origin, maintenance and reproduction of the variety 5. Characteristics of the variety to be indicated (the number in brackets refers to the corresponding characteristic in the Test Guidelines; please mark the state of expression which best corresponds) Characteristics Description/Category 5.3 Number of days to 50% flowering Early Medium Late 5.35 Pod length (cm) Very short Short Medium Long Very long 5.38 Pod ground color 5.39 Pod wall fiber Green Purple Fleshy Leathery Excessive shattering Example Variety Note 1( ) 5( ) 9( ) < 29 30-39 40-49 50-59 > 60 90 1 3 5 7 9 1 2 1 2 3 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Characteristics Test Guidelines Description/Category Example Variety Note 5.3 Number of days to 50% flowering Early Medium Late 5.35 Pod length (cm) 5.38 Pod ground color 5.39 Pod wall fiber 5.45 Pod stringiness Very short < 29 Short 30-39 Medium 40-49 Long 50-59 Very long > 60 Green Purple Fleshy Leathery Excessive shattering Absent Present 1 3 5 7 9 1 2 1 2 3 1 2 5.1 100 seed weight (g) 5.8 Seed main color Light Medium Heavy White Brown Black Other Low Medium High 3 5 9 1 2 3 4 3 5 9 5.14 Seed number per pod 1( ) 5( ) 9( ) < 13 13.1-17.9 > 18 <13 14-17 18 > 6. Similar varieties and differences from these varieties Denomination of similar variety Characteristics in which the similar variety is different State of expression of similar variety State of expression of candidate variety Note : In case of identical state of expression of both varieties, please indicate the size of the difference 91 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines 7. Additional information which may help to distinguish the variety 7.1 Resistance to pests and diseases : Diseases Nematode Cowpea rust Pole sitao mosaic virus Fusarium wilt Pests Pod borer, Heliothis armigera Pod borer, Maruka testulalis Black aphids Bean fly Absent [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] ] Present [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] ] Not tested [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] ] 7.2 Special conditions for the examination of the variety ( I ) Type of culture under glass open field ( ii ) Part mainly consumed pod seed ( iii ) Main use fresh market or garden canning (indicate type) ( iv ) Other conditions [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] 7.3 Other information end of document 92 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) I. Subject of these Guidelines These Test Guidelines apply to all varieties of Solanum melongena L. II. Material Required The competent authorities decide when, where and in what quantity and quality the seed required for testing the variety is to be delivered. Applicants submitting material from a State other than that in which the testing takes place must make sure that all customs formalities are complied with. The minimum quantity of plant material to be supplied by the applicant in one or several samples should be : 15 g. The quantity of the seed to be delivered should not be below the standards of seeds for certification or marketing in the country concerned, especially in regard to germination capacity and moisture content. The plant material must not have undergone any treatment unless the competent authorities allow or request such treatment. If it has been treated, full details of the treatment must be given. III. Conduct of Tests The minimum duration of tests should be two similar growing periods. The tests should normally be conducted at one place. If any important characteristics of the variety cannot be seen at that place, the variety may be tested at an additional place. The tests should carried out under conditions ensuring normal growth. The size of the plots should be such that plants or parts of plants may be removed for measurement and counting without prejudice to the observations which must be made up to the end of the growing period. As a minimum, each test should include a total of 20 plants. Separate plots for observation and for measuring can only be used if they have been subject to similar environmental conditions. Additional tests for special purposes may be established. 93 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 IV. V. Methods and Observations All observations determined by measurement or counting should be made on 20 plants or parts of 20 plants. All observations on the leaf should be made on flowering branches at the early flowering stage. All observations on the fruits should be made on normally developed fruits during the 2nd-3rd harvest period. Grouping of Varieties The collection to be grown should be divided into groups to facilitate the assessment of distinctness. Characteristics which are suitable for grouping purposes are those which are known from experience not to vary or to vary only slightly, within a variety and which in their various states are fairly evenly distributed within the collection. It is recommended that the competent authorities used the following characteristics for grouping varieties: VI. Test Guidelines Fruit: length (characteristic 17) Fruit: ratio length/diameter (characteristic 19) Fruit: general shape (characteristic 20) Fruit: color of skin at commercial harvesting (characteristic 25) Fruit: stripes (characteristic 27) Fruit: color of flesh (characteristic 38) Characteristics and symbols To assess distinctness, homogeneity and stability, the characteristics in the Table of Characteristics should be used. Notes (1 to 9), for the purposes of electronic data processing, are given opposite the states of the different characteristics. Legend: (*) Characteristics that should be used every growing period for the examinations of all varieties and should always be included in the description of the variety, except when the states of expression of a proceeding characteristics or regional environmental conditions render this impossible. (+) See explanations of the Table of Characteristics in Chapter VIII. 94 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 VII. Test Guidelines Table of Characteristics Traits 1. (*) 2. 3. (*) 4. 5. 6. (*) 7. 8. Characteristics Seedling: anthocyanin coloration of hypocotyls Seedling: intensity of anthocyanin coloration of hypocotyls Plant: attitude/growth habit Plant: height Length of stem from cotyledon to node of first flower) Stem: anthocyanin coloration Stem: intensity of anthocyanin coloration Stem: hairiness absent Note/ Remarks 1 present 9 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 erect 3 semi-erect 5 prostrate/spreading 7 hort 3 medium 5 tall 7 short 3 medium 5 long 7 absent 1 present 9 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 Description/Category 95 Reference (Example)Varieties Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Traits Characteristics Description/Category 9. Branch: length of internodes short Note/ Remarks 3 medium 5 long 7 small 3 medium 5 large 7 entire 1 dentate 2 sinuate 3 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 absent 1 present 9 strong 7 absent or very weak 1 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 very strong 9 green 1 bluish green 2 violet green 3 10. 11. (*) (+) 12. 13. 14. 15. (*) Leaf: size Leaf: margin Leaf: degree of sinuation of margin Leaf: blistering Leaf: spininess Leaf: color 96 Reference (Example)Varieties Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Traits 16. 17. (*) 18. 19. (*) 20. (*) (+) 21. (*) 22. (*) (+) Characteristics Flower: purple color Fruit: length Fruit: diameter Fruit: ratio length/diameter Fruit: general shape Fruit: size of pistil scar Fruit: shape of apex Test Guidelines light Note/ Remarks 3 medium 5 dark 7 short 3 medium 5 long 7 small 3 medium 5 large 7 very small 1 small 3 medium 5 large 7 very large 9 pear-shaped 1 ovoid 2 globular 3 cylindrical 4 small 3 medium 5 large 7 indented 1 rounded 2 pointed 3 Description/Category 97 Reference (Example)Varieties Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Traits 23. 24. (*) 25. (*) 26. 27. (*) 28. 29. Characteristics Fruit: depth of indentation of apex Fruit: curvature (only for cylindrical types) Fruit: color of skin at commercial harvesting Fruit: intensity of color of skin (except for white; as for 25) Fruit: stripes Fruit: density of stripes Fruit: glossiness at harvest maturity Test Guidelines shallow Note/ Remarks 3 medium 5 deep 7 absent or very weak 1 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 very strong 9 white 1 yellow 2 green 3 mauve 4 purple 5 light 3 medium 5 dark 7 absent 1 present 9 sparse 3 medium 5 dense 7 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 Description/Category 98 Reference (Example)Varieties Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Traits 30. (*) 31. 32. 33. (*) 34. 35. (*) 36. 37. Characteristics Fruit: ribs Fruit: prominence of ribs Fruit: size of calyx Fruit: anthocyanin coloration lower portion of calyx Fruit: intensity of anthocyanin coloration lower portion of calyx Fruit: anthocyanin coloration of calyx Fruit: intensity of anthocyanin coloration of calyx Fruit: spininess of calyx Test Guidelines absent Note/ Remarks 1 present 9 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 small 3 medium 5 large 7 absent 1 present 9 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 absent 1 present 9 very weak 1 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 very strong 9 absent or very weak 1 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 very strong 9 Description/Category 99 Reference (Example)Varieties Test Guidelines Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Traits 38. (*) 39. 40. (*) 41. (*) 42. 43. 44. 45. Characteristics Fruit: color of flesh Fruit: color of skin at physiological ripeness Time of beginning of flowering Time of physiological ripeness Fruit firmness Fruit shelf life (under ambient condition; average no of days from harvest to 50% of the fruits still marketable) Resistance to Leaf hopper (Rating scale: 1-least damage to 5-most severe damage; data taken from field screening) Resistance to Eggplant shoot and fruit borer (ESFB) (Rating of EFSB based on fruit damaged; data taken from field screening) whitish Note/ Remarks 1 greenish 2 yellow 1 ochre 2 brown 3 early 3 medium 5 late 7 early 3 medium 5 late 7 soft 3 medium 5 firm 7 short 3 medium 5 long 7 susceptible 3 intermediate 5 resistant 7 susceptible 3 intermediate 5 resistant 7 Description/Category 100 Reference (Example)Varieties Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Traits 46. 47. Characteristics Resistance to Bacterial Wilt (based on seedling screening) Resistance to Phomopsis Test Guidelines susceptible Note/ Remarks 3 intermediate 5 resistant 7 susceptible 3 intermediate 5 resistant 7 Description/Category 101 Reference (Example)Varieties Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 VIII. Test Guidelines Explanations on the Table of Characteristics Leaf : margin 1 entire 2 dentate 3 sinuate Fruit : general shape 1 pear-shaped 2 ovoid 3 globular 4 cylindrical Fruit: shape of apex 1 indented 2 rounded 102 3 pointed Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 IX. Test Guidelines Literature Khan, R., 1979: “Solanum melongena and the problems of its origin and phylogenetic affinities,” J. Indian Bot. Soc., 58; pp. 99-109 Khan, R., 1979: “Solanum melongena and its ancestral forms,” In: Hawkes, J.G., Lester, R.N. and Skelding, A.D. eds.: “The biology and taxonomy of the Solanaceae,” London, Academic Press, pp. 629-636 Martin, F.W. and Rhodes, A.M., 1979: “Subspecific grouping of egg plant cultivars,“ Euphytica 28, pp. 367-383 Pearce, K., and Lester, R.N., 1979: “Chemotaxonomy of the cultivated egg plant – a new look at the taxonomic relationships of Solanum melongena.” In: Hawkes, J.G., Lester, R.N., and Skelding, A.D., eds.: “The biology and taxonomy of the Solanaceae.” London, Academic Press, pp. 616-628 Tindall, H.D., 1983: “Local Garden Egg.” In: “Vegetables in the Tropics.” London, MacMillan Press, pp. 360-365 103 Test Guidelines Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 X. Technical Questionnaire Reference Number: (not to be filled in by the applicant) TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE to be completed in connection with an application for plant breeder‟s rights 1. Species : Solanum melongena L. EGG PLANT 2. Applicant (Name and address) 3. Proposed denomination or breeder‟s reference 4. Information on origin, maintenance and reproduction of the variety 5. Characteristics of the variety to be given (the number in brackets refers to the corresponding characteristics in the Rest Guidelines; please mark the state of expression which best corresponds) Characteristics 5.1 (17) 5.2 (19) Fruit: length Fruit: ratio length/ diameter Description/Category short Reference (Example)Varieties Note/ Remarks 3 medium 5 long 7 Very small 1 Small 3 Medium 5 Large 7 Very large 9 104 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Characteristics 5.3 (20) 5.4 (21) 5.5 (22) 5.6 (24) 5.7 (25) 5.8 (27) 5.9 (35) Fruit: general shape Fruit: size of pistil scar Fruit: shape of apex Fruit: curvature (only for cylindrical types) Fruit: color of skin at commercial harvesting Fruit: stripes Fruit: anthocyanin coloration of calyx Test Guidelines Description/Category Pear-shaped Reference (Example)Varieties Note/ Remarks 1 Ovoid 2 Globular 3 Cylindrical 4 Small 3 Medium 5 Large 7 Indented 1 Rounded 2 Pointed 3 Absent or very weak 1[ ] Weak 3[ ] Medium 5[ ] Strong 7[ ] Very strong 9[ ] White 1[ ] Yellow 2[ ] Green 3[ ] Mauve 4[ ] Purple 5[ ] Absent 1[ ] Present 9[ ] Absent 1[ ] Present 9[ ] 105 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Characteristics 5.10 (38) Fruit: color of flesh Test Guidelines Whitish Note/ Remarks 1[ ] Greenish 2[ ] Description/Category Reference (Example)Varieties 6. Similar varieties and differences from these varieties Denomination of varieties Differences 7. Additional information which may help to distinguish the variety 7.1 Resistance to pests and diseases 7.2 Special conditions for the examination of the variety 7.3 Other information end of document 106 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. et Nakai.) I. Subject of these Guidelines These Test Guidelines apply to all varieties of Citrullus lanatus, (Thunb.) Matsum. et Nakai. II. III. IV. Material Required The Plant Variety Protection Office (PVPO) decides, when, where and in what quantity and quality the seed required for testing the variety is to be delivered. Applicants outside the Philippines must make sure that all custom formalities are complied with. As a minimum, for each year of test the following quantity of seed is recommended. 400 seeds The plant material must not have undergone any treatment unless the competent authorities allow or request such treatment. It has been treated, full details of the treatment must be given. Conduct of Tests The minimum duration of tests should be two similar growing periods. The tests should be normally conducted in one place. If any important characteristics of the variety can not be seen at that place, the variety maybe tested at an additional place. The tests should be carried out under conditions ensuring normal growth. The size of the plots should be such that plants or plant parts of plants maybe removed for measurement and counting without prejudice to observations which must be made up to the end of the growing period. As a minimum, each test should include 35 plants. In all cases the total number of plants should be divided between two or more replicates. Separate plots for observation and for measuring can only be used if they have been subject to similar environmental condition. Additional tests for special purposes may be established. Methods and Observations All plants indicated under Chapter III above should be used for the testing of uniformity. A population standard of 1% and an acceptance probability of 95% should be applied. The maximum number of types allowed would be one. Unless otherwise indicated, all observations determined by measurement should b e made on 20 plants or parts of 20 plants. 107 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 V. Test Guidelines All observations on the leaf should be recorded on fully developed leaves during the appearance of the first female flower. Unless otherwise indicated, all observations on the fruit should be made on first well developed, mature fruits. All observations on the seeds should be made on mature and dry seeds after washing and drying in the shade. When resistance characteristics are used for assessing distinctness. homogeneity and stability, records must be taken under conditions of controlled infection. Grouping of Varieties The collection to be grown should be divided into groups to facilitate he assessment of distinctness. Characteristics which are suitable for grouping purposes are those which are known from experience not to vary, or to vary only slightly, within a variety and which in their various states are fairly distributed within the collection. It is recommended that the competent authorities use the following characteristics for grouping varieties: VI. Ploidy Fruit Fruit : (Characteristic 1) : shape of longitudinal section (characteristic 29) : ground color of skin (characteristic 30) Characteristics and Symbols To assess distinctness, homogeneity and stability, the characteristics in the Table of characteristics should be used. Notes (1-9), for the purposes of electronic data processing, are given opposite the states of the different characteristics Legend (*) Characteristics that should be used every growing period for the examinations of all the varieties and should always be included in the description of the variety, except when the state of expression of a preceding characteristic or regional environmental conditions render this impossible. (+) See explanations on the Table of Characteristics in Chapter VIII. 108 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 VII. Test Guidelines Table of Characteristics Traits 1 (*) (*) 2 (*) 3 Characteristics Ploidy Seed: size Seed: ground color of testa diploid Note/ Remarks 2 triploid 3 tetraploid 4 very small 1 small 3 medium 5 large 7 very large 9 white 1 cream 2 green 3 red 4 Description/Category Reference Varieties light brown 4 5 Seed: secondary color of testa Seed: type of distribution of secondary color of testa red brown 5 brown 6 black 7 absent 1 present 9 in dots only 1 in patches only 2 in dots and in patches 3 109 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Traits 6 7 8 9 (*) 10 11 12 (*) 13 Characteristics Seed: area of secondary color in relation to that of ground color Seed: patches at hilum Seed: patches at margin Seedling: shape of Cotyledon Seedling: size of cotyledon Seedling: Intensity of green color of cotyledon Seedling: Spots on Cotyledon Seedling: Depression of nerves of Cotyledon Test Guidelines small Note/ Remarks 3 medium 5 large 7 absent 1 present 9 absent 1 present 9 narrow elliptic 1 elliptic 2 broad elliptic 3 small 3 medium 5 large 7 light 3 medium 5 dark 7 absent 1 present 9 absent 1 present 9 Description/Category 110 Reference Varieties Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Traits Characteristics Description/Category 14 Seedling: Length of hypocotyls short Note/ Remarks 3 medium 5 long 7 bush 1 runner 2 short 3 medium 5 long 7 absent 1 present 9 low 3 medium 5 high 7 early 3 medium 5 late 7 early 3 medium 5 late 7 short 3 medium 5 long 7 15 16 17 (*) 18 19 (*) 20 21 (*) Plant: growth habit Plant: Length of main stem (at the time of harvest of first fruit) Plant: Hermaphrodite flowers Plant: Number of nodes up to the first node with female flowers Time of female flowering (50% of plants with at least one female flower from sowing) Time of maturity (50% of plants with at least one ripe fruit from sowing) Leaf Blade: Length 111 Reference Varieties Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Traits 22 (*) 23 24 25 26 27 (*) (+) 28 29 Characteristics Leaf Blade: width Leaf Blade: Ratio length/width Leaf /blade: color Leaf/blade: intensity of color Leaf: Degree of lobing (beyond first flower) Leaf: depth of incisions of margin of leaf of central third of plant (as of 17) Leaf Blade: blistering Leaf Blade: undulation of margin Test Guidelines narrow Note/ Remarks 3 medium 5 broad 7 small 3 medium 5 large 7 yellow green 1 green 2 gray green 3 light 3 medium 5 dark 7 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 shallow 3 medium 5 deep 7 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 Description/Category 112 Reference Varieties Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Traits Characteristics Description/Category 30 (*) Leaf Blade: flecking absent Note/ Remarks 1 present 9 short 3 medium 5 long 7 small 3 medium 5 large 7 acute 3 rounded 5 obtuse 7 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 small 3 medium 5 large 7 Weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 31 32 33 34 35 36 Petiole: length Flower: size of petal of female flower (third to seventh flower) Flower: Shape of apex of petal of female flower Flower: anther dehiscence at low temperature Ovary: size Ovary: Pubescence 113 Reference Varieties Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Traits 37 (*) 38 (+) (*) 39 (+) (*) 40 Characteristics Fruit: weight (kg) Fruit: shape of longitudinal section Fruit: ground color of skin Fruit: intensity of green color of skin Test Guidelines very low Note/ Remarks 1 very low to low 2 low 3 low to medium 4 medium 5 medium to high 6 high 7 high to very high 8 high 9 round 1 broad elliptic 2 elliptic 3 cylindric 4 white 1 yellow 2 green 3 very light 1 very light to light 2 light 3 light to medium 4 medium 5 medium to dark 6 dark 7 dark to very dark 8 very dark 9 Description/Category 114 Reference Varieties Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Traits 41 42 (+) (*) 43 (+) 44 (*) 45 (+) 46 Characteristics Fruit: length of peduncle Fruit: size of insertion of peduncle Fruit: shape of basal part Fruit: depression of base Fruit: shape of apical part Fruit: depression at apex Test Guidelines short Note/ Remarks 3 medium 5 long 7 small 3 medium 5 large 7 flat 1 flat to rounded 2 rounded 3 rounded to conical 4 conical 5 shallow 3 medium 5 deep 7 Flat 1 flat to rounded 2 rounded 3 rounded to conical 4 conical 5 shallow 3 medium 5 deep 7 Description/Category 115 Reference Varieties Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Traits 47 (*) 48 (*) 49 (+) (*) 50 (+ 51 52 Characteristics Fruit: size of pistil scar Fruit: grooves Fruit: stripes Fruit: intensity of green color of stripes Fruit: width of stripes Fruit: marbling Test Guidelines small Note/ Remarks 3 medium 5 Large 7 Absent 1 at basal half 2 at apical half 3 on whole fruit 4 absent 1 present 9 very light 1 light 3 medium 5 dark 7 very dark 9 very narrow 1 narrow 3 medium 5 broad 7 very broad 9 absent 1 present 9 Description/Category 116 Reference Varieties Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Traits 53 (*) 54 (+) (*) 55 56 57 Characteristics Fruit: intensity of marbling Fruit: thickness of outer layer of pericarp Fruit: main color of flesh Fruit: intensity of main color of flesh Fruit: firmness of flesh Test Guidelines very weak Note/ Remarks 1 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 very strong 9 thin 3 medium 5 thick 7 white 1 yellow 2 orange 3 red 4 purple 5 others (pinkish red) 7 light 3 medium 5 dark 7 soft 3 medium 5 firm 7 Description/Category 117 Reference Varieties Test Guidelines Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Traits 58 59(+) 60 61 62 63 64 65 Characteristics Fruit: number of seeds Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum (E.F. Smith) Snyder et Hansen Resistance to Colletotrichum lagenarium (passerini) Ellis et Halsted Resistance to Downy mildew Resistance to Powdery mildew Resistance to Watermelon mosaic Resistance to aphids Resistance to fruit worm absent or very few Note/ Remarks 1 few 3 medium 5 many 7 very many 9 absent 1 present 9 absent 1 present 9 absent 1 present 9 absent 1 present 9 absent 1 present 9 absent 1 present 9 absent 1 present 9 Description/Category 118 Reference Varieties Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Traits Characteristics Description/Category 66 Resistance to thrips absent Note/ Remarks 1 present 9 absent 1 present 9 67 VIII. Resistance to whitefly Reference Varieties Explanation on the Table of Characteristics Trait No. 2 Seedlings : shape of cotyledon narrow elliptic elliptic broad elliptic Trait No. 18 Leaf blade : depth of incisions of margin of leaf of central third of plant The incisions should be observed at the largest leaf between the fifteenth and twentieth node of the main stem. shallow medium 119 deep Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Trait No. 29 Fruit : Shape of longitudinal section 1 round 2 broad elliptic 3 elliptic 4 cylindric Traits No. 30, 40, 41 Fruit : ground color of skin and color of stripes The ground color is defined as the lighter color and the color of the stripes as the darker color. Traits No. 33, 34, 36, 45 Fruit basal part (34) thickness of out layer of pericarp apical part insertion of peduncle 120 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Trait No. 59 Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (E. F. Smith) Snyder et Hansen Method Maintenance of races Type of medium: P.S.A. (Potatio, Sugar and Agar) medium Special conditions: Stored below 5oC Preparation of inoculum: Shaking culture in P. S. (Potato and Sugar) liquid medium for 7 to 10 days at 28oC. Filtration by using double gauzes. Adjusting concentration of spore to 1.5 x 107/ml with sterilized water. Execution of test Sowing the seeds: In sterilized soil Growth stage of plants: Expanding of first true leaf Method of inoculation: Soaking of roots and of hypocotyls axis for one minute in inoculum solution. After inoculation, transportation of plantlets in sterilized (by steam) soil or perlite. Number of plants tested: 10 to 20 plants Environmental condition after inoculation Temperature: Day: 25oC; night: 16oC Light: Natural (longer than 12 hours) Growing method: In the glasshouse or climatic room. Application of liquid fertilizer every week. Duration of test Inoculation – last observation: Remarks Keeping of pathogenecity: 20 days. Disease symptoms appear from 5 to 10 days after inoculation. Observation should be made on several occasions. Renewal of medium at least once a year. Standard varieties: Black Diamond, Kaho Charleston Gray Calhoun Gray P.I. 296341-FR Race 0 S R R R Race 1 S S R R S: susceptible 121 Race 2 S S R R R: resistant Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Trait No. 60 Resistance to Colletotrichum lagenarium (passerini) Ellis et Halsted Maintenance of races Type of medium: P.S.A. (Potatio, Sugar and Agar) medium Special conditions: Stored below 5oC Preparation of inoculum: Shaking culture in P. S. (Potato and Sugar) liquid medium for 7 to 10 days at 28oC. Filtration by using double gauzes. Adjusting concentration of spore to 1.5 x 107/ml with sterilized water. Execution of test Sowing the seeds: In sterilized soil Growth stage of plants: Expanding of 2nd to 3rd true leaf Method of inoculation: Inoculated plants should be placed in a dark and humid chamber at 25oC with 100% relative humidity for 48 hours before being moved to glasshouse. Number of plants tested: 10 to 20 plants Environmental condition after inoculation Temperature: Day: 25oC; night: 16oC Light: Natural (longer than 12 hours) Growing method: In the glasshouse Duration of test Inoculation – last observation: 25 days Remarks Race: Three races are identified Keeping of pathogenecity: Renewal of medium at least once a year. Standard varieties: Kaho Charleston Gray Congo African citron W-695 Race 0 Race 1 S R S S Race 2 S R S R S S: susceptible 122 R: resistant Test Guidelines Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 IX. Literature CRALL, J.M., 1959: “Effect of Seed source on Watermelon Maturity,” Proc.Amer.Soc.Hort.Sci. 74, pp 555-557 CRALL, J.M., MONTELARO, J., 1972: “Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Jubilee Watermelon,” Proc.Fra. State Hoest. Soc. 85, pp 102-105 Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative, Cucurbit Gene List Committee, 1987: “Gene List for Watermelon,” Cucurbit Gent. Coop. Rpt. 10, pp 106-110 ELMSTROM, G.W., HOPKINS, D.L., 1981: “Resistance of Watermelon Cultivars to Fusarium Wilt” Plant Disease 65(10), pp 825-827 KANDA, T., 1951: “Triploid Watermelons,” Proc.Am.Soc.Hortic.Sci.58, pp 217230 KENSLER, T.R., BARHAM, W.S., 1958: “The Inheritance of Seed Size in Watermelon,” Proc.Amer.Soc. Hort.Sci. 71, pp 480-484 MARTYN, R.D., MCLAUGHLYN, R.J., 1983: “Susceptibility of Summer Squash to the Watermelon Wilt Pathogen (Fusarium osyxporum f. sp. niveum),” Plant Disease 67(3), pp 263-266 MARTYN, R.D., NETZER, D., 1991: “Resistance to Race 0, 1 and 2 of Fusarium Wilt of Watermelon in Citrullus sp.,” PI-296341-FR MIZUNO, S., PRATT, H.K., 1973: “Relations of Respiration and Ethylene Production to Matury in the Watermelon,” J.Amer.Soc.Hort.Sci. 98(6), pp 614-617 MOHR, H.C., 1963: “Utilization of the Genetic Character for Short-internode in Improvement of the Watermelon”, J.Amer.Soc.Hort.Sci. 82, pp 454-459 POOL, C.F., PORTER, D.R., 1933: “pollen Gemination and Development in Watermelon,” Proc.Amer.Soc.Hort.Sci. 30, pp 526-530 POOL, C.F., GRIMBALL, P.C., PORTER, D.R., 1941: “Inheritance of Seed Characters in Watermelon,” Jour.Agr.Res. 66, pp 433-456 SHIMOTSUMA, M., JONES, C.M., 1972: “Effect of Ethephon and Daylight on Sex Expression of Muskmelon and Watermelon,” Hort.Sci. 7, pp 73-75 123 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 X. Test Guidelines Technical Questionnaire Reference Number: (not to be filled in by the applicant) TECHNICAL QUESTIONAIRE to be completed in connection with an application for plant breeders‟ rights 1. Species : Citrullus lanatus (Thumb.) Matsum. Et Nakai WATERMELON 2. Applicant (Name and address) 3. Proposed denomination or breeder‟s reference 4. Information on origin, maintenance and reproduction of the variety 4.1 Method of maintenance and reproduction Hybrid [ ] Open pollinated variety [ ] 4.2 Other Information 5. Characteristics of the variety to be given (the number in brackets refers to the corresponding characteristic in the Test Guidelines; please mark the state of expression which best corresponds. Characteristics 5.1 (1) Ploidy Description/Category Example Varieties Note diploid 2[ ] triploid 3[ ] tetraploid 4[ ] 124 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Characteristics 5.2 (37) 5.3 (38) 5.4 (39) 55. (49) 5.6 (55) Fruit: weight Fruit: shape of longitudinal section Fruit: ground color of skin Fruit: stripes Fruit: main color of flesh Test Guidelines Description/Category Example Varieties Note very low 1[ ] very low to low 2[ ] low 3[ ] low to medium 4[ ] medium 5[ ] medium to high 6[ ] high 7[ ] high to very high 8[ ] very high 9[ ] round 1[ ] broad elliptic 2[ ] elliptic 3[ ] cylindric 4[ ] white 1[ ] yellow 2[ ] green absent 3[ ] 1[ ] present white 9[ ] 1[ ] yellow 2[ ] orange 3[ ] red 4[ ] purple 5[ ] 125 Test Guidelines Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 6. Similar varieties and differences from these varieties Denomination of similar variety Characteristic in which the similar variety is different1 State of expression of similar variety State of expression of candidate variety In the case of identical states of expression of both varieties, please indicate the size of the difference. 1 7. Additional information which may help to distinguish the variety. 7.1 Resistance to pests and diseases (i) Fusarium oxysporum f. niveum (E.F. Smith) Snyder et Hansen Race 0 Race 1 Race 3 Absent Present Not Tested [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] (ii) Colletotrichum lagenarium (passerini) Ellis et Halsted [ ] Race 0 [ ] Race 1 [ ] Race 3 (iii) Other resistance (specify) Downy mildew Powdery mildew Aphids Thrips White flies Fruit Worm 7.2 Special conditions for the examination of the variety (i) Use - in the greenhouse [] - in the open [] - in the open and in greenhouse [] (ii) Other conditions 7.3 Other information end of document 126 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Onion and Shallot (Allium cepa L, Allium cepa var. ascalonicum L.) I. Subject of these Guidelines These Test Guidelines apply to all seed and vegetatively propagated varieties of onion (Allium cepa L.) and multiplier onion or shallot (A. cepa var. ascalonicum) II. Material Required The Plant Variety Protection Office (PVPO) decides where and in what quantity and quality the plant material required for testing the variety is to be delivered. Applicants submitting material outside the Philippines must make sure all customs formalities are complied with. The minimum quantity of plant material or seed to be supplied by the applicant in one or several samples should be: III. IV. Seed propagated varieties : 30g of seed Vegetatively propagated varieties : 500 bulblets or sets The seeds submitted for testing must have at least 90% germination, utmost 10% moisture content and 99% purity. The seed and plant material must not have undergone any treatment unless the PVPO requires such treatment. If it has been treated, full details of the treatment must be given. Conduct of Tests A minimum of two tests will be required and these be conducted during the dry season at one place. If any important characteristics of the variety cannot be seen at that place, the variety may be tested at an additional location. The tests should be carried out under conditions ensuring normal growth. The size of the plots should be 1 x 5 m. or 10 sq. m. for the two replications following 20 cm x 20 cm planting distance. Each test should include a total of 250 plants. Separate plots for observation and for measuring can only be used if they have been subject to similar environmental conditions. Additional tests for special purposes may be established. Methods and Observations All observations determined by measurement or counting should be made on 60 plants or parts taken from each of 60 plants. For the assessment of uniformity of vegetatively propagated varieties, a population standard of 1% with an acceptance probability of at least 95% should be 127 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines applied. In the case of a sample size of 100 plants the maximum number of off-types allowed would be 3. For the assessment of uniformity of open-pollinated and hybrid varieties relative uniformity standards should be applied. V. All observations on the leaf and the foliage should be made on the fifth leaf stage. All observations on the bulb should be made at harvest maturity. Grouping of Varieties The collection of varieties to be grown should be divided into groups to facilitate the assessment of distinctness. Characteristics which are suitable for growing purposes are those which are know from experience not to vary, or to vary only slightly, within a variety. Their various stage of expression should be fairly distributed throughout the collection. It is recommended that the following characteristics will be used for grouping varieties: VI. Bulb: splitting into bulblets (with dry skin around each bulblet) (characteristic 10) Bulb/Bulblet: general shape (in longitudinal section) (characteristic 18) Bulb/Bulblet: basic color for dry skin ( characteristic 23) Characteristics and Symbols To assess distinctness, uniformity and stability, the characteristics and their states as given in the Table of Characteristics should be used. The name of each example variety is followed by an abbreviation indicating whether the variety is an onion (O) or a shallot (S). Notes (numbers), for purposes of electronic data processing, are given opposite the states of expression for each characteristic. Legend: (*) Characteristics that should be used on all varieties in every growing period over which the examinations are made and always be included in the variety descriptions, except when the state of expression of a preceding characteristics or regional environmental conditions render this impossible. (+) See Explanations on the Table of Characteristics in Chapter VIII. (1) The optimum stage of development for the assessment of each characteristic is indicated by a number in the second column. The stages of development denoted by each number are described at the end of the Chapter VIII. (2) Type of example variety: O = Onion, S = Shallot. 128 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 VII. Table of Characteristics Trait No. Characteristics 1. (*) Plant: number of leaves per pseudostem 2 (*) 3 (*) 4. (*) 5. (* ) (+) 6.1 Test Guidelines Foliage: orientation Foliage: waxiness Foliage: green color Foliage: cranking Onion varieties only: Leaf: length Description / Category Reference (Example)Varities Onion Shallot Note / Remarks few 3 medium 5 many 7 erect 1 semi-erect 2 horizontal 3 absent 1 medium 5 strong 9 light 3 medium 5 dark 7 absent or very weak 1 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 very strong 9 very short 1 short 3 medium 5 long 7 very long 9 129 Test Guidelines Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 6.2 7.1 (*) 7.2 (*) 8. (+) 9. (+) Characteristics Shallot varieties only: Leaf: length Onion varieties only: Leaf: diameter Shallot varieties only: Leaf: diameter Onion varieties only: Pseudostem: length (up to highest green leaf) Onion varieties only: Pseudostem: diameter (at midpoint of length) Description / Category Reference (Example)Varities Onion Shallot Note / Remarks very short 1 short 3 medium 5 long 7 very long 9 small 3 medium 5 large 7 small 3 medium 5 large 7 short 3 medium 5 long 7 small 3 medium 5 large 7 10.a (*) (+) Bulb:splitting into bulblet (with dry skin around each bulblet) absent 1 present 9 10.b (*) Bulb: internal split absent 1 present 9 weak (1-2) 3 medium (3-4) 5 strong ( more than 5) 7 11 (*) Shallot varieties only: Bulb: degree of splitting into bulblet 130 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 12.a (*) 12.b (*) 13.a (*) 13.b (*) 14.a (*) 14.b (*) 15.a (*) Characteristics Onion varieties only: Bulb: size Shallot varieties grown from bulblets only: Bulblet: size Onion varieties only: bulb Polar diameter Shallot varieties grown from bulblets only: Bulblet: polar diameter Onion varieties only: Bulb: equatorial diameter Shallot varieties grown from bulblet only: Bulblet: equatorial diameter Onion varieties only: Bulb:ratio height/diameter Test Guidelines Description / Category Reference (Example)Varities Onion Shallot Note / Remarks small 3 medium 5 large 7 small 3 medium 5 large 7 short 3 medium 5 tall 7 short 3 medium 5 tall 7 small 3 medium 5 large 7 small 3 medium 5 large 7 small 3 medium 5 large 7 131 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 15.b (*) 16 (*) (+) 17 (+) 18 (*) (+) 19. (*) (+) Characteristics Shallot varieties from Bulblet only: Bulblet: Ratio height/diameter Bulb/Bulblet: position of maximum diameter Bulb/Bulblet: width of neck Bulb/Bulblet: general shape (in longitudinal section) Onion varieties only: Bulb: shape of top (as for 18) Depressed Test Guidelines Description / Category Reference (Example)Varities Onion Shallot Note / Remarks small 3 medium 5 large 7 towards apex 1 at middle 2 towards base 3 narrow 3 medium 5 broad 7 elliptic 1 ovate 2 broad elliptic 3 circular 4 broad ovate 5 broad obovate 6 rhombic 7 transverse elliptic 8 transverse narrow elliptic 9 flat 1 slightly raised 2 rounded 3 slightly sloping 4 strongly sloping 5 132 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 20. (*) (+) 21. 22. 23. (*) 24. (*) Characteristics Bulb/Bulblet: shape of base (as for 18) Bulb/Bulblet: adherence of dry skin after harvest Bulb/Bulblet: thickness of dry skin Bulb/Bulblet: basic color of dry skin Bulb/Bulblet: intensity of basic color of dry skin Test Guidelines Description / Category Reference (Example)Varities Onion Shallot Note / Remarks recessed 1 flat 2 round 3 weakly tapered 4 strongly tapered 5 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 thin 3 medium 5 thick 7 white 1 gray 2 green 3 yellow 4 brown 5 pink 6 red 7 light 3 medium 5 dark 7 133 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 25. (*) 26. (*) 27. (*) (+) 28. (+) 29. Characteristics Bulb/Bulblet: hue of color of dry skin (in addition to basic color) Bulb/Bulblet: coloration of epidermis of fleshy scales Bulb/Bulblet: number of axes Bulb/Bulblet: dry matter content Onion: tendency to bolt Test Guidelines Description / Category Reference (Example)Varities Onion Shallot Note / Remarks absent 1 grayish 2 greenish 3 yellowish 4 brownish 5 pinkish 6 reddish 7 purplish 8 absent 1 greenish 2 reddish 3 very few 1 few 3 medium 5 many 7 very low 1 low 3 medium 5 high 7 very high 9 absent or very weak weak 1 medium 5 strong 7 very strong 9 134 3 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 30. 31.a 31.b 32. (*) 33. 33.1 33.2 Characteristics Onion varieties only: time of beginning of bolting Onion varieties only: time of harvest maturity Shallot varieties only: time of harvest maturity Time of sprouting during storage Reaction to Pest Purple blotch Cercospora leaf spot Test Guidelines Description / Category Reference (Example)Varities Onion Shallot early 3 medium 5 late 7 early 3 medium 5 late 7 early Australia, Farmer‟s Batanes 3 medium Tanduyong 5 late Batanes 7 early Batanes 3 medium Tanduyong 5 7 late Red Pinoy, Nueventa Farmer‟s Batanes susceptible Red Pinoy, Nueventa Farmer‟s Batanes resistant 6 S (Sumenep) susceptible Red Pinoy, Nueventa Farmer‟s Batanes Red Pinoy, Nueventa Farmer‟s Batanes Red Pinoy, Nueventa Farmer‟s Batanes Red Pinoy, Nueventa Farmer‟s Batanes resistant 33.3 Bulb rot susceptible resistant 33.4 Anthracnose susceptible resistant 33.5 Nematode Note / Remarks susceptible resistant 135 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 VIII. Test Guidelines Explanations on the Table of Characteristics Trait No. 5 Foliage : cranking 1 absent or very weak 3 weak 5 medium 7 strong 9 very strong Trait No. 8 and 9 Onion varieties only : pseudostem : length (up to highest green leaf) (8) and diameter (at midpoint of length) (9) Trait No. 10 Bulb : splitting into bulblets (with dry skin around each bulblet) 1 absent 9 present 136 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Trait No. 16 Bulb/Bulblet : position of maximum diameter 1 towards apex 2 at middle 3 towards base Trait No. 17 Bulb/Bulblet : width of neck 1 very narrow 3 narrow 5 medium 7 broad 9 very broad Trait No. 18 Bulb/Bulblet : general shape ( in longitudinal section) 1 elliptic 2 ovate 3 broad elliptic 137 4 circular 5 broad ovate Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 6 broad obovate Test Guidelines 7 rhombic 9 tranverse narrow elliptic 8 tranverse elliptic Ad. 19 Onion varieties only : Bulb : shape of top (as for 18) 1 depressed 2 flat 3 slightly raised 4 rounded 5 slightly sloping 6 strongly sloping Ad. 20 Bulb/Bulblet : shape of base (as for 18) 1 recessed flat 2 flat 3 round 138 4 weakly tapered 5 strongly tapered Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Ad. 27 Bulb/Bulblet: number of axes The number of axes should be assessed when the bulb/bulblet has completely died back and before there is any sprouting. The bulb or bulblet should be cut in transverse section, starting at the widest point and make further cuts towards the base of the bulb/bulblet, until there is consistency in the number of axes. Each axis appears as a point, often greenish in color surrounded by tissue rings. Ad. 28 Bulb/Bulblet: dry matter content Dry matter content should be determined according to IV-I for 3 x 20 bulbs (e.g. one sample of 20 bulbs from each plot). From these bulbs the dry skin should be prepared by cutting the bulbs into small pieces of 1-5 mm size. A representative sample should be weighed directly after cutting ( we should be aware that the biodegradation of sugars and carbohydrates starts as soon as cells are damaged). The sample should be dried for 2 hours at 1050C and then the temperature should be lowered to 650C during 22 hours. Lowering of temperature is necessary to avoid caramelisation. The remaining weight should be assed after 24 hours. From these figures the dry matter content may be calculated. The dry matter content could also be assessed by obtaining the total soluble solids (TSS) using a refractometer. Ad. 35 Time of sprouting during storage Care should be taken to exclude damaged bulbs. Storage temperature should be maintained under ambient condition. Code for the Growth Stages 1 : Seed to Bulb Growth stage / General description Vegetative Cycle 00 0 Dry Germination Seedling growth 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Emerged seedling at „loop‟ stage Seedling with testa above ground and still attached to cotyledon Emergence of first true leaf Second true leaf stage Third leaf stage Fourth leaf stage Fifth leaf stage 139 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Plant Growth Sixth leaf stage 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 Seventh leaf stage-first leaf senescing Eighth leaf stage Tenth leaf stage; second and third leaf senescing; early bulb development Full expansion of leaves achieved; continued swelling of bulb Beginning of foliage fall-over, weakening of false stem turgidity Leaves dry off; bulb size continues to increase; darkening of bulb scales Bulb at harvestable maturity Complete die-back of foliage; bulb top seals over for dormancy Reproductive Cycle Start of sprouting in store – swelling of root initials or emergence of shoot at top of bulb 170.1 180.1 190.1 200.1 210.1 220.1 230.1 240.1 250.1 260.1 270.1 280.1 290.1 300.1 310.1 320.1 330.1 Sprouted bulbs with emerging leaves Splitting of outer skin Emergence of scape and underdeveloped spathe Scape elongation and swelling of middle Swelling of spathe Splitting of spade Enlargement of umbel Opening of florets (where fertile) Pollination of florets Seed set – swelling of pollinated ovaries Ripe seed in umbels 140 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Dry seed 150 160.2 170.2 180.2 190.2 200.2 210.2 220.2 240.2 250.2 260.2 270.2 280.2 290.2 300.2 Dry bulb with complete foliage die-back Bulb shape becoming less rounded Bulb shape becoming irregular with development of small splits in the dry outer skin More than one growing point emerging from the top of the bulb Long splits developing in the outer skin of the bulb and differentiation of bulb into bulblets Separation ob bulblets from parent bulb except at base. Bulblets separated from each other by a dry outer skin Complete separation of bulblets from „parent bulb‟ Development of many leaves Literature BREWSTER, J. L., 1994: “Crop Production Science in Horticulture 3: Onions and Other Vegetables Alliums.” CAB International. BREWSTER, J. L. and BARNES, A., 1981: “A Comparison of Relative Growth Rates of Different Individual Plants and Different Cultivars of Onion of Diverse Geographic Origin at Two Temperatures and Two Light Intensities.” Journal of Applied Ecology Vol. 18, 589-604. BREWSTER, J. L., SALTER, P. J. and DARBY, R. J., 1977: “ Analysis of the Growth and Yield of Over-wintered Onions.” Journal of Horticulture Science Vol. 52, 335-346. CLARKE, A. E., JONES, H. A. and LITTLE, T. M., 1994: “Inheritance of Bulb Colour in the Onion.” Genetics 29, pp 569-575. EL-SHAFIE, M. W. and DAVIES, G. N., 1967: “ Inheritance of Bulb Color in the Onion (Allium cepa L.).” Hilgardia Vol. 38, No. 17, 607-622. JONES, H. A., CLARKE, A. E. and STEVENSON, F. J., 1944: “Studies in the Genetics of the Onion (Allium cepa L.).” Proceedings of the American Society for Horticulture Science 44, pp 479-484. JONES, H. A. and MANN, L. K., 1963: “onions and Their Allies: Botany, Cultivation and Utilisation.” London, Leonard Hill. JONES, H. A. and PETERSON, C. E., 1952: “Complementary Factors for Light-Red Bulb Colour in Onions.” Proceedings of the American Society for Horticulture Science Vol. 59, 457. 141 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines KAPPERT and RUDOLF, W., 1962: “Züchtung von Gemüse, Obst, Reben and Forstpflanzen.” Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin und Hamburg, pp 270-312. KUCKUCK, H. and KOBAKE, G., 1962, in ROEMER, T. and RUDOLF, W., 1962: “Handbuch der Pfanzen-Züchtung, Band VI.” Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin und Hamburg. MAGRUDER, R. and ALLARD, H. A., 1937: “Bulb Formation in Some American and European Varieties of Onions as Affected by Length of Day.” Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 54, Part No. 10, 719-752. MAGRUDER, R. et al, 1941: “Descriptions and Types of Principal American Varieties of Onion.” USDA, Miscellaneous Publication No. 435, Washington DC. MESSIAEN, C. M., COHAT, L., LEROUX, J. P., PICHON, M., BEYRIES, A., 1993: “Les allium alimentaires reproduits para voie végétative.” INRA Editions, Paris. MIDMORE, D. J., 1994, (Editor): “International Symposium on Alliums for the Tropics.” Acta Horticulturae, 358. RABINOWITCH, H. D. and BREWSTER, J. L., 1990: “ Onions and Allied Crops.” Vol. 1-3 CRC Press, Boca Raton. REIEMAN, G. H., 1931: “Genetic Factors for Pigmentation in the Onion and Their Relation to Disease Resistance.” Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 42, No. 5, 251-278. SCULLY, N. J., PARKER, M. W. and BORTHWICK, H. A. 1945: “Interaction of Nitrogen Nutrition and Photo-period as Expressed in Bulbing and Flower Stalk Development of Onion.” Botanical Gazette Vol. 107, 52-61. SCWARTZ, H. F. and MOHAN, S. K., 1995 (Editors): “Compendium of Onion and Garlic Diseases.” The American Phytopathological Society, (ISBN: 0-89-54-170-1). WRIGHT, C. J. and SOBEIGH, W. Y., 1986: “The Photo-periodic Regulation of Bulbing in Onions (Allium cepa L.), Effects of Irradiance.” Journal of Horticulture Science Vol. 61, Part 3, 311-335. 142 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 X. Test Guidelines Technical Questionnaire Reference Number (not to be filled in by the applicant) _____________________________ _____________________________ TECHNICAL QUESTIONAIRE to be completed in connection with an application for plant breeders‟ rights 1. Species Allium cepa L. Allium escalonicum L. (a) (b) ONION SHALLOT ( ( 2. Applicant (Name and address) 3. Proposed denomination or breeder‟s reference 4. Information on origin, maintenance and reproduction of the variety 4.1 Variety type (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) open-pollinated single hybrid three-way hybrid clone other type (indicate what type) ( ( ( ( ( Other information 143 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines 5. Characteristics of the variety to be indicated ( the number in brackets refers to the corresponding characteristic in Test Guidelines; please mark the state of expression which best corresponds). Characteristics 5.1 (1) 5.2 (4) 5.3a (10) 5.3b 5.4.1 (12.1) 5.4.2 (12.2) 5.5 (18) Plant: number of leaves per pseudostem Foliage: green color Bulb: splitting into bulblets (with dry skin around each bulblet) Bulb: internal split Onion varieties only: Bulb: size Shallow varieties grown from blblets only: Bulblet: size Bulb/Bulblet: general shape (in longitudinal section) Description/Category Example Varieties Note few 3[ ] medium 5[ ] many 7[ ] light 3[ ] medium 5[ ] dark absent 7[ ] 1[ ] present absent 9[ ] 1[ ] present small 9[ ] 3[ ] medium 5[ ] large small 7[ ] 3[ ] medium 5[ ] large elliptic 7[ ] 1[ ] ovate 2[ ] broad elliptic 3[ ] circular 4[ ] broad ovate 5[ ] broad obovate 6[ ] rhombic 7[ ] transverse elliptic 8[ ] transverse narrow elliptic 9[ ] 144 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Characteristics 5.6 (23) 5.7 (25) 5.8 (33) Test Guidelines Description/Category Bulb/Bulblet: basic color of dry skin Note white 1[ ] grey 2[ ] green 3[ ] yellow 4[ ] brown 5[ ] pink 6[ ] red 7[ ] absent 1[ ] grayish 2[ ] greenish 3[ ] yellowish 4[ ] brownish 5[ ] pinkish 6[ ] reddish 7[ ] Bulb/bulblet: hue of color of dry skin Onion varieties only: Time of harvest maturity Example Varieties purplish 8[ ] very early 1[ ] early 2[ ] medium 3[ ] late 4[ ] very late 5[ ] 145 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines 6. Similar varieties and differences between these varieties Denomination of Characteristic in which the State of expression similar variety similar variety is different o) of similar variety State of expression of candidate variety o) In the case of identical states of expressions of both varieties, please indicate the size of the difference. 7. Additional information which may help to distinguish the variety. 7.1 Resistance to pests and diseases 7.2 Special conditions for testing the variety 7.2.1 Day length conditions which favor full bulb development (a) short day [ ] (b) long day 7.2.2 Dry matter content (a) low [ ] (b) medium [ ] (c) high [ ] [ ] Suitability for storage (a) none [ ] (b) short term [ ] (c) long term Other information 8. [ ] Authorization for release (a) Does the variety require prior authorization for release under legislation concerning the protection of the environment, human and animal health? Yes [ ] No [ ] (b) Has such authorization been obtained? Yes [ ] No [ ] If the answer to that question is yes, please attach a copy of such an authorization. end of document 146 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) I. Coverage of These Guidelines The Test of Guidelines described in this publication for the conduct of distinctness, uniformity and stability tests (DUS) shall apply to all varieties of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. syn Lycopersicon lycopersicon (L.) Karstenex Farw.). II. Plant Propagation Material Requirement Upon application, 3,000 viable and high quality seeds are to be submitted to the Plant Variety Protection Office (PVPO) together with the application. Applicants outside the Philippines must make sure that all custom formalities regarding seed exportation/importation are complied with. The PVP office will determine the additional amount of seeds to be submitted to the PVP office for the substantive examinations or comparative growing trial. The minimum requirement, however, is 10g or 3,000. Seeds must have at least 90% germination, 99% purity, at most 10% moisture content, vigorous, and free from pest or disease The seeds should not have undergone any form of treatment unless otherwise allowed or requested by the PVP Board in certain circumstances. In such cases, the details of the seed treatment must be clearly described and declared. III. Conduct of Tests The minimum duration of the DUS test should be at least two similar growing periods i.e. two dry or two wet seasons. The test should be conducted in at least one location or at least in one accredited DUS Testing Center to be determined by the PVP Board. The comparative growing trial must be carried out under conditions that would ensure normal growth of the plants. The size of the plots should be such that plants or parts of plants may be removed for measurement and counting without prejudice to the observations which must be made up to the end of the growing period. Each trial or test should have at least two replications. The minimum total number of plants to be tested for each comparative growing trial is 20 plants for greenhouse evaluation and 40 plants for open field trials. Separate plots for observation and for measurement purposes can only be used if the growing and environmental conditions are similar. All test varieties must be treated uniformly i.e. water or irrigation, insecticide, fungicide, and others following the requirement of National Cooperative Trials (NCT) cultural management recommendations. 147 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 IV. Test Guidelines Methods and Observations Unless otherwise indicated, all observations determined by measurement, weighing or counting should be made on 20 plants or parts taken from each of 20 plants. For the assessment of uniformity, a population standard of one percent (1%) and an acceptance probability of at least ninety-five (95%) should be applied. In the case of a sample size of 20 plants, the maximum number of off-types allowed would be one (1) In the case of a sample size of 40 plants, the maximum number of off-types would be two (2). When the resistance characteristics are used for assessing distinctness, uniformity and stability, records must be taken under conditions of controlled infection and, unless otherwise specified, on at least 10 plants. All observations on the leaf should be made before ripening of the first fruit cluster. V. Grouping of Varieties To facilitate the assessment of distinctness, the varieties for evaluation should be divided into groups. Characteristics which are suitable for grouping purposes are those with are known from experience not to vary, or to vary only slightly, within a variety. Their various states of expression should be fairly evenly distributed throughout the collection. It is recommended that the following characteristics be used for grouping varieties: Plant: growth type (characteristic 2) Maturity (duration of harvest) VI. Characteristics and Symbols The test for distinctness, uniformity and stability should be based on the characteristics and their state of expressions as listed in the Table of Characteristics (next chapter). For the purpose of electronic data processing, notes (numbers) are given opposite the states of the different characteristics. Following are the legend/description of the symbols used in the Table of Characteristics: (*) refers to characteristics that should be used on all varieties in every growing period over which examinations are made and always included in the variety descriptions, except when the state of expression of a preceding characteristic or certain environmental condition would render this impossible (+) See explanations on the Table of Characteristics in Chapter VIII. 148 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 VII. Trait No. 1. (*) 2. (*) (+) 3. 4. (+) 5. (+) 6. (*) 7. (*) Test Guidelines Table of Characteristics for Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Characteristic Seedling: anthocyanin coloration of hypocotyls Plant: growth type Only determinate growth type varieties: Plant: number of inflorescences on main stem (sideshoots to be removed) Stem: anthocyanin coloration of upper third Only indeterminate growth type of varieties: Stem: length of internode (between 1st and 4th inflorescence) Leaf: attitude/orientation in middle third of plant Leaf: length (indicate range for each category) Description/ Category Reference (Example) Varieties Note/ Remarks absent 1 present 9 determinate 1 indeterminate 2 few 3 medium 5 many 7 absent or very weak weak 1 medium 5 strong 7 very strong 9 short 3 medium 5 long 7 semi-erect 3 horizontal 5 semidrooping short 7 medium 5 long 7 149 3 3 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 8. (*) 9. (*) 10. (+) 11. 12. 13a. 13b. 14. Characteristic Leaf: width (indicate range for each category) Leaf: division of blade Leaf: size of leaflets (in middle of leaf) Leaf: intensity of green color Leaf: glossiness (as for 6) Leaf: blistering (as for 6) Leaf: blistering if present (as for 6) Leaf: size of blisters (as for 6) Test Guidelines Description/ Category Reference (Example) Varieties Note/ Remarks narrow 3 medium 5 broad 7 pinnate 1 bipinnate 2 very small 1 small 3 medium 5 large 7 very large 9 light 3 medium 5 dark 7 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 absent 1 present 9 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 small 3 medium 5 large 7 150 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 15. (+) 16. 17. 18. (+) 19. (*) 20. (*) (+) 21. (*) (+) 22. (*) Characteristic Leaf: attitude/orientation of petiole of leaflet in relation to main axis (as for 6) Inflorescence: type (2nd and 3rd truss) Flower: fasciation (first flower of inflorescence) Flower: pubescence of style Flower: color Peduncle: abscission layer Only for varieties with abscission layers Peduncle: length (from abscission layer to calyx) Fruit: size (individual fruit weight in grams) Test Guidelines Description/ Category Reference (Example) Varieties Note/ Remarks semi-erect 3 horizontal 5 semidrooping mainly uniparous intermediate 7 mainly uniparous absent (sessiled) present (pediceled) absent or very scarce present 3 yellow 1 orange 2 absent 1 present 9 short 3 medium 5 long 7 very small 1 small 3 medium 5 large 7 very large 9 151 1 2 1 9 1 9 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 23. (*) 24. (*) (+) 25. (*) Characteristic Fruit: ratio Length/diameter Fruit: shape in longitudinal section Fruit: ribbing at peduncle end Test Guidelines Description/ Category very small Reference (Example) Varieties Note/ Remarks 1 small 3 medium 5 large 7 very large 9 flattened 1 slightly flattened circular 2 rectangular 4 cylindrical 5 elliptic 6 heart-shaped 7 obovate 8 ovate 9 pear-shaped 10 absent or very weak weak 1 medium 5 strong 7 very strong 9 152 3 3 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 26. 27. (+) 28. 29. Characteristic Fruit: cross section Fruit: depression at peduncle end Fruit: size of peduncle scar Fruit: size of blossom scar Test Guidelines Description/ Category Reference (Example) Varieties Note/ Remarks not round 1 round 2 medium 5 large 7 very large 9 absent or very weak weak 1 medium 5 strong 7 very strong 9 very small 1 small 3 medium 5 large 7 very large 9 very small 1 small 3 medium 5 large 7 very large 9 153 3 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 30. (+) 31. 32. 33. (*) Characteristic Fruit: shape at blossom end Fruit: size of core in cross section (in relation to total diameter) Fruit: thickness of pericarp Fruit: number of locules Test Guidelines Description/ Category Reference (Example) Varieties Note/ Remarks Indented 1 indented to flat flat 2 flat to pointed 4 pointed (Slight) pointed (Medium) highly Pointed 5 very small 1 Small 3 Medium 5 Large 7 very large 9 Thin 3 medium 5 thick 7 only two 1 two or three 2 three or four 3 four, five or six more than six 4 154 3 7 9 5 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 34. (*) 35. (*) 36. (*) 37. (*) 38. (*) 39. (*) Characteristic Fruit: green shoulder before maturity Fruit: extent of green shoulder (as for 34) Fruit: intensity of green color of shoulder (as for 34) Fruit: intensity of green color (as for 34) Fruit: color at maturity (vine ripe) Fruit: color of flesh (at maturity) (vine ripe) Test Guidelines Description/ Category Reference (Example) Varieties Note/ Remarks absent 1 present 9 small 3 medium 5 large 7 light 3 medium 5 dark 7 light 3 medium 5 dark 7 cream 1 yellow 2 orange 3 pink 4 red 5 brownish 6 cream 1 yellow 2 orange 3 pink 4 red 5 brownish 6 155 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 40. (*) (+) 41. (+) 42. (+) 43. (*) 44. Characteristic Fruit: firmness Fruit: shelf life (under ambient condition; average no of days from harvest to 50% of the fruits still marketable) Time of flowering (from sowing) Time of maturity (from sowing) Fruit: Total soluble Solid at maturity Test Guidelines Description/ Category Reference (Example) Varieties Note/ Remarks very soft 1 soft 3 medium 5 firm 7 very firm 9 very short 1 short 3 medium 5 long 7 very long 9 early 3 medium 5 late 7 very early 1 early 3 medium 5 late 7 very late 9 low 3 medium 5 high 7 156 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. Characteristic Fruit: pH of ripe fruit Fruit: glossiness (mature green stage) Fruit: number/cluster (from 3rd truss) Fruit: gel (vine ripe) Fruit size uniformity/cluster (from 3rd truss) Fruit: cracking Test Guidelines Description/ Category Reference (Example) Varieties Note/ Remarks low 3 medium 5 high 7 weak 3 medium 5 strong 7 few 3 intermediate 5 many 7 yellow 1 orange 2 red 3 green 4 variable (<49% fruits are of same size moderately uniform (5089% fruits are of same size) highly uniform (at least 90% fruits are of same size) absent 3 concentric 2 radial 3 157 5 7 1 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 50.1 51 52. (+) 53. (+) 54 (+) 54.1 (*) 54.2 (*) 55. (+) 56. (+) Characteristic Fruit: degree of cracking Fruit: blotchy ripening Sensitivity to silvering Resistance to nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycoperscici Race 0 (ex 1) Race 1 (ex 2) Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis lycoperscici Resistance to leaf mold (Cercospora fuligena) Test Guidelines Description/ Category Reference (Example) Varieties Note/ Remarks slight 1 medium 3 medium to severe severe 4 absent 1 present 9 insensitive 1 sensitive 9 absent 1 present 9 absent 1 present 9 absent 1 present 9 absent 1 present 9 absent 1 present 9 158 5 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 57. (+) 58. (+) Characteristic Resistance to Tomato Mosaic Virus Resistance to late blight (Phytophthora infestans) Test Guidelines Description/ Category Reference (Example) Varieties Note/ Remarks no virus infection (absent = highly resistance) 0 1-10% virus infection (resistant) 11-20% virus infection) (moderately resistant) 21-50% virus infection (moderately susceptible) 51-75% virus infection (susceptible) 76-100% virus infection (highly susceptible) no symptom (absent = highly resistant) 1-10% of leaf area affected (highly resistant) 11-20% of leaf area affected (moderately resistant) 21-40% of leaf area affected (resistant) 41-70 of leaf area affected (moderately susceptible) 71-90% of leaf area affected (susceptible) 91-100% of leaf area affected (highly susceptible) 1 159 2 3 4 5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 59. (+) 60. (+) 61. (+) 62. (+) Characteristic Resistance to gray leaf spot (Stemphylium spp.) Resistance to Bacterial Leaf Spot (Pseudomonas syringe pv. tomato) Resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum – Race 1 Resistance to Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Test Guidelines Description/ Category absent Reference (Example) Varieties Note/ Remarks 1 present 9 absent 1 present 9 80-100% survival (resistant) 1 60-79% survival (moderately resistant) 2 30-59% survival (moderately susceptible) 3 0-29% survival (susceptible) 4 no virus infection (absent=highly resistant) 0 1-10% virus infection (resistant) 1 11-20% virus infection (moderately resistant) 2 21-50% virus infection (moderately susceptible) 3 51-75% virus infection (susceptible) 4 76-100% virus infection (highly susceptible) 5 160 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 63. (+) 64. (+) 65. (+) 66. (+) Characteristic Resistance to Leveilulla taurica Resistant to Oidium Lycopersicon Resistance to bacterial spot (Xanthosmonas campestris pv. vesicatoria) Reaction to blossom end rot (BER) Test Guidelines Description/ Category absent Reference (Example) Varieties Note/ Remarks 1 present 9 absent 1 present 9 absent 1 present 9 absent 1 severe 9 161 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 VIII. Test Guidelines Explanation on the Table of Characteristics Trait No. 2 Plant: growth type The growth type is predominantly controlled by one monoallelic gene (self-pruning + / self pruning 1). Determinate (1): This type is predominantly controlled by the recessive allele, selfpruning – (Sp-). This type produces a limited number of trusses. The number of trusses is different among plants and is influenced by agroclimatic conditions. In this type, the number of leaves or internodes between inflorescences varies from one to three. In the terminal truss, the stem ends with an inflorescence and no lateral shoots are produced. This type includes some “semi-determinate” varieties which do not have three leaves or internodes consistently between inflorescences, and show semi-determinate growth, fro example, with the termination of the stem prolongation above 9th inflorescence (e.g. “Local Variety” type) or at higher than 20th inflorescence (e.g. “Local Variety” type). Indeterminate (2): This type is predominantly controlled by the dominant allele, selfpruning + (Sp+). In this type, three leaves or internodes are generally observed between inflorescence. Each tress produces three buds, the terminal bud is transformed into a flowering bud; one of the two axillary buds is transformed into a lateral shoot which produces next three buds and carries on the prolongation of the stem. Plants of this type grows with the continuous repeat of this growth pattern. It should be noted that only two leaves or internodes might be observed between inflorescences in some parts of plants in a certain group of indeterminate variety types (e.g. varieties originated from “Local Variety”. Local Varieties, types might be considered to be categorized into an intermediate class between indeterminate and determinate, but they always have three leaves or internodes between inflorescences. They should therefore be categorized into the indeterminate type. Trait No. 4 Stem: anthocyanin coloration of upper third Most of the varieties are classed 1 to 5. Expression of anthocyanin is influenced by day temperature. Under greenhouse conditions, the variation is rather low, except for varieties with Tm2 allele which is linked to anthocyanin of the stem (specially at the internode). Trait No. 5 Stem length of internode between 1st and 4th inflorescence (only for indeterminate growth type varieties) Indeterminate growth type varieties have, in general, 3 nodes between inflorescences except some genotypes (see Trait No. 2). This means that, in general, there are 12 internodes between the 1st and 4th inflorescence. 162 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Measure the length between the 1st and 4th inflorescence, and count the number of internodes (generally 12). In order to obtain the average length of an internode, calculate the ration: length of stem/number of internodes. The observation should be made at the following stage: one leaf above the 5th or 6th inflorescence on staked open field crops one leaf above the 7th to 12th inflorescence for plants grown in a greenhouse, depending on the height of the greenhouse Trait No. 10 Leaf size: size of leaflets (in middle of leaf) Trait No. 15 Leaf: attitude of petiole of leaflet in relation to main axis 3 5 semi-erect 7 horizontal semi-drooping Trait No. 18 Flower: pubescence of style Some non-hairy varieties can present some rare and small hairs at the base of the style. 163 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Trait No. 20 Peduncle: abscission layer absent present Some varieties which have only a collar of an abscission layer (heterozygous for the gene which controls the presence of the joint) are considered as jointless (“absent (1)”). Trait No. 21 Only for varieties with abscission layer: peduncle: length (fro abscission layer to calyx). Trait No. 24 Fruit: shape in longitudinal section 1 flattened 2 slightly flattened 164 3 circular Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 4 rectangular Test Guidelines 5 cylindrical 8 obovate 6 elliptic 9 7 heart -shaped 10 ovate pear-shaped Trait No. 27 Fruit: depression at peduncle end 1 absent or very weak 3 weak 5 medium 165 9 strong Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Trait No. 30 Fruit: shape at blossom end 1 indented 2 indented to flat 3 flat 4 flat to pointed 5 pointed Trait No. 40 Fruit Firmness Method: Harvesting stage: fruits should be harvested when they are completely colored. Determining firmness: determine by hand the firmness of the fruits compared to the standard varieties. Trait No. 41 Fruit: shelf-life The length of shelf life is estimated by the number of weeks or days that the fruit remains commercially viable on the shelf. Twenty fruits per plot (2 per plant) are picked from the 4th, 5th or 6th cluster in similar stages of exterior ripening (when green color disappears in half of whole fruit). Fruits are stored in boxes in stackable plastic trays in single layers. The boxes can be stored one on top of another if they permit the air to circulate between them. The storage place must be at ambient condition under low elevation. Observation is made twice a week based on firmness, shivering, and rotting of fruits until 50% of fruits are non-marketable. A fruit is considered no longer marketable if the rating for softness is lower or equal to “3” (see characteristic number 40 in chapter 7). The length of shelf life is calculated as the number of days from picking to the time when the fruit firmness is no longer marketable. 166 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines Trait No. 42 Time of Flowering and Maturity For semi-indeterminate or indeterminate varieties that need stakes or trellis, the time to flowering and maturity is assessed by recording the flowering date and first harvest from sowing of the third flower on the second and third trusses on individual plants. It is not recommended to record the time of flowering in the first trusses since its expression of flowering is more influenced by the seed vigor and the plantation quality. Obtain the average of the number of days to flowering. For determinate varieties, it is strongly advisable to grow them with stakes or trellis and to record the flowering date in the same manner described above. Trait No. 44 and 45 Fruit: Total Soluble Solids and Ph The total soluble solids of freshly squeezed juice from 20 fruits ripe fruits will be taken using a hand refractometer and recorded as percent degree Brix. The pH will be taken using a pH meter. Trait No. 46 to 60 Resistance to Various Diseases The protocol used for disease screening and evaluation for resistance (either seeding or field-grown) must be fully described. As much as possible, use known varieties with known level of resistance and susceptibility as check varieties. The isolate used in the screening or evaluation must also be described. For seeding inoculation/screening, sterilized soil mix must be used and conditions for disease development must be recorded for each screening period particularly if the screening could not be done under controlled conditions such as in the use of growth chambers. If evaluation or screening is done in multiple sites or locations, the date must for each location must be summarized and presented in relation to the check varieties as well as the environmental conditions during the screening. IX. Literature: UPOV TG/44/10. 2001. Guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability for tomato (Lycopersicon lycopersicum (L.) Karsten ex. Farw.). International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV), 49 p. AG:ABPGR/80/103. 1981. Genetic Resources of Tomatoes and Wild Relatives: A Global report by JT Esquinas-Alcazar. International Board for Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR), 65 p. 167 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 X. Test Guidelines Technical Questionnaire Reference Number : (not to be filled in by the applicant) TECHNICAL QUESTIONNAIRE (To be completed in connection with an application for plant variety protection) 1. Species: Lycopersicon esculentum Mill TOMATO 2. Name and address of applicant: 3. Proposed denomination or breeders reference: 4. Information on origin, maintenance and reproduction of the variety Method of breeding/type of material : (i) seed propagagation - hybrid - open-pollinated [ ] [ ] [ ] Other information 5. Characteristics of the variety to be given (the number in brackets refers to the corresponding characteristics in the DUS Test Guidelines and please mark the state of expression which best corresponds). Trait No. 5.1 (2) 5.2 (9) Characteristic Plant: growth type Leaf: division of blade Description/Category Reference (Example) Varieties Note/ Remarks determinate 1[ ] indeterminate 2[ ] pinnate 1[ ] bipinnate 2[ ] 168 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 5.3 (20) 5.4 (22) 5.5 (24) 5.7 (33) 5.8 (34) Characteristic Peduncle: abscission layer Fruit: size Fruit: length in longitudinal section Fruit: number of locules Fruit: green shoulder before maturity Test Guidelines Description/Category Reference (Example) Varieties Note/ Remarks absent 1[ ] present 9[ ] very small 1[ ] small 3[ ] medium 5[ ] large 7[ ] very large 9[ ] flattened 1[ ] slightly flattened 2[ ] circular 3[ ] rectangular 4[ ] cylindrical 5[ ] elliptic 6[ ] heart-shaped 7[ ] obovate 8[ ] ovate 9[ ] pear-shaped 10 [ ] only two 1[ ] two or three 2[ ] three or four 3[ ] four, five or six 4[ ] more than six 5[ ] absent 1[ ] present 9[ ] 169 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Trait No. 5.9 (38) 5.10 (40) Characteristic Test Guidelines Description/Category Fruit: color at maturity Fruit: firmness Reference (Example) Varieties Note/ Remarks cream 1[ ] yellow 2[ ] orange 3[ ] pink 4[ ] red 5[ ] brownish 6[ ] very soft 1[ ] soft 3[ ] medium 5[ ] firm 7[ ] very firm 9[ ] Similar varieties and differences from these varieties Denomination of similar variety1 Characteristic in which the similar variety is different2 State of expression of similar variety 1 Check State of expression of candidate variety variety from which the comparison was made In the case of identical states of expression of both varieties, please indicate the size of the difference. 2 170 Plant Variety Gazette - Volume 2 Issue 1 Test Guidelines 7. Additional information which may help to distinguish the variety Resistance to pests and diseases Organism Strain (53) Root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) (54) Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopescici (55) Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicts lycoperscici (56) Resistance to leaf mold (Cercospora fuligena) (57) Tomato Mosaic Virus (58) Late blight (Phythophthora infestans) (59) Gray leaf spot (Stemphylium spp) (60) Bacterial leaf spot (Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato) (61) Bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) (62) Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (63) Leveilulla taurica (64) Oidium lycopersicum (65) Bacterial spot (Xanthomonas campestris pv.vVesicatoria) (66) Blossom end rot Race 1 Absent Present [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] Not tested [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] ] [ [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] ] [ [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] ] [ [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] ] [ [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] ] [ [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] ] [ ] [ ] [ ] Others (Please specify) [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] Special conditions for the examination of the variety Type of culture - in the greenhouse - in the open - with trellis - without trellis Main Use - Fresh market or table - Industrial (please specify) - Pot plant [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] [ ] [ ] [ ] or processing Other conditions Other information [end of document] 171 PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION OFFICE 2nd Floor, National Seed Quality Control Services Building Bureau of Plant Industry Visayas Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City Telefax: (02) 929-2543 e-mail address: [email protected]