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Name: ______________________________ Class # ________ Date: _____________________ Page : ________ 4.3 Exploring the Modern Periodic Table pp. 108-109 As scientists discovered new they recorded the physical and chemical properties of each. Next, they tried to come up with an organized list of these elements. The best arrangement of elements was produced by a Russian scientist by the name of Dmitri Mendeleev. He found that organizing elements in order of their atomic did not always work. He concluded that the best way was organizing the elements by the number of protons in the . When organized by their atomic numbers, nucleus – the patterns of similar physical properties were seen. Purpose: 1. What trends in properties can we observe when the elements are arranged into the periodic table by atomic number? 2. How does the arrangement of elements in the periodic table relate to the arrangement of electrons in the atoms? Procedure: Follow the procedure steps explained in the textbook on pages 108 – 109. Record your observations for each step in the section below. Procedure Step # Observations a) 1 b) 2 3 Atomic number Element name Element Symbol Element Name Element Symbol Atomic mass a) b) c) d) a) b) c) d) 4 5 Property a) element with the highest melting temperature b) element with the lowest melting temperature Exploring the Modern Periodic Table.doc Quantity Element name Symbol Name: ______________________________ 5 Class # ________ Property c) element with the greatest density d) element with the lowest density Date: _____________________ Quantity Element name Page : ________ Symbol 6. Elements in the first column of the periodic table are: H, Li, Na, and K Draw the Bohr-Rutherford diagrams for these four elements below H Li Na K a) How is the electron arrangement similar for these four elements? (Hint: look at the outer shell) b) The elements Rb, and Cs are also in the first column of the periodic table. How many electrons do you think would be in their outer electron shell? 7. Elements in the second last column of the periodic table are: F and Cl Draw the Bohr-Rutherford diagram for these two elements below: F Cl a) How is the electron arrangement similar for these two elements? (Hint: look at the outer shell) b) The elements Br and I are also in the second last column of the periodic table. How many electrons do you think would be in their outer electron shell? 8. Elements in the same column tend to form similar compounds. Ex. The compounds that Hydrogen forms with elements in column 1 are: LiH, NaH, KH, RbH The compounds that Hydrogen forms with elements in column 2 are: BeH2, MgH2, CaH2 Hydrogen forms the following compounds by combining with other elements: ) CH4 (carbon is in column # ) NH3 (nitrogen is in column # H2O (oxygen is in column # ) ) HF (fluorine is in column # Using the information above . . . what are the formulas of the compounds formed when hydrogen bonds with the following elements: (hint: compare the column # below with the example above) (silicon is in column # ) Silicon (Si) Phosphorus (P) (phosphorus is in column # ) Sulfur (S) (sulfur is in column # ) Exploring the Modern Periodic Table.doc