Download BIG IDEAS – Cell Cycle

BIG IDEAS – Cell Cycle
Name _____________________________________________________ Date ____________________ Period ______
Mitosis Prep Questions
**Be able to draw the cell during each stage of the cell cycle:**
1. What is the purpose of the cell cycle?
To produce more of the same cells.
2. How many daughter cells are produced as a result of mitosis? 2
3. Are the parent and daughter cells genetically ( identical / different )?
4. During which stage of the cell cycle does the cell spend a majority of its time?
Interphase
5. What is taking place during interphase?
Cell is growing, maintaining homeostasis, duplicating DNA and preparing for nucleic division.
6. Define mitosis.
Division of the nucleus.
7. Cytokinesis is the cutting of the ________cytoplasm__________.
8. What is taking place in each phase of interphase?
a. G1 – Growth, maintaining homeostasis
b. S – DNA is synthesized (copied)
c. G2 – Final checkpoints, cell prepares for mitosis
9. DNA typically exists in a long, winding form known as _______chromatin__________.
10. Draw and label the parts of a chromosome.
11. How many chromosomes are in human somatic (body) cells? 46
12. Describe the function of the centriole.
Produces spindle fibers.
13. What is taking place during prophase of mitosis?
Nucleus disappears, chromatin condenses into chromosomes, spindle fibers form.
14. What is taking place during metaphase of mitosis?
Spindle fibers attach to centromeres and chromosomes align in the middle of the cell.
15. What is taking place during anaphase of mitosis?
Spindle fibers shorten and pull the chromatids to the opposite poles.
16. The __spindle_____ ___fibers______ attach to the chromosomes and shorten to pull the sister chromatids
apart during anaphase.
17. What is taking place during telophase of mitosis?
chromosomes unwind, nucleus reforms, spindle fibers break down.
18. Identify the difference between cytokinesis of plant and animal cells.
a. Animal cells – Cleavage furrow forms
b. Plant cells – cell plate forms (cell plate becomes cell wall)
19. Explain the connection between mitosis and cancer.
Cancer is uncontrolled mitosis.
20. What is apoptosis?
Programmed cell death
Meiosis Prep Questions
1. The purpose of meiosis is to produce sex cells, also known as ________________.
2. Meiosis is necessary for ( sexual / asexual ) reproduction.
3. Human sex cells have how many chromosomes?
4. Why is it necessary for sex cells to have half the number of chromosomes than all other cells (haploid)?
5. How many times does DNA replicate in order to produce sex cells with half the number of chromosomes?
6. Meiosis involves _______ divisions of the nucleus.
7. How many daughter cells are produced as a result of meiosis?
8. Are the parent and daughter cells genetically ( identical / different ) following meiosis?
9. Define crossing over.
10. The number of human chromosomes is restored to 46 during ____________________.