Download DIRECTIONS: Recording

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Date
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★ Guided Reading Activity 21-1
DIRECTIONS: Recording Who, What, When, Where, Why and How Read the section and
answer the questions below. Refer to your textbook to write the answers.
1. What did Winston Churchill know would lead to victory in modern war?
2. How did the industrial output of workers in the United States compare to those of
Germany and Japan during the war?
3. How did cost-plus contracts work?
4. What was the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)?
5. Which industry was uniquely suited to the mass production of military equipment?
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6. Who created an assembly line for the enormous B-24 bomber?
7. How were the Liberty ships different from other types of ships?
9. When did American opinions about a peacetime draft change?
10. What was the goal of the “Double V” campaign?
11. Who was the highest-ranking African American officer in the U.S. Army?
12. What were the accomplishments of the Tuskegee Airmen during World War II?
13. What decision did President Truman make in 1948?
14. Which branch of the military was the first to allow women to enlist?
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8. What authorities did Roosevelt grant to the War Production Board?
Name
Date
Class
★ Guided Reading Activity 21-2
DIRECTIONS: Identifying Supporting Details Read each main idea. Use your textbook to
supply the details that support or explain each main idea.
Main Idea: The Japanese continued to win victories in the Pacific until the battle of
Midway.
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1. Detail: A few hours after they bombed Pearl Harbor, the Japanese attacked American
airfields in
.
2. Detail: When American forces defending the Bataan Peninsula surrendered in April of
1942, nearly
of them were forced to march to a Japanese prison
camp.
3. Detail: After the Doolittle raid, the Japanese decided the American fleet had to be
from bombing.
4. Detail: Despite their losses at the Battle of the Coral Sea, American forces prevented the
.
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Japanese from cutting supply lines to
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
5. Detail: Unaware that they were heading into an ambush, the Japanese launched their
aircraft against
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on June 4, 1942.
Main Idea: The Allies defeated Germany in Africa and in the Battle of the Atlantic. The
Soviet victory at Stalingrad was a turning point of the war.
6. Detail: Stalin wanted
and
to open a second
front by attacking Germany from the west to take the pressure off the Soviet Union.
7. Detail: Egypt was very important to Britain because of the
—the
route used by most of Britain's empire to send supplies to Britain.
8. Detail: The German “Afrika Korps” was commanded by
, a bril-
liant commander whose success earned him the nickname “Desert Fox.”
9. Detail: Because the city of Stalingrad controlled the
and was a
major railroad junction, capturing the city was the key to Germany's attack.
10. Detail: The Battle of
21-2
destroyed to protect
was a major turning point of the war,
because it put the Germans on the defensive.
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Name
Date
Class
★ Guided Reading Activity 21-3
DIRECTIONS: Using Headings and Subheadings Locate each heading below in your textbook. Then use the information under the correct subheading to help you write each answer.
I. Women and Minorities Gain Ground
A. How many women worked in factories, shipyards, and other manufacturing plants
during World War II?
B. What was the purpose of Executive Order 8802?
C. What government program was arranged for Mexican farm workers in the southwest?
II. A Nation on the Move
A. What did the Lanham Act, passed by Congress in 1940, do to alleviate the potential
housing crisis?
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B. Why did President Roosevelt create the National Housing Agency?
D. Why did many people demand that all people of Japanese ancestry be removed from
the West Coast?
E. What was the Supreme Court's ruling in Korematsu v. United States?
III. Daily Life in Wartime
A. What home-front problems existed during World War II in addition to the housing
problems and racial tensions?
B. What did the Office of Economic Stabilization (OES) do?
C. Why did the government begin rationing consumer goods?
D. What items did Americans contribute to scrap drives?
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C. What was the complaint many Americans had against the ”zoot suit”?
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Date
Class
★ Guided Reading Activity 21-4
DIRECTIONS: Filling in the Blanks In the space provided, write the word or words that best
complete the sentence. Refer to your textbook to fill in the blanks.
1. The Allied invasion of
in November 1942 had shown that a large-
scale invasion from the sea was possible.
2. Among the agreements reached at the
was the decision to step up
the bombing of Germany.
3. The bombing campaign between January 1943 and May 1945 caused a severe oil shortage in Germany and wrecked its
.
4. The Italian campaign was one of the bloodiest in the war, costing more than
Allied casualties.
5. At the Tehran Conference with Churchill and Roosevelt, Stalin promised to launch a
against the Germans when the Allies invaded France in 1944.
.
7. President Roosevelt chose
to command the invasion known as
Operation Overlord.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
8. The Germans believed that the Allies would land in
—the area of
France closest to Britain.
9. On June 6, 1944, nearly
ships carrying more than
soldiers set sail for the coast of Normandy.
10. American troops came under intense German fire, and suffered heavy losses, after their
landing at
.
11. While the buildup for invading France was taking place in Britain, American military
leaders were also developing a strategy to defeat
.
12. The first part of America's two-pronged attack on Japan called for the
to hop from one island to the next.
13. The geographical problem with the central Pacific was that many of the islands were
.
14. American military planners wanted to use the
as a base for a new
heavy bomber that could reach Japan.
15. The Battle of Leyte Gulf was the first time that the Japanese used
attacks.
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6. Stalin also promised that once Germany was defeated, the Soviet Union would help
Name
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Class
★ Guided Reading Activity 21-5
DIRECTIONS: Outlining Read the section and complete the outline below. Refer to your textbook to fill in the blanks.
I. The Third Reich Collapses
A. As the Americans pushed east toward Germany, Hitler began a last offensive that
became known as
.
B. By the end of February 1945, American troops had fought their way to the
, Germany's last major line of defense in the west.
C. On
, Germany surrendered, and the next day was proclaimed V-
E Day for “Victory in Europe.”
II. Japan Is Defeated
A. American military planners decided to invade
so that American
could land and refuel before bombing Japan.
B. The firebombing of
killed over 80,000 people and destroyed
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more than 250,000 buildings in the city.
C. To aid a possible invasion of Japan, the United States captured the island of
.
.
E. In 1942, Leo Szilard and Enrico Fermi built the world's first
at
the University of Chicago.
F. The Allies threatened Japan with
if the nation did not surrender
unconditionally, but the Japanese did not reply.
G. Faced with the massive destruction of the nuclear attacks and the shock of the
joining the Allies, the Japanese emperor ordered his government to surrender on August 15, 1945.
III. Building a New World
A. President Roosevelt believed that a new international political organization could prevent another world war, and he was instrumental in creating the
.
B. At the Nuremburg trials, the International Military Tribunal (IMT) tried German leaders suspected of
.
C. The Allies did not put the emperor of Japan on trial in order to avoid
.
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D. The American program to build an atomic bomb was code-named the