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World War II Vocabulary Winston Churchill Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during World War II Appeasement Giving in to unjust demands in order to avoid conflict Fascism Political system headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism, racism, and no tolerance for opposition Nazi A member of a German fascist party controlling Germany from 1933 to 1945 under Adolf Hitler Nazi-Soviet Pact Hitler and Stalin agreement of non-aggression. Hitler broke the pact and the Soviet Union would later side with the Allies during World War II Pearl Harbor Dec. 7, 1941 Japanese surprise attack that brought the U.S. into World War II Holocaust Nazi campaign to exterminate the Jews in World War II Lend Lease Act Allowed the U.S. to send arms to any country “vital to the defense of the United States” Rationing Regulation on the amount of goods that a consumer could buy; to promote the idea of sharing the sacrifices of wartime Tuskegee Airmen African-American fighter group that distinguished themselves in providing air-support for bombing missions into Germany Office of War Information Government agency responsible for controlling the content & imagery of war messages Invasion of Normandy On June 6, 1944, Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower led an Allied attack on German-controlled France. The Allied forces won the battle, causing German forces to retreat Battle of Midway (June 1942) The turning point in the war in the Pacific. This pivotal battle dealt a severe blow to the Japanese navy Island hopping Allied naval strategy to reach Japan by taking one island at a time Navajo Code Talkers Native American soldiers used the Navajo language as an undecipherable military code in the Pacific Korematsu v. United States The Supreme Court upheld the relocation & internment of Japanese-Americans “cash-and-carry” (1939) Americans could sell non-military goods to the British & other allies Bataan Death March (April 1942) Japanese forces forced American POWs to undertake a 60-mile march through the Philippine jungle Two-front-war Germany was forced to fight British and American troops from the West and Russia from the East. This divided Germany’s army in two and helped the Allies gain the advantage in Europe Flying Tigers American pilots who volunteered to work for the defense of China against Japanese aggression from December 1941 to July 1942