Download Exam 3 Study Guide

Exam 3 Study Guide
NOTE: This study guide does NOT cover linkage analysis, mapping or anything
covered in Mr. Steining’s lectures. The material he covered IS covered on the test. You
are responsible for doing all the review problems he gave you and for all the material
covered in his lectures.
This study guide is intended to give you some direction and assistance in preparing
for the exam, but do not assume that if a topic or slide is not explicitly covered by this
guide that it’s not on the exam. This guide has been kept deliberately vague in hopes of
encouraging you to explore.
Last but not least, this exam will ask you to use the rules given in class to
calculate/predict/explain outcomes of crosses. The best preparation for this is to do the
review problems in each chapter and re-do them until you are comfortable with the rules
and calculations. (Suggested problems are included at the end of the guide)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Know the effects of dominance, co-dominance and partial dominance.
Know Mendel’s principles.
Define P1, F1 and F2 generations.
In a monohybrid cross AA x aa where A is dominant to a
a. What is the expected phenotype ratio of the F1?
b. What is the expected phenotype ratio of the F2?
c. What is the expected genotype ratio of the F1?
d. What is the expected genotype ratio of the F2?
5. In a dihybrid cross AABB x aabb where A and B are dominant to a and b
a. What is the expected phenotype ratio of the F1?
b. What is the expected phenotype ratio of the F2?
c. What is the expected genotype ratio of the F1?
d. What is the expected genotype ratio of the F2?
6. Define the following: allele, phenotype, genotype, locus homozygous,
heterozygous, segregation, independent assortment.
7. What is a test cross and when is it used??
8. Should I give you a tetrahybrid (four way) cross or a pentahybrid (five way)
cross, could you use the product rule to calculate the expected outcomes of the
particular genotypes and phenotypes?
9. How does gender affect sex-linked traits? Sex-influenced traits?
10. What does “wild type” mean?
11. What is a lethal allele? What kinds are there?
12. If a dihybrid cross produces an outcome with different phenotype ratios than the
expected 9:3:3:1, what is an immediate conclusion you could make?
13. What is epistasis, and give an example of how it works.
14. What is complementation analysis and how is it useful?
15. Name several examples of how environment can affect phenotype.
16. How does imprinting affect gene expression?
17. What are the examples of non-nuclear heredity we discussed in class?
18. What are the similarities between organelle and nuclear DNA? The differences?
19. If you were given the phenotypic outcome of a particular cross, could you
determine if the outcome demonstrated discontinuous or continuous variation?
20. Use the 1/4n and (2n +1) rules to predict the number of genes controlling a trait.
Chapter 3
Insights and Solutions (pp 65-67) problems 1-3. Regular problems 1- 6, 7 (Punnett only),
8-16, 20, 21, 34, 35, 37, 38
Chapter 4
Insights and Solutions (pp 98-100) 1-3. Regular problems 1-12, 14-26, 28-30, 32-34
Chapter 5
Insights and Solutions (p123) problem 1. Regular problems (p 125) 1, 2, 3, 16
Chapter 15
Insights and Solutions (p 409) problem 1, 2. Regular problems (p 410) 1-11, 15