Download Earth`s Layers

Notes: Earth’s Layers
Notes: Earth’s Layers
How Do Geologists Learn About Earth’s Interior?
Processes that affect Earth’s surface are often a result of what’s going on
inside Earth. But what’s inside Earth? This question is very difficult to answer,
because geologists are unable to see deep inside Earth. But geologists have found
other methods to study the interior of Earth. Geologists have used two main
types of evidence to learn about Earth’s interior: direct evidence from rock
samples and indirect evidence from seismic waves. The four main layers of Earth
are the crust, mantle, the outer core, and the inner core. These layers vary greatly
in size, composition, temperature, and pressure. The deeper down inside Earth,
the greater the pressure. The temperature inside Earth increases as depth
increases, too.
How Do Geologists Learn About Earth’s Interior?
Processes that affect Earth’s surface are often a result of what’s going on inside
Earth. But what’s inside Earth? This question is very difficult to answer, because
geologists are unable to see deep inside Earth. But geologists have found other
methods to study the interior of Earth. Geologists have used two main types of
evidence to learn about Earth’s interior: direct evidence from rock samples and
indirect evidence from seismic waves. The four main layers of Earth are the crust,
mantle, the outer core, and the inner core. These layers vary greatly in size,
composition, temperature, and pressure. The deeper down inside Earth, the
greater the pressure. The temperature inside Earth increases as depth increases,
too.
What Is The Crust?
The layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer skin is call the Earth’s crust. The crust
is a layer of solid rock that included both dry land, continental crust, and the
ocean floor, oceanic crust. The continental crust is mainly composed of granite
while the oceanic crust has basalt. The main elements in the crust are oxygen,
silicone, and aluminum. In most places, the crust is between 5 and 40 kilometers
thick. It is thickest under high mountains and thinnest beneath the ocean. The
density of the crust ranges between 2.7-3g/cm3. The temperature near the top of
the crust is about 20˚C and then increases to 870˚C near the bottom!
What Is The Crust?
The layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer skin is call the Earth’s crust. The crust
is a layer of solid rock that included both dry land, continental crust, and the
ocean floor, oceanic crust. The continental crust is mainly composed of granite
while the oceanic crust has basalt. The main elements in the crust are oxygen,
silicone, and aluminum. In most places, the crust is between 5 and 40 kilometers
thick. It is thickest under high mountains and thinnest beneath the ocean. The
density of the crust ranges between 2.7-3g/cm3. The temperature near the top of
the crust is about 20˚C and then increases to 870˚C near the bottom!
What Is The Mantle?
The mantle is made of rock that is very hot, but solid. The temperature of the
mantle starts at 870˚C and increases to 2,200˚C. Its composition consists of iron,
magnesium, aluminum, and silicone. Scientists divide the mantle into three layers
based on the physical characteristics, which are the lithosphere, the
asthenosphere, and the mesosphere. Overall, the mantle is nearly 2,900-3,000
km thick with a density of 3.3-6g/cm3.
What Is The Mantle?
The mantle is made of rock that is very hot, but solid. The temperature of the
mantle starts at 870˚C and increases to 2,200˚C. Its composition consists of iron,
magnesium, aluminum, and silicone. Scientists divide the mantle into three layers
based on the physical characteristics, which are the lithosphere, the
asthenosphere, and the mesosphere. Overall, the mantle is nearly 2,900-3,000 km
thick with a density of 3.3-6g/cm3.
What Is The Core?
The core is made mostly of the metals iron and nickel. It consists of two parts –
a dense, liquid outer core and a dense, solid inner core. The outer core is a layer
of molten metal of about 2,200˚C to 5,000˚C as it surrounds the inner core. The
outer core is about 1,400-2,258 km thick with a density of 10g/cm3. The inner
core is a dense ball of solid metal reaching 5,000˚C or higher. It is about 1,2221,300 km thick with a density of 13g/cm3. In the inner core, extreme pressure
squeezes that atoms of iron and nickel so much that they cannot spread out to
become liquid. Earth’s core occupies the center of the planet.
What Is The Core?
The core is made mostly of the metals iron and nickel. It consists of two parts –
a dense, liquid outer core and a dense, solid inner core. The outer core is a layer
of molten metal of about 2,200˚C to 5,000˚C as it surrounds the inner core. The
outer core is about 1,400-2,258 km thick with a density of 10g/cm3. The inner core
is a dense ball of solid metal reaching 5,000˚C or higher. It is about 1,222-1,300
km thick with a density of 13g/cm3. In the inner core, extreme pressure squeezes
that atoms of iron and nickel so much that they cannot spread out to become
liquid. Earth’s core occupies the center of the planet.