Download Forms of Energy

Book ‘M’ Chapter 5, Section 2
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The total potential and kinetic energy of
particles in an object
Examples
◦ Lava: high thermal energy due to high amount of
Kinetic energy
◦ Ice cream: low thermal energy due to low amount of
kinetic energy
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The energy of electric charges
Moving electric energy is kinetic energy
Stored electric energy is potential energy
Examples: lightning, handheld games, and
radios
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Potential energy stored in the chemical bonds
that hold chemical compounds together.
Examples: foods, matches, cell or your bodies
When chemical bonds are broken chemical
energy is released.
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Type of potential energy
Stored in the nucleus of an atom
Released during a nuclear reaction
Two types:
◦ Fission: splitting of nuclei
 Nuclear power plants
◦ Fusion: join together of nuclei
 Sun
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Wave with electrical and magnetic properties
Examples: microwaves, X-rays, ultraviolet
radiation, infrared radiation, and radio waves
ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS
AND CONSERVATION
Book M, Chapter 5, Section 3
Energy Transformations
 A change from one form of energy to another
 Single Transformations:
 One form of energy being transformed into another to
get work done.
 Example: toaster transforms electrical into thermal to
toast your bread
Energy Transformations Continue
 Multiple Transformations:
 A series of energy transformation to do work
 Example: the mechanical energy used to strike a
match is transformed first to thermal energy. The
thermal energy cause the particles in the match to
release stored chemical energy, which is transformed
to thermal energy and the electromagnetic energy you
see as light.
 Mechanical --- thermal---chemical---thermal and
electromagnetic
Transformations between potential and
kinetic energy
 Energy transformation in juggling:
 As a juggling ball rises it velocity decrease, thus
kinetic energy decrease
 As the ball rises the potential energy increase because
of the increase in height
 At the highest point in the path of juggling the ball
motion has stop, thus is no KE but all the energy is PE
 As PE increase KE will always decrease, like wise the
as KE increase the PE will decrease
Energy transformation in juggling
Energy transformation in a pendulum
Energy Transformation in a Pole Vault
Conservation of Energy
 Law of conservation of energy: when one form of
energy is transformed to another, no energy is
destroyed in the process
 ENERGY CANNOT BE CREATED OR
DESTROYED!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Energy and Friction
 When a moving object experiences friction some
kinetic energy is transferred into thermal energy.
 Example: warming hands
Energy and Matter
 Matter is anything that has mass and takes up
space
 Einstein discovered that matter can be
transformed to energy
 Energy and matter together are always conserved