Download History With Ms. Harding

Ancient China
Thursday, Nov. 6
AIM: How did geography impact the development of
Chinese Culture & Civilization?
DO NOW: OUTLINE & VOCAB QUIZ (from
memory). (Don’t write out question.
Abbreviations are fine.) 5 points each.
1. Explain the Mandate of Heaven.
2. Why did Chinese call themselves “the
Middle Kingdom?”
3. How did Chinese writing unify the society?
Thursday, Nov. 6
AIM: How did geography impact the development of
Chinese Culture & Civilization?
DO NOW: Outline Quiz
AGENDA: PowerPoint & class discussion
HOMEWORK:
- Based on today’s discussion, complete handout.
- Outline pp. 104-109. “The Unification of China” Due
Monday
- Current Events write-up due Monday. Topic: CHINA
(see website for suggested articles)
River Valley Civilizations
Satellite View of China
China’s Geography
*Huang He - The Yellow
River, aka China’s
sorrow because of
frequent flooding.
*Yangtze River
*Yellow Sea
*North China Plain between two major
rivers. Most populated
area of China.
“China’s
Sorrow”
Shang Dynasty:
1523-1028 BCE
Ethnocentrism & Isolated
Thursday, Nov. 6
AIM: How did geography impact the development of
Chinese Culture & Civilization?
DO NOW: Outline Quiz
AGENDA: PowerPoint & class discussion
HOMEWORK:
- Based on today’s discussion, complete handout.
- Outline pp. 104-109. “The Unification of China” Due
Monday
- Current Events write-up due Monday. Topic: CHINA
(see website for suggested articles)
*PERIOD
1
A
B
C
D
E
F
Showba
Gabe
Florence
Lauren
Yong
Micky
David
Can Yao
Michael
Carey
Ken
Cindy
Rasmus
Semira
Felix
Genesis
Jonathan
Zhi
Jimmy
Marie
Jennifer
Kenneth
Amelan
Tony
Gina
Sumaya
Stephanie
G
Ysabelle
Henry
Arlinda
Xin
*PERIOD 2
A
Front by
B
Back
door
C
Front middle
D
Front
Back
E
Front
window
F
Back
window
Andy
Ollie
Dennis
Jori
Nailah
Kayla
Amer
Emily
Giovani
Ruth
Jason
Helen
Martha
Matthew
Gabriela
Julia
Ashley
Nicholas
Eric
Paula
Sebastian
Yu Wei
Alan
Bryan
Jonathan
G
Justin
Can
Tasmia
Amy
*PERIOD 6
A
Front by door
B
Back door
C
Front middle
D
Front Back
E
Front window
Genis
Begum
Ya Ying
Arianna
Pamela
Toney
Riley
Oumou
Atiya
Andrew
Zhen NI
Natasha
Timothy
Camisse
Camille
Miguel
Britney
Amber
Jayliz
Kevin
Tyler
G
Yu Tong
Elving
Leila
Lina
F
Back window
Gabriella
Oscar
Kyle
Josephine
*PERIOD 7
A
B
C
D
E
Judah
Henry L
Dahlia
Emily
Nikki
Evelyn
Krystal
Raul
Alex Cen
Nicolle
Tiffany
Yang
Henry S
Alex Chen
Israel
Silvia
Stanley
Yaa
Kayla
Kevin
F
G
Henry G
Akyisa
Serena
Corey
Jacky
Amer
Erika
Andrew
Madeline
Shang Dynasty
• Developed out of
Neolithic settlements
in Huang-He River
Valley
– Rich upper-class land
owners ruled, mostly
military leaders
– Chief priest
– Agricultural economy
– Aristocracy constantly
at war
– Capital city moved
several times, finally
established at Anyang,
north of the Huang He;
built mostly of wood
Political and Social Structure
•
•
•
•
Shang King ruled from his palace at Anyang
Split territory up among different generals
Could appoint and remove generals
Shang frequently waged war on the fringes of the
kingdom
• When a Shang king died, the servants were buried
in the tomb with the king, along with riches for the
afterlife
Religion and Culture
• Strong belief in life after death
– Practiced human sacrifice to
win the favor of the gods or
give the king company in the
afterlife
• Ancestor Veneration
– Ancestors seen as a link
between the present world
and the spiritual world
– Could bring good or bad
fortune to a family
– Offerings of food and drink
• Oracle Bones
– Way to communicate with
ancestors
– Animal bones carved with
questions, then heated or
broken
– Priest interpreted the breaks
*Shang Bronze
*The Shang were
master bronze makers.
Oracle Bones
1. Eldest men control
2. Importance & priority of family
3. Writing system
4. Yin & Yang
5. Arranged marriages
6. Value of Education
7. Low status of women
8. Confucianism & Taoism (Legalism)
9. Strong bureaucracy & government
10. Ethnocentrism & Middle Kingdom
11. Trading center
Monday, Nov. 10th
AIM: Which aspects of the Ancient Chinese Civilizations
continue to exist today?
DO NOW: Continuity of Chinese Civilization
AGENDA: 1. PowerPoint 2. Review Thursday’s discussion
questions, 3. class discussion of Current Events
HOMEWORK: Current event due Thursday
-Test make-up Thurs or Fri, immediately at start of
lunch or end of school day.
-Confucius, Taoism & Legalism Reading. Due Thursday.
Choose two selections from each section. (6 Total)
1. Rewrite quote for modern teens
2. Relate to something you’ve learned about Ancient
China
Monday, Nov. 10th
HOMEWORK: Current event due Thursday
-Test make-up Thurs or Fri, immediately at start of
lunch or end of school day.
-Confucius, Taoism & Legalism Reading. Due Thursday.
Choose two selections from each section. (6 Total)
1. Rewrite quote for modern teens
2. Relate to something you’ve learned about Ancient
China
3. Describe a modern situation that would relate
Oracle Bones Calendar
Evolution of Chinese Writing
During Shang
Zhou Dynasty
• 1045-256 BCE
– Lasted almost 900 years,
longest lasting dynasty in
Chinese history
– 2 aristocrats from western
region of Zhou lead successful
rebellion against last Shang
ruler
• Political Structure
– Head was king who ruled over
an imperial bureaucracy
– King link between heaven and
earth and had divine-like
powers
– Rulers of different provinces
were aristocrats, similar to
Shang Dynasty
Mandate of Heaven/Dynastic Cycle
•
•
•
•
Mandate of Heaven:
– The Zhou used the Mandate of Heaven to justify their rule.
– Heaven, the law of nature, kept order in the universe by
choosing the king. The king was responsible for being a good
ruler.
– Gods’ permission could be revoked and given to another family
if the current rulers misused their authority
Tao: The Way
– The King was responsible to rule by the Dao, he had to keep the
gods happy to protect people from natural disaster, or bad
harvest.
– If he didn’t do this he would lose power.
The mandate of heaven was used to explain the rise and fall of
different dynasties.
When a ruler took over they claimed they had earned the mandate
of heaven, or they would not have been able to win. This was
closely tied to the Dynastic Cycle
*The emperor
*A new
reforms the govt.
dynasty
& makes it more
comes to power.
efficient.
*Lives of common
*Emperor is
people improved;
defeated !!
taxes reduced;
farming encouraged.
*Rebel bands find
*Problems begin
strong leader who
(extensive wars,
unites them.
invasions, etc.)
Attack the emperor.
*Start
here
*Poor loose
respect for govt.
They join rebels
& attack landlords.
The
Dynastic
Cycle
*Taxes increase;
men forced to
work for army.
Farming neglected.
*Droughts, *Govt. increases
floods,
spending;
famines occur.
corruption.
Thursday, Nov. 13
DO NOW: The Tomb of Shi Huangdi
Thursday, Nov. 13
AIM: How did Chinese philosophers and leaders react to
the Period of Warring States?
DO NOW: The Tomb of Shi Huangdi
AGENDA:
- Group discussion of Chapter
HOMEWORK:
- Definitions #9 due Friday
- Current Event #2 due Monday
- OL 200-207 “Han Emperors” due Thurs, 11/20
Life Under the Zhou Dynasty
• Trade
– An agricultural surplus led to an
increase in trade.
– The most important trade item
was silk.
• It’s secret was closely
guarded.
• Sharing the secret of silk was
punishable by death.
– Silk is made from the cocoons of
silkworms
• These worms feed on
Mulberry leaves.
• The cocoons are boiled to kill
the silkworm
• Then the cocoons are
unwound and combined to
make silk thread
Life Under the Zhou
• Family
– In an agricultural society families had to work together to
survive. Family, and extended families, were very
important.
• Filial Piety
– Family members were responsible to obey the needs and
wants of the male head of the family.
– Everyone had to know their place.
– Children were expected to provide for their parents in old
age.
• Role of Women
– Ancient China was a patriarchal, or male dominated,
society.
– Some women had power, but this was generally looked
down upon.
– Women were expected to raise children and work in the
home.
– Fathers must provide dowry for women
Life Under the Zhou Dynasty
• Economic and Technological Growth
– Made major advancements during
this period that improved life for the
people.
• Irrigation and Water Projects
– Began to control the flow of rivers to
water crops. Farming could be more
reliable without dependence on
rains.
• Farming Advancements
– Iron plows, increase arable land.
• Changes in Warfare
– Iron Weapons were developed.
– Infantry (foot soldiers) and Cavalry
(soldiers on horseback) became
more prevalent.
– Began to use the crossbow
Zhou Dynasty
Decline of Zhou
• Later Zhou rulers began to become
corrupt.
• Warring States Period – 300 years!!
– Civil war broke out between the
kingdoms
• At the end of this the emperor Qin
Shihuangdi unified China under a
single leader, becoming the first
Emperor of China.
How is a man to live in a world
dominated by chaos, suffering, and
absurdity??
Confucianism --> Moral order in society.
Legalism --> Rule by harsh law & order.
Taoism --> Freedom for individuals and
less govt. to avoid
uniformity and conformity.
*PERIOD
1
A
B
C
D
E
Florence
Lauren
Ysabelle
Henry
Yong
Can Yao
Stephanie
Ken
Cindy
Michael
Carey
Rasmus
Micky
David
Semira
Jonathan
Jimmy
Marie
Jennifer
Zhi
Kenneth
Felix
Genesis
F
Showba
Gabe
Tony
Gina
G
Amelan
Sumaya
Arlinda
Xin
*PERIOD 2
A
Front by
B
Back
door
C
Front
middle
D
Front
Back
Andy
Justin
Helen
Martha
Eric
Nailah
Emily
Giovani
Ruth
Jason
Dennis
Kayla
Matthew Eric
Alan
Gabriela Sebastian Jonathan
Paula
Julia
Can
Nicholas Ashley
Tasmia
G
Jori
Yu Wei
Bryan
Amy
E
Front
window
F
Back
window
*PERIOD 6
A
B
C
D
Genis
Begum
Jayliz
Kevin
Pamela
Riley
Leila
Lina
Natasha
Timothy
Camille
Miguel
Camisse
Britney
Andrew
Zhen NI
E
F
G
Amber
Tyler
Ya Ying
Arianna
Atiya
Oscar
Kyle
Yu Tong
Elving
Oumou
Gabriella
Josephine
Tony
*PERIOD 7
A
B
C
D
Dahlia
Serena
Corey
Jacky
Nikki
Krystal
Alex Cen
Nicolle
Tiffany
Yang
Evelyn
Raul
Henry S
Alex Chen
Madeline
Andrew
E
Henry G
Akyisa
Judah
Henry L
Emily
F
Amer
Erika
Kayla
Stanley
G
Yaa
Kevin
Israel
Silvia
Friday, Nov. 14
AIM: How did Chinese philosophers and leaders react to
the Period of Warring States?
DO NOW: The Wise Man - Daoism
AGENDA:
- Group discussion of Chapter
- Document Analysis – The Ideal Government
HOMEWORK:
Make up map quiz at 11:00 Monday or 2:35 today
Current Event #2 due Monday
OL 200-207 “Han Emperors” due Thurs, 11/20
CONFUCIANISM
BOTH
DAOISM
Bureaucrats
Leaders- Legalism
Peasants
Logical
Magical/Mystical
NOT EQUAL –
status, age, gender
All equal if listen to
the Dao (Tao)
*Can mix & match w/ Buddhism, I Ching, Yin & Yang
Friday, Nov. 14
AIM: How did Chinese philosophers and leaders react to
the Period of Warring States?
DO NOW: The Wise Man – Daoism
RENOUNCE – Give up
SAGENESS – wisdom gained through experience
BENEVOLENCE – Helping others (for own
reputation)
FILIAL – family
ARTFUL CONTRIVANCES – sneaky plans
Monday, Nov. 17
AIM: Which Chinese Philosophy is the best for a society and
a government?
DO NOW: The Wise Man – Confucianism
“Firmness, resolution, simplicity, silence – these
bring us closer to humanity. “
- From The Analects of Confucius
1. Copy this quote into your notes and rewrite
in modern English.
2. Do you agree with this? Would you want
these traits in a leader? Why or why not?
*PERIOD
1
A
B
C
D
E
F
Florence
Lauren
Ysabelle
Rasmus
Showba
Yong
Can Yao
Stephanie
Ken
Cindy
Michael
Carey
Henry
Micky
David
Gina
Semira
Jonathan
Jimmy
Marie
Jennifer
Zhi
Kenneth
Felix
Genesis
Gabe
Amelan
Sumaya
Arlinda
Xin
Tony
Textual evidence can come from:
1. Sayings worksheet from Confucius, Daoism, Legalism
2. Outlines, notes & vocab
3. Current Events (include it for 1 – 2 lines)
Plan how you will discuss each topic
Plan out two questions
A
Front by
B
Back
door
C
Front
middle
D
Front
Back
E
Front
window
F
Back
window
Andy
Helen
Martha
Bryan
Kayla
Eric
Nailah
Emily
Giovani
Yu Wei
Ruth
Jason
Dennis
Jori
Matthew Eric
Alan
Gabriela Sebastian Jonathan
Paula
Julia
Can
Nicholas Ashley
Tasmia
Amy
Justin
*PERIOD 2
Textual evidence can come from:
1. Use 3 Sayings worksheet from Confucius,
Daoism, Legalism
2. Outlines, notes & vocab
3. Current Events (include it for 1 – 2 lines)
Plan how you will discuss each topic
Plan out two questions
*PERIOD 6
A
B
C
Genis
Begum
Jayliz
Kevin
Camisse
Pamela
Riley
Leila
Lina
Zhen Ni
Natasha
Timothy
Camille
Miguel
Atiya
E
F
D
Amber
Tyler
Ya Ying
Arianna
Britney
Oscar
Kyle
Yu Tong
Andrew
Elving
Oumou
Gabriella
Josephine
Tony
DO NOW: Go
around your group
and each person tell
the others about
his/her Current
Event Articles.
Summarize the
topic and explain
key details. Each
person in the note
write a one
sentence summary
for each article.
*PERIOD 7
A
B
C
Dahlia
Serena
Corey
Jacky
Henry S
Nikki
Krystal
Alex Cen
Nicolle
Madeline
Tiffany
Yang
Evelyn
Raul
Alex Chen
D
Henry G
Akyisa
Judah
Henry L
Emily
E
Amer
Erika
Kayla
Stanley
Kevin
F
Yaa
Israel
Silvia
Andrew
DO NOW: Go around
your group and each
person tell the others
about his/her Current
Event Articles.
Summarize the topic
and explain key details.
Each person in the note
write a one sentence
summary for each
article.
Monday, Nov. 17
AIM: Which Chinese Philosophy is the best for a society and
a government?
DO NOW: The Wise Man – Confucius
AGENDA:
- Group discussion of Chapter
- Document Analysis – The Ideal Government
HOMEWORK:
Make up map quiz at 11:00 Monday or 2:40 on
Thursday
Finish Socratic Seminar planning sheet
Rules of a Socratic Seminar
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Speak so that all can hear you
Listen closely
Speak without raising hands
Refer to the text, historical knowledge &
current events
Talk to each other, not the leader
Ask for clarification, don’t stay confused
Invite & allow others to speak
Consider all viewpoints & ideas
Know that you are responsible for the
quality of the seminar.
Textual evidence can come from:
1. Use 3 Sayings worksheet from Confucius,
Daoism, Legalism
2. Outlines, notes & vocab
3. Current Events (include it for 1 – 2 lines)
Plan how you will discuss each topic
Plan out two questions (see prompts on back of
rubric)
* 551 – 479 B.C.E.
* Born in the feudal
state of Liu.
*Failed as a politician
* Became a teacher
and editor of books.
To store up knowledge in silence, to remain forever
hungry for learning, to teach others without tiring –
all this comes naturally for me.
Li --> Traditions, rules, ritual decorum
(Binding force of an enduring stable society)
Ren --> humaneness, benevolence,
humanity
Shu --> Reciprocity, empathy
Do not do unto others what you would
not want others to do unto you.
Yi --> Righteousness
Xiao --> Filial Piety (Respect your elders!)
1. Ruler
Subject
2. Father
Son
3. Husband
Wife
4. Older
Brother
Younger
Brother
5. Older
Friend
Younger
Friend
*
Status
* Age
* Gender
* The single most important Confucian
work.
* In Chinese, it means “conversation.”
* Focus on practicalities of interpersonal
relationships and the relationship of
the role of rulers and ministers to the
conduct of government.
* Knowing what he knows and knowing what he
doesn’t know is characteristic of the person
who knows.
* Making a mistake and not correcting it, is
making another mistake.
* The superior man blames himself; the
inferior man blames others.
* To go too far is as wrong as to fall short.
*When you see a worthy man, seek to emulate him.
When you see an unworthy man, examine yourself
*Whenever the Master saw someone in mourning, or in
ceremonial dress, or when he saw a blind man, he
always stood up and respectfully moved aside.
*What you do not wish for yourself, do not impose on
others.
*Firmness, resolution, simplicity, silence – these bring
us closer to humanity.
* 372 - 289 B.C.E.
* Disciple of Confucius.
* Starts off with the assumption that “people
are basically good.”
* If someone does something bad, education,
not punishment, is the answer.
 Good people will mend their ways in
accordance to their inherent goodness.
* 280? - 233 B.C.E.
* Lived during the
late Warring States
period.
* Legalism became
the political
philosophy of the
Qin Dynasty.
1. Human nature is naturally selfish.
2. Intellectualism and literacy is
discouraged.
3. Law is the supreme authority and
replaces morality.
4. The ruler must rule with a strong,
punishing hand.
5. War is the means of strengthening
a ruler’s power.
One who favors the principle
that individuals should obey
a powerful authority rather
than exercise individual
freedom.
The ruler, therefore, “cracks
his whip” on the backs of his
subjects!
(Daoism)
* Not sure when he
died.
[604 B.C.E. - ?]
* His name means
“Old Master”
* Was he Confucius’
teacher?
1. Tao [Dao] is the first-cause of the
universe. It is a force that flows through
all life. [Think of “The Force” from Star
Wars – Controversy over the Mystical]
2. A believer’s goal is to become one with
Tao; one with nature.
3. Wu wei --> “Let nature take its course.”
--> “The art of doing nothing.”
--> “Go with the flow!”
4. Man is unhappy because he lives acc. to
man-made laws, customs, & traditions that
are contrary to the ways of nature.
To escape the “social, political, & cultural
traps” of life, one must:
1. Reject formal knowledge and
learning.
2. Rely on the senses and instincts.
3. Discover the nature and
“rhythm” of the universe.
4. Ignore political and social laws.
* Feminine
* Masculine
* Passive
* Active
* Darkness
* Light
* Cold
* Warmth
* Weak
* Strong
* Earth;
Moon
* Heaven;
Sun
* The basic text of Taoism.
* In Chinese, it means The Classic in
the Way and Its Power.
* According to legend, Lao Tsu saw that society
was crumbling and decided to ride away alone into
the desert. However, at the mountain pass
leading to the desert, he was stopped by the
gatekeeper who knew of Lao Tsu’s reputation for
wisdom. The gatekeeper begged Lao Tsu to write
down the essence of his teachings. Thus was the
wisdom contained in the Tao Te Ching preserved.
Sayings from the Tao Te Ching
The Tao that can be told is not the eternal Tao.
The Name that can be named is not the eternal name.
In dwelling, be close to the land.
In meditation, go deep in the heart.
In dealing with others, be gentle and kind.
In speech, be true. In ruling, be just. In daily life, be competent.
In action, be aware of the time and the season.
No fight, no blame
Empty yourself of everything, let the mind become still.
Ten thousand things rise and fall while the Self watches their return.
Those who talk do not know.
Those who talk do not know.
More Sayings from the
Tao Te Ching
He who is attached to things will suffer much
He who saves will suffer heavy loss.
A contented man is never disappointed.
Give up learning and put an end to your troubles…
In the pursuit of learning, every day something is acquired.
In the pursuit of Tao, every day something is dropped.
Keep your mouth shut, guard the senses, and life is ever full.
Open your mouth, always be busy, and life is beyond hope.
Achieve results, but never glory in them.
Achieve results, but never boast.
Achieve results, but never be proud.
HENGSHAN MONASTERY
Hengshan Monastery is located on the cliffs of Mt. Hengshan,
which is one of the five sacred mountains of Taoism. In the
Shanxi province of China, near the city of Datong.
The gravity defying Hanging Monastery
was built on extremely sheer cliffs above
Jinlong Canyon 1400 years ago.
Bridges & corridors connect the pavilions and caves in which
dozens of bronze, iron, stone and clay statues are enshrined.
The mythical creatures on the
eaves serve to protect the
monastery from evil spirits.
In the Three Religions Hall, Buddha,
Confucius and Lao-tsu are all enshrined
together. This is because in present day the
three faiths co-exist in the temple.
How is a man to live in a world
dominated by chaos, suffering, and
absurdity??
TASK:
Based on what we’ve learned, does Confucianism,
Taoism or Legalism most closely align with your own
belief system? Why?
Explain your philosophy of life by choosing aspects of
these three philosophies and either agreeing or
disagreeing with them.