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The Skeletal and Muscular Systems Aim: To understand the role played by the skeletal and muscular systems in our bodies. You will learn The functions of the skeleton. Three types of joint. How joints allow movement. The structure of a moveable joint. The role of muscles in movement. An example of antagonistic muscles and how they work. www.kidshealth.org For video on muscle and bone Skeletal System 206 Total Bones Skeleton – main bones Mandible Collar bone Shoulder blade Humerus Breast bone Rib Vertebral Column Pelvis Sacrum Ulna Radius Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges Coccyx Femur Patella Tibia Fibula Tarsals Metatarsals Phalanges Skull Functions of the Skeleton The skeleton has three functions: Support:it gives the body shape otherwise we would collapse Movement: Along with our muscles the skeleton allows us to move. Protection : Many bones protect soft parts ot the body for example The skull protects the brian The backbone protects the spinal cord Bone Bone is living tissue that can grow and repair itself made of Bone cells A blood supply Nerves Calcium – which makes bone hard and strong. • Flat Bone • Long Bone • Short Bone Head – Body - Head Provides Protection As wide as they are long A joint is where two bones meet. The function of a joint is allow movement. Types Of Joints Pivot Hinge Top of the neck Elbow/Knee Ball & Socket Fused Shoulder/Hip skull Skeletal System Information Appendicular System 126 bones Axial System 80 bones Connective Tissues • Cartilage – • Ligament – • Tendon – Allows joints to move easily, cushions bones, and supports soft tissue • Ligaments connect bone to bone • Tendons join muscle to muscle or muscle to bone Antagonistic Muscles Muscles only contract (get shorter) the cannot get longer. Pairs of muscles which work opposite to each other are called antagonistic pairs of muscles. Conditions of the Skeletal System Osteoporosis Bones become fragile and more likely to break Osteoarthritis Joint disorder where the cartilage is wearing away