Download RESPONSES TO EXERCISE

RESPONSES TO
EXERCISE
YOUR BODY’S RESPONSE TO EXERCISE
What do you notice happening to your body when you exercise?
You may feel light
headed and not as
mentally alert
*You sweat
and feel hotter
You change "colour" –
your skin becoming "flushed"
*Your muscles may
begin to ache
You feel thirsty
You can feel your
pulse beating
*You breathe more deeply
and more frequently
*Your heart
beats faster
WHY DO
THESE
THINGS
HAPPEN?
Use the PE booklet – Revise
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Heart Rate (HR) Increases:
HR increases during exercise,
because we need to pump more
oxygenated blood towards the
muscles, so that they can keep
performing well. There also is an
increased blood flow which
removes the CO2 that is
released during muscle activity,
transporting it to the lungs.
Breathing Rate gets deeper and
faster:
This is because the working
muscles need more oxygen to
function. By breathing faster
and deeper more oxygen is
getting into the lungs. From
here oxygen then enters the
blood and is then pumped by
the heart around the body to
the working muscles.
YOU SWEAT, FEEL HOTTER AND
"FLUSHED"

Feel hotter/Flushed - The
body responds by sending
more blood to the skin
surface for cooling.

Sweat- The body also cools
itself by sweating, when the
water on the surface
evaporates you feel cooler.
YOUR MUSCLES ACHE
•
•
When doing high intensity
exercise over a long period of
time your body does not
produce enough oxygen to
remove waste products. (eg
circuits, 400m running)
The efficiency of your muscles
diminishes as waste products
such as lactic acid swell your
muscle, and muscle soreness
develops.
Short Term Responses

1.
Aim:
To measure the immediate physiological
changes that occur during exercise
• Procedure: Record the person
1. Heart Rate Per Minute, 2. Breaths
Per Minute, 3. Temperature (/10)
and 4. Muscle Soreness (/10)
2. After 5mins the above measurements
are retaken. Visual observations are
made about Breathing Rates and Skin
Colour
Heart Rate Determination

You can feel a pulse in an artery that
lies close to the body surface by
compressing the artery against firm
tissue
 Use your two index
finder to locate the
pulse in your radial
artery
Heart Rate Determination


Count the number of pulses in 10
seconds and multiply by 6 to calculate
the heart rate per minute
Repeat this 3 times
 Select a partner and
calculate his/her
heart rate per
minute
Breathing Rate

Number of times that an individual
breaths per min (breaths/min)

Usually between 12-16 breaths/min
in a healthy individual
Breathing Rate Determination



Place your hand on your breastbone
(sternum) and count the number of
inhalations (chest expands) in10
seconds
Multiply by 6 to calculate the
breathing rate per minute
Repeat this 3 times
Short Term Responses

1.
Aim:
To measure the immediate physiological
changes that occur during exercise
• Procedure: Record the person
1. Heart Rate Per Minute, 2. Breaths
Per Minute, 3. Temperature (/10)
and 4. Muscle Soreness (/10)
2. After 5mins the above measurements
are retaken. Visual observations are
made about Breathing Rates and Skin
Colour
•My heart rate over 10seconds is.........
•Multiply this by 6=
_________
beats per minute!
•My breathing rate over 10seconds is......
•Multiply this by 6=
_________ breathing per minute!
•My muscle soreness out of 10 is......
_________ /10
•My Temperature out of 10 is......
_________ /10
G
r
a
p
h
R
e
s
u
l
t
t
s
h
e
120
100
Before Exercise
After Exercise
80
60
40
20
0
LONG TERM
EFFECTS OF EXERCISE
James
Mr Rameka
Muscular Benefits





Exercise over the long term has
several benefits for the Muscular
system they include the
following:
Hypertrophy of muscle fibres (growth
in size) which helps to increase
strength and muscle tone.
Increased capacity for aerobic
metabolism which means the body
can burn more energy at rest as well
as operating more efficiently during
exercise.
Increased fuel storage in the muscles
When athletes exercise, this enables
an increase in the number of muscle
fibres
18
Heart getting stronger




The heart is also a muscle and
therefore:
Training can increase it’s strength and
endurance, which means the heart can
maintain a higher workload, for a
longer period.
Because other muscle operate more
efficiently, the heart is not required to
work as hard as a heart in an untrained
individual.
Resting heart rate decreases due to the
size of the heart increasing
19
Circulatory System


Regular periods of high blood flow through
the blood vessels helps to prevent the build
up of ‘plaque’ (fatty waste tissue).
The Build up of plaque in blood vessels causes
high blood pressure (which increases the
likelihood of strokes) and can lead to blood
clots, which can be fatal. Blood pressure
decreases
2/05/2017
20
Short term or Long Term Effects?


1) SweatingThe process of the sweat glands of the skin secreting
fluid. Sweating helps to remove extra heat
generated by muscles action and helps cool
the body down.
2- Sore musclesMuscles are working harder than they
normally do when exercising, they become
fatigued and tired.
Short term or Long Term Effects?


3- Increased breathing rateThe number of times you breathe per
minute . Increase as the body needs more
oxygen during exercise.
4- Increased heart rateThe number of times the heart beats per
minute. Increase in heart rate due to
exercise as it needs to pump more blood to
the working muscles. Blood is also directed
away from the parts of the body not needing
blood during exercise
Short term or Long Term Effects?
1)
2)
Decreased blood pressure-Blood
pressure is the pressure your blood
exerts against your blood vessel walls as
your heart pumps. When exercising the
heart gets stronger and can pump more
blood at a slower speed which is less
pressure on your arteries.
Increased lung capacity- the size of your
lungs increase with exercise and you can
take a bigger breath and don't need to
breathe as many times.
3) Decreased resting heart rate- the resting
heart rate decreases as the heart becomes
stronger and bigger with training.
Therefore it can pump out more blood per
beat and your heart does not need to beat
as many times when at rest.
4) Loss of weight/body fat
Exercising burns body fat which results in loss
of weight and % of body fat.
5) Increased tone and size of muscles
Muscles become bigger and more defined with
exercise as muscles are put under stress
the muscles cells grow to help hold the
stress.
Circle correct answer

1.The heart gets larger/smaller as a result of training/exercise.
2.The muscles get weaker/stronger as a result of training/exercise.
3.The lungs can breathe in and out more/less air as a result of
training/exercise.
4.The muscles get more/less flexible as a result of training/exercise.
5.Resting heart rate gets lower/higher as a result of training.
6.The blood is able to carry more/less oxygen as a result of training.
7.Heart rate returns to normal faster/slower as a result of
training/exercise.
8.The muscles get less/more blood vessels as a result of
training/exercise.
9.The heart pumps more /less blood around the body as a result of
training/exercise.
10.The lungs can breathe in more/less oxygen a result of
training/exercise.
11.The muscles can receive less/more oxygen a result of
training/exercise.
12.The lungs can breathe in a lesser/greater volume of air a result of
training/exercise.
13.The muscles get small/larger as a result of training/exercise.
14.Exercise heart rate gets lower/higher a result of training/exercise.
Which are short term and long term responses?
You may feel light
headed and not as
mentally alert
Loss of weight body fat
You sweat
and feel hotter
You can feel your
pulse beating
Your muscles may
begin to ache
You feel thirsty
Your heart
beats faster
Increase tone
and size of muscle
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Heart
increases in
size
Your smell
Muscles
decrease in
size
Lungs
decrease in
size
1. What improves with
exercise?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Increase in
muscle size
Grass stuck
to bottom
of boot
Muscle
ache
Lungs
decrease in
size
2. What does this
picture relate to?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Car
Maximum
heart rate
Heart beat
oxygen
3. Heart rate
refers to the
speed of the…..
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Meet demands
of the body
Meet demands
of body fat
Meet demands
of the heart
Meet demands
of the blood
pressure
Why does the
heart rate increase?
4.
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
To party
To pump more
oxygenated
blood
To remove CO2
To provide
nutrients
5. Why does the heart
rate increase? Which one
is incorrect
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
oxygenated
blood
oxygenated
H2O
oxygenated
CO2
oxygenated
O2
6. What is pumped
out of the heart?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Brain & Lungs
Foot & Lungs
Heart & Lungs
Right Ventricle
& Lungs
7. Where is the blood
pumped to get rid of
CO2 ?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
HRmax =
200 − age
HRmax =
210 − age
HRmax =
220 − age
of your dog
HRmax =
220 − age
8. How to you work
out your Maximum
Heart Rate?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Long term
parking at
airport
Long term
singing
Long term
training
Long term
relationship
9. A decreased resting
heart rate in due to?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Via the
swing
system
Via the
integuary
system
Via the
circulatory
system
Via the
muscular
system
10. How does the body
transport blood in the
body?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Veins
Veines
Arteries
Ateries
11. What takes blood
away from the heart?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Veins
Veines
Aorta
capillary
12. What is the largest
artery in the body?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
13. Which athlete should
have a lower resting
heart rate & why?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
14. Which athlete should
have a higher maximum
heart rate & why?
Pass your answers over to
another person to your left
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Heart
increases in
size
Your smell
Muscles
decrease in
size
Lungs
decrease in
size
1. What improves with
exercise?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Increase in
muscle size
Grass stuck
to bottom
of boot
Muscle
ache
Lungs
decrease in
size
2. What does this
picture relate to?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Car
Maximum
heart rate
Heart
beat
oxygen
3. Heart rate
refers to the
speed of the…..
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Meet
demands of
the body
Meet demands
of the heart
Meet demands
of body fat
Meet demands
of the blood
pressure
Why does the
heart rate increase?
4.
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
To party
To pump more
oxygenated
blood
To remove CO2
To provide
nutrients
5. Why does the heart
rate increase? Which one
is incorrect
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
oxygenated
blood
oxygenated
CO2
oxygenated
H2O
oxygenated
O2
4. What is pumped
out of the heart?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Brain & Lungs
Heart &
Lungs
Foot & Lungs
Right Ventricle
& Lungs
5. Where is the blood
pumped to get rid of
CO2 ?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
HRmax =
200 − age
HRmax =
210 − age
HRmax =
220 − age
of your dog
HRmax = 220
− age
6. How to you work out
your Maximum Heart
Rate?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Long term
parking at
airport
Long
term
training
Long term
singing
Long term
relationship
7. A decreased resting
heart rate in due to?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Via the
swing
system
Via the
circulatory
system
Via the
integuary
system
Via the
muscular
system
8. How does the body
transport blood in the
body?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Veins
Arteries
Veines
Ateries
7. What takes blood
away from the heart?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
Veins
Veines
Aorta
capillary
8. What is the largest
artery in the body?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
9. Which athlete should
have a lower resting
heart rate & why?
Responses to exercises
Quiz – 10 Questions
10. Which athlete should
have a higher maximum
heart rate & why?