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REFERENCES The Role of the Dental Hygienist It i s imp or ta n t fo r Hy gie n ist t o u nde rsta n d t he e f fe c ts on V ita mi n D o n ora l hea l th e spe cia ll y f or pa tie nt s w it h hi g h r is k of ca ri es a n d peri od o nta l d ise a se . V ita mi n D su pp leme nta ti on s h ou l d no t b e u se d a s a repla ce me nt f or trea tm en t of De nta l Ca rie s or Pe r io do nt a l Di sea se bu t ca n he l p impr o ve c o ndi ti on s . http://www.simplestepdental.c om http://easyhomesteading.blogspot.com/20 13/02/vitamin-d-for-teeth.html http://www.webmd.com/vitam inssupplements/ingredientmono929vitamin%20d.aspx?activeingre dientid=929&activeingredient name=vitamin%20d https://www.vitamindcouncil.o rg/health-conditions/dentalcaries/ How vitamin D works Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin that promotes calcium absorption and is essential in the development of healthy bones and teeth. The Importance and Benefits of Vitamin D A deficiency of vitamin D can lead to osteoporosis, osteomalacia in adults and Rickets in children. Low levels of vitamin D are also linked to cancer, diabetes, heart disease, and pre-clampsia. In the mouth, a deficiency of vitamin D can increase the risk of jaw fracture, periodontal disease and dental caries. Deficiency during early development can affect tooth formation. People with kidney disease sometimes have vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is used for condition of the heart and blood pressure including high blood pressure and high cholesterol. It can also be used for diabetes, obesity, cancer, arthritis, asthma, and autoimmune disease. Sources of Vitamin D Sunlight Fish Milk products and fortified milk Egg yolk Some cereals Tofu Potatoes How Does Vitamin D Improve Oral Health? Vitamin D receptors are found on cells of the immune system and teeth. Vitamin D binds to these receptors and produces antimicrobial proteins, cathelicidin and defensins which reduce the number of bacteria in the mouth that can cause dental caries and periodontal disease. Dental caries or tooth decay is caused by demineralization of the hard tissues of the teeth from bacteria. Enamel is the most mineralized tissue of the human body. It is made up of mostly calcium and phosphate. Vitamin D increases the absorption of calcium and phosphate from the food you eat. Increasing the absorption of calcium and phosphate can improve the strength of your teeth and their ability to fight off demineralization. Periodontal disease (PD) is a chronic gum disease. Certain oral bacteria cause the gums to become inflamed, and bleed. The connective tissue that holds the teeth into the jaw bone then becomes weakened and ultimately can lead to tooth loss. Vitamin D’s antimicrobial properties reduce the specific bacteria such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that cause Periodontal disease.