Download Oral health education and Health promotion Foods habits

Dr. Abdelmonem Altarhony
Foods habits and implication in oral
health
(Oral health education and Health promotion)
Objective
Students should be able to explain and discuss:
• Diet assessment and counseling in dental care
• The role of dental provider in diet counseling- primary,
secondary and tertiary prevention
• Dietary guidelines
• Recommendations for specific population groups
• Nutritional factors affecting the oral cavity
• Diet and enamel demineralization
• Effects of eating Patterns and physical form of foods
• Diet suggestion for patients with special conditions
The role of dental provider in diet
counseling
primary, secondary and tertiary prevention
Primary prevention :
1. Preventing oral diseases before they occur.
2. Guidelines for a healthy diet and information on
dietary implications in dental caries and
periodontal disease.
3. Targets: patients and groups at increased risk for
developing oral problems.
Type of patients who might be at increase
risk of oral diseases related to their diet and
nutrition status.
1. Patients with cariogenic diet pattern,
2. Patients with xerostomia,
3. Adolescents with high intake of soft drinks,
sports drinks, and snack foods
4. New denture wearers or those having jaw
fixation,
5. Patients under radiation or chemotherapy
Secondary prevention
It is intervention to arrest a disease condition
that has already occurred and prevent further
disease and occurrence.
Tertiary prevention
• Supportive and rehabilitative services to
maximize the quality of life
• Discuss methods of preparing foods to
facilitate consumption of a healthy diet when
chewing can be compromised by tooth loss or
dentures.
Dietary guidelines
Are designed to recommend a pattern of eating
to promote health and prevent chronic disease.
Nutritional factors affecting
the oral cavity
1.Tetracycline staining of teeth
2.Dental fluorosis
3.Enamel defects in children born prematurely
4.Fever induced hypoplasia seen in primary
teeth
5.Protein energy malnutrition in early
childhood can result in an increased caries risk.
Protein deficiency may
leads to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Decrease in the ratio of gingival healing.
Delays in tooth eruption,
Enamel structural deficiencies,
Decreased salivary flow and buffering capacity,
Impaired salivary antimicrobial effect ( higher
caries susceptibility)
6. Impact immune response tissue regeneration
and response to insult and infection.
Minerals deficiency
Calcium, vitamin D, and phosphorus are
essential for proper development and
maintenance of mineralized tissues, especially
teeth alveolar bone.
Deficiency can results in:
• Hypomineralization of developing teeth and
possible delayed eruption.
Why premature children are more
predisposed to those conditions?
What is the most common nutrient deficient in
almost all world countries?
Iron
Vegas diet should be complemented with Vitamin C
for enhancement of Iron absorption from
vegetables.
Zinc deficiency
1. Inhibit collagen formation,
2. Retard osteogenesis and bone matrix
mineralization,
3. Delayed wound healing,
4. Defective keratinization of epithelial cells,
5. Atrophic oral mucosa, and xerostomia,
6. Declines in taste experience
Food rich in Zn
Vitamin A
• Essential for the development and continued
integrity of all body organs and tissues,
including the epithelial mucosa of the oral
cavity.
• *Vitamin A deficiency impairs cells
differentiation.
• Vitamin A toxicity can show similar effects
with impaired healing response being the
most direct affect in the oral cavity.
Vitamin C
• Synthesis of hydroxyproline, an essential
component of collagen, requires ascorbic acid.
• Defects in collagen synthesis are responsible
for the many manifestations of vitamin C
deficiency called SCURVY.
Scurvy – signals in the oral cavity:
• Scurvy Detachment of oral epithelial tissue.
• Impaired wound healing.
• The odds of having periodontal disease are
higher in those with low dietary vitamin C and
smokers with low Vit. C intake are at 1.6 times
higher risk of having periodontal disease.
• Ascorbic acid is essential to resistance to oral
infection.
Complex B vitamins
Oral signs and symptoms of vitamin B complex
deficiency:
1. Cracks in the corner of the mouth – cheilosis
and inflammation,
2. Burning sensation,
3. Redness,
4. Pain,
5. Swelling of the tongue.
Sources of vitamin B
complex
Effects of eating Patterns and
physical form of foods
Dietary factors that affect risk of caries
development:
1. Frequency of eating ( Vipeholm study) sugar
between meals intake lead to increase of
dental caries
2. Physical form of the carbohydrate (liquid X
solid, hard, sticky)
• Starchy foods as soft bread and potato chips
are retained on tooth surface for longer time
results in lower pH for longer time.
3. Sequence in which food are consumed
• Sugared coffee in the end of a meal will cause
the plaque pH to remain low longer than
when an unsweetened food is eaten
following sugared coffee.
• If peanuts are eaten before or after sugarcontaining foods,
• the plaque pH is less depressed.
4. Presence of minerals in a food
Caries-protective food:
• Protein, fat, phosphorus, and calcium.
• Fluoride
• Aged natural cheeses have been shown to be
cariostatic.
• Lipids accelerate oral clearance of food particles
Thank you