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A.P. European History
Chapter 8: The West Before 1300
Section 1: The Greeks
By Dallin F. Hardy

Greeks


2,000 B.C.
Beginning of

Western Civilization

Greek Geography

Polis

Means


“City State”
Central focus of

Greek life

Greek Alphabet

750 B.C.

Panhellenic

“All Greek”

Greek Mythology

Polytheistic

Mount Olympus

Home of

Major Greek gods

Zeus

Apollo

Poseidon

Athena

Dionysus

Sparta & Athens

Most Powerful

City-States

Sparta

725 B.C.

Lycurgus

Introduced a military state

Spartan Life

Spartan Government

Militaristic

Athens

Solon


594 B.C.
Revised

Athenian Constitution

Clisthenes

Laid foundations of

Democracy

Athenian Government

Democratic

Persian Wars


499-448 B.C.
Greeks vs. Persia

Persia


5th Century B.C.
Led by


Darius
Sought to conquer

Greece

Battle of Marathon



490 B.C.
Athenians vs. Persians
Results


Athenian victory
Preserved Athenian
freedom

Xerxes


King of Persia
480 B.C.

Attempted to conquer

Greece

Battle of Thermopylae



480 B.C.
Spartans vs. Persians
Results

Spartan heroic defeat

Battle of Plataea



479 B.C.
Greeks/Spartans vs.
Persians
Results

Preserved Western
Civilization

Herodotus

“Father of History”

Golden Age of Athens

480-404 B.C.

Pericles


Influential statesman
Rebuilt

Athens

Peloponnesian War


431-404 B.C.
Athenian Empire vs.
Sparta

Results of Peloponnesian War


Spartan victory
Delian League

Dismantled

Thucydides

Historian of

Peloponnesian War
Greek Political Philosophy and the
Crisis of the Polis

Socrates

Questioned people about

Human behavior

Death of Socrates

Tried and convicted of


Corrupting the youth
Executed

Plato


Student of Socrates
Founded

The Academy

Philosophy of Plato

Wrote


Republic
Sought to destroy

Causes of strife

Aristotle


Student of Plato
Established

Lyceum
The Empire of Alexander the Great

Macedonian Conquest


355-336 B.C.
Led by

Philip II

Alexander the Great

Reigned 336-323 B.C.

Conquests of Alexander the Great

334-323 B.C.

Hellenistic Civilization

Created due to
conquests of

Alexander the Great