Download We will study the structure and

4th Grade Science
Weeks 12 and 13
Nov. 14th – 22nd
Dr. Chery Whipple
In class this week:
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We will study the structure and impact of volcanoes.
We will begin our review and preparation for our second assessment.
Questions we will tackle:
• What is the difference between an active, dormant, and extinct
volcano?
• What is a hot spot?
• What is the difference between lava and magma?
• What are the 3 main volcano structures? How are the eruptions similar
or different between each type?
• What type of volcanoes are Mt. Fuji, Mt Hood, Mt St. Helen, and Mt.
Rainier?
We will start our review for our second assessment - Geology I unit (plate
tectonics, earthquakes and volcanoes.
Our second assessment will be Tuesday, November 22, 2016.
We will be doing a jeopardy game in class and reviewing our notes together.
There shouldn’t be much need to study at home. But in case you’d like to check in
with your students’ progress, I’ve included a few review questions (with
answers) below.
Geology I Mini-­‐‑Review Earth’s Structure 1. What is Geology? (the study of the earth’s surface and sub-­‐‑surface, including its history, composition, structure and changes.) 2. What is the Geosphere? (the solid, rocky part of the earth) Label the parts of the Earth: 3. Crust 4. Mantle 5. Outer Core 6. Inner Core 7. What parts of the Earth comprise the Lithosphere? (the crust and the upper layer of the mantle) 8. What are the two types of crust? (oceanic and continental) 9. Which is thicker: oceanic or continental crust? (continental) 10. What is the inner core composed of? (iron) 11. What state of matter is the inner core? (solid) 12. In which layer of the Earth are convection currents occurring? (the mantle) 13. How do these convection currents affect the crust? (they cause the plates that make up the crust to move) 14. What is the theory of plate tectonics? (the lithosphere is broken into large pieces and the pieces are moving) 15 & 16. Name two examples of the evidence we have to support the theory of Plate Tectonics: (pattern of earthquakes & volcanoes, pattern of continent shapes, pattern of fossil types, pattern of rock types) Geology I Mini-­‐‑Review Plate Tectonics & Volcanoes 1. What is the theory of plate tectonics? (the lithosphere is broken into large pieces and the pieces are moving) 2. Why is the term “continental drift” not accurate? (it implies that the continental land masses are drifting around, through the oceanic crust!) 3. What causes the plates to move? (convection currents in the mantle) 4. What is Pangaea? (a supercontinent that existed 250 million years ago, and since has split into today’s seven continents) Label the volcano diagram: 5. Magma chamber 6. Vent 7. Conduit 8. Lava flow 9. Ash cloud 10. What is an active volcano? (a volcano that erupts regularly) 11. What is the difference between an extinct volcano and a dormant volcano? (an extinct volcano will never erupt again, while a dormant volcano may erupt again one day) Label the volcanic cone diagram: 12. Composite volcano 13. Shield volcano 14. Cinder cone 15. Name one famous shield volcano. (Kilauea, Mauna Loa, Olympus Mons) 16. Name one famous composite volcano. (Mt. St. Helens, Krakatoa, Vesuvius, Mt. Etna) Geology I Mini-­‐‑Review Earthquakes & Volcanoes 1. What is a fault? (a crack in the crust) 2. What is the focus? (the origin of an earthquake) 3. What is the epicenter? (the point on the surface directly above the focus) 4. Locate the fault on the diagram. 5. Locate the focus on the diagram. 6. Locate the epicenter on the diagram. 7. What is a seismograph? (an instrument that records tremors in the earth) 8. Can you locate an earthquake’s epicenter with data from ONE seismograph station? (no, you need three readings) 9. What is the Richter Scale? (a tool used to measure the magnitude/strength of earthquakes) 10. What does the Mercalli Intensity scale measure? (earthquake destruction) 11. How can you use the Mercalli Intensity scale to locate the epicenter? (the site with the greatest destruction) Name the type of volcanic cone in the diagram: 12. Cinder 13. Composite/Strato 14. Shield 15. What is the difference between lava and magma? (lava is magma that has been exposed to the air) 16. What is a hotspot? (an area where the magma is closer to the surface )