* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Measuring Kinetic and Potential Energy
William Flynn Martin wikipedia , lookup
Energy subsidies wikipedia , lookup
Energy storage wikipedia , lookup
Open energy system models wikipedia , lookup
Potential energy wikipedia , lookup
100% renewable energy wikipedia , lookup
Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program wikipedia , lookup
Public schemes for energy efficient refurbishment wikipedia , lookup
Kinetic energy wikipedia , lookup
Zero-energy building wikipedia , lookup
Energy Charter Treaty wikipedia , lookup
World energy consumption wikipedia , lookup
Low-carbon economy wikipedia , lookup
Regenerative brake wikipedia , lookup
Alternative energy wikipedia , lookup
Energy policy of Australia wikipedia , lookup
International Energy Agency wikipedia , lookup
Internal energy wikipedia , lookup
Energy returned on energy invested wikipedia , lookup
Energy efficiency in transport wikipedia , lookup
Energy harvesting wikipedia , lookup
Energy policy of the United Kingdom wikipedia , lookup
Distributed generation wikipedia , lookup
Energy policy of Finland wikipedia , lookup
Life-cycle greenhouse-gas emissions of energy sources wikipedia , lookup
Energy policy of the European Union wikipedia , lookup
Negawatt power wikipedia , lookup
Conservation of energy wikipedia , lookup
United States energy law wikipedia , lookup
Energy in the United Kingdom wikipedia , lookup
Energy efficiency in British housing wikipedia , lookup
Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 wikipedia , lookup
Names:_______________________________________________________ Measuring Kinetic and Potential Energy Directions: Using the materials provided complete the following activities and answer all of the questions. Half of the groups will be working on parts 1 and 2, while the other 3 groups will be working on parts 3 and 4, then groups will switch. Part 1: Using wind-up toys to compare and contrast potential and kinetic energy. 1. Predict how increasing the elastic potential energy of a wind-up toy’s spring will affect the length of time the toy runs. 2. Test your predictions by comparing how long the toy runs when wound one, two and three turns. Let it run in your hands; don’t make it fight gravitational energy by running it on your desk. Toy 1 - _______________________ Number of turns Run time 1 2 3 Toy 2 - _____________________ Number of turns 1 2 3 Run time 3. What type of energy do you use to wind up the toy and where did your energy come from? 4. What type of energy does the toy use to move? Optional extension…what does that energy get converted into? 5. How do you increase the toy’s potential energy? 6. How does increased potential energy affect the toy’s kinetic energy? What data do you have to support your conclusion? Names:_______________________________________________________ Part 2 - Energy Conversions: Using a balloon, a flashlight, an electronic device (heating pad, hair dryer, light) and a piece of fruit – trace the path of energy to and through the object (identify and record the energy type and conversions that take place for each object). Describe where the stored energy comes from, how it is stored, what it is changed to and how it ends up. The 9 types of energy are listed on the back – you will need to include elastic potential energy for the balloon. A BALLOON: blow it up and let the air out (DO NOT LET THE BALLOON FLY ACROSS THE ROOM!!) – A FLASHLIGHT: An ELECTRONIC DEVICE: Write the type of device here_________________ A PIECE OF FRUIT: Names:_______________________________________________________ Part 3: Using the cars, stop watches, meter sticks and balances (located on the back tables) determine the amount of kinetic energy for each car. You will need to recall (or look up) the equation for kinetic energy and you will need to measure mass and velocity (velocity = distance/time; velocity is measured in meters/second). Record your results here… Cars… Car description Mass (g) Distance travelled (meters) Time (seconds) Velocity (m/sec) Kinetic Energy (g.m2/s2) 1 2 3 1. Which car has the greatest kinetic energy? 2. Why does the car you chose for question 1 have the greatest kinetic energy? 3. How can you increase a moving object’s kinetic energy? There are two things you can change that will result in a change in kinetic energy. Names:_______________________________________________________ Part 4: Theory states that gravitational potential energy depends on mass. Using the 3 different size marbles, the balance, the meter stick and the shoe box (on the front table)…see if you can collect data that supports this theory. Measure and record the mass of each marble. Controlling this experiment for height (that means… use the same height for each trial) drop the marbles (one at a time) into the shoebox. Make and record observations about the dent (first dent if the marble bounces) made by each marble. Height of drops:__________ Gravitational Potential Energy Marble… Mass (g) Observations of the dent Rank from 1(most) – 3(least) 1- Smallest 2 – Medium 3 – Biggest 1. Which marble had the most energy? How do you know? 2. Does the data you collected support the theory that gravitational potential energy depends on mass? Explain. Names:_______________________________________________________ 9 TYPES OF ENERGY Chemical energy is stored in the bonds of molecules. This is a form of potential energy until the bonds are broken. Fossil fuels and biomass store chemical energy. Electrical energy is the movement of electrically charged particles. Lightning, and static electricity are examples of electrical energy that occur naturally. Science hasn't found a way to use natural forms of electrical energy, like lightning. Instead, we use different energy sources to create electrical energy by using generators and turbines. Gravitational energy is the attraction between two objects. The moon in its orbit around the earth, the earth in its orbit around the sun, the ocean's tides, your ability to stay on the ground instead of floating into the atmosphere are all examples of gravitational energy. Thermal (Heat) energy is created in the movement of atoms. Boiling water, burning wood, and rubbing your hands together really fast are all examples of heat energy. Geothermal, and passive solar are sources of heat energy, but biomass (a type of chemical energy) can be burned to produce heat energy. Electromagnetic (Light) energy is the movement of photons. (The light spectrum of electromagnetic waves shows light energy.) All life on earth is dependent on light energy from the sun. Examples of light energy include radio waves (AM, FM, TV), microwaves, X-rays, and plant growth. Active solar energy uses photovoltaic panels and light to turn light energy into chemical energy. Magnetic energy is the attraction of objects made of iron. Medical equipment (MRI scanning), compass, refrigerator magnets are all examples of magnetic energy. Any type of energy source that uses a generator in the process to make electricity uses magnetic energy. Mechanical energy is the movement of machine parts. Wind-up toys, grandfather clocks, and pogo sticks are examples of mechanical energy. Wind power uses mechanical energy to help create electricity. Nuclear energy is the energy stored within atoms. Nuclear energy is unusual in that it can give off energy in the form of light or heat, but it is the change in the atom's makeup that produces the energy. Submarines, power plants, and smoke detectors all use nuclear energy. Nuclear power plants use uranium, a radioactive element, to create electricity. Sound energy is the movement molecules in the air that produces vibrations. Alarms, music, speech, ultrasound medical equipment all use sound energy. VCR tapes change sound energy into electrical energy. The electrical energy records the sound using magnetic tape. Speakers read the magnetic tape and change it back into sound.