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Unit 3 Study Guide reiterate (verb)- to say something again or repeatedly for emphasis or clarity sturdy (adjective)- strongly built wary (adjective)- being on one's guard against danger; alert dwell (verb)- to live or stay in as permanent resident clench (verb)- to close tightly (teeth, hands,etc.); grip redeem (verb) - to exchange for money or goods region (noun) - a group of places that have something in common merry (adjective) - full of joy and cheerfulness feature (noun) - something offered as a special attraction rotund (adjective) - plump; round in shape vague (adjective) - of uncertain, indefinite, or unclear character or meaning fierce (adjective) - eager or intense furious (adjective) - angry or filled with rage gingerly (adverb) - cautious, careful or wary rummage (verb) - to search thoroughly eerie (adjective) - strange and frightening gradually (adjective) - slowly, little by little frequent (adjective) - to occur often linger (verb) - to stay in one place longer than usual collaborate (verb) - to work together complacent (adjective) - a feeling of being satisfied with how things are, not wanting to make them better tedious (adjective) - tiresome because of length or boring banish (verb) - to send away optimistic (noun) - a feeling or belief that good things will happen in the future project (verb) - to put forth, present rapport (noun) - a friendly relationship menial (adjective) - boring or unpleasant work pessimistic (adjective) - a feeling or belief that bad things will happen in the future lurk (verb) - to be in a hidden place discreet (adjective) - not likely to be seen or noticed by many people daunting (adjective) - tending to make people afraid or less confident cunning (adjective) - getting what is wanted in a clever and often mischievous way antonym (noun) - a word with a meaning that is opposite to the meaning of another word varied (adjective) - having many forms or types, variety scrawny (adjective) - very thin in a way that is not attractive or healthy ridicule (noun) - the act of making fun of someone or something in a cruel or harsh way mythology (noun) - ideas that are believed by many people but that are not true brute (noun/adjective) - cruel and animal-like quotient (noun)- the answer to a division problem ornery (adjective) - stubborn, obstinate particular (adjective) - single or specific person, place or thing plausible (adjective) - believable Spelling ● Compound Words -- understand, sometimes, thunderstorm, anyway, laptop, and cliffhanger ● contractions -- don’t, wouldn’t, you’re, I’ve, wasn’t, aren’t, and it’ll ● final le, al, en -- national, natural, single, animal, frighten, and strengthen ● words with final er and ar -- together, calendar, similar, regular, theater, and never ● consonants /j/, /ks/, and /kw/ -- except, quick, knowledge, excellent, expect, and question ● possessives -- family’s, families’, man’s, men’s, brother’s, brothers’, and teather’s ● un- , dis- , in- -- uncertain, discontinue, indirect, disobey, incomplete and unsolved Grammar ● changing verbs to past, present and future tense ● irregular verbs ● ● ● ● ● Singular - I, me, he, she, him, her, and it and Plural pronouns - we, us, they and them Subject - I, you, he, she, and it and Object Pronouns - we, you and they pronouns and antecedents possessive pronouns -- my, mine, your, yours, her, hers, his, its, our, ours, their, and theirs contractions and negatives I can identify, compare, contrast, and explain the elements of drama, poetry, and prose. I can write a drama into a prose format, and write a prose into a drama format. Elements of drama: written as a script contains mostly dialogue includes a list of characters description that describes the setting contains stage directions. Elements of poetry: written in lines and stanzas always has rhythm and meter sometimes has rhyme uses figurative language to create imagery theme is usually an image Elements of prose: written as complete paragraphs and sentences purpose is to inform, entertain, persuade, or describe contains main idea and details to support may contain some dialogue does not have rhythm and meter I can identify, use, and understand figurative language in text. Types of figurative language: onomatopoeia: sound words simile: compares two things using the words like or as metaphor: comparing two things without using like or as, by calling one thing the other hyperbole: an exaggeration personification: giving human traits to nonhuman things idiom: when you say one thing to mean something else alliteration: repeated beginning sounds of words assonance: repeated vowel sounds adage: old and well known saying that expresses a general truth