Download Adjectives and Adverbs

Adjectives and Adverbs
Check point
Tick the correct answer
The owner thinks the flat is:
perfect
warm and cosy
Chart Check
T
T
Adverbs
They are quiet tenants.
They work quietly.
F Adverbs often come
before nouns.
There's a fast lift.
It moves very fast.
The flat sounds nice.
She described it nicety.
F
It’s absolutely perfect.
It’s absolutely perfect.
The flat felt warm.
The owner greeted the tenants
warmly
Circle T (true) or F (false)
T
Adjectives
F
Adjectives often come
after action verbs.
Adverbs often end in –
ly-
Express Check
Complete these sentences with the correct form of slow.
A: There’s a -------------- lift. It moves very--------------------------.
B: it’s not------------------.it just seems --------------------------------.
Grammar Explanations
Examples
1. Use adjectives to describe nouns orpronouns (for people. places. and
things).
Adjectives usually come immediately
before the noun they describe.
Adjectives can also come after stative
verbs such as be, look, sound or seem.
2. Use adverbs to describe
adjectives and other adverbs.
verbs,
Adverbs that describe adjectives and
other
adverbs
usually
come
immediately before the word they
describe.
3. Use adverbs of manner to describe
action verbs.
These adverbs often answer How?
Questions. They come after the verb
they describe.
Be careful! Do not put an adverb of
manner between the verb and its direct
object.
4. Adverbs of manner are often formed
by adding-ly- to adjectives.
Noun
adjective
pron. Adjective
The houses are beautiful. They are new.
adjective
Noun
This is a small flat.
Verb adjective.
This flat seems small.
Verb
adverb
They furnished it nicely.
Adverb
adjective
It’s an extremely nice house.
Adverb adverb
They found it very quickly.
It’ll sell quickly.
(Quickly describes how fast it will sell.)
Verb
direct object
She’ll rent this flat quickly.
Not she’ll rent quickly this flat.
adjective
We need a quick decision.
Adverb
-
Be careful! Some adjectives also
end in -ly, for example, silly, friendly,
lovely and lonely.
5. Some common adverbs of manner
do not end in-ly.
You should decide quickly.
adjective
It's a lovely flat.
Adjective
Adverb
She's a good writer. She writes well.
a. The adverb form of good is well.
b. Some adverbs have the same
form as their related adjectives,
for example, early, fast, wrong,
late, and hard.
Be careful! Lately is not the adverb
form of late. Lately means 'recently'.
Hardly is not the adverb form of hard.
Hardly means 'almost not',
Adjective
Bob was late
She's a hard worker.
Adverb
Bob came late.
She works hard
She hasn't met any new people lately.
• There's hardly enough time to prepare
for her classes. Her part-time job takes
up most of her time.
Check it out! For a discussion of adverbs of frequency, see Unit 2.
Adjectives and Adverbs
Check Point
Tick the things the boy and
girl have in common.
cycling speed
width of shoulders
control of bike
length of anus
Chart Check
Tick the correct answers.
Which words are always used in
comparisons with as…as?
Not
A verb
An adjective or adverb.
adjectives
Verb *(not)
The girl
as
adjective
as
fast
as
Is
She
as
Her bike
The girl’s bike Isn’t
*stative verbs like be, look, seem
The boy
good
He is
big
His.
heavy
The boy’s
adverb
Verb *(not)
The girl
as
Cycle
She
Her bike
The girl’s bike
*Action verbs
Doesn’t
cycle
as
adverb
as
fast
as
The boy
well
He is
smoothly
His.
consistently
The boy’s
Express Check
Complete these sentences with as ……as and tile words in brackets.
A: My old bike wasn't
----------------------- my new one. Of course, it didn't
(Expensive)
Perform ------------------------- the new one.
(Well)
B: And it didn't look ---------------------- the new one, either.
(Good)
Grammar Explanations
1. You can use as + adjective + as to
compare two people, places or things.
Use as + adjective + as to compare two
people, places or things that are equal in
some way_ Use just to emphasise the
equality.
Use not as +adjective +-as to talk about
two people, places or things that are
different in some way.
Examples
• Trax bikes are as expensive as Gordos.
(The Trax bike costs a lot of money. The
Garda bike costs the same amount of
money.)
• The Trax bike isn’t as light as the Gordo,
though. (The two bikes are not the same
weight.)
• This helmet is as good as yours.
• It's just as expensive as yours, too.
• The new adverts are not as effective as the
old ones.
• They aren’t as funny as the old ones,
either.
2. You can' also use as+ adverb +as to
compare two actions.
• He rides as fast as she does.
(They ride equally last.)
Use as + adverts + as to talk about two
actions that are the same or equal. Use •He doesn’t ride as safely as she does,
though.
just to emphasise the equality.
(They don't ride the same way. She rides
Use not as+ adverb + as to talk about two
mare solely than he does.)
actions that are not the same or equal.
•Kleen brightens as thoroughly as brite.
•It removes stains just as effectively as brite.
3. You do not always have to mention both
parts of a comparison. Sometimes the
meaning is clear from the context.
• Trax and Gordo are both great bikes but
Trax isn’t as light (as Gordo).
• Jake and Christopher both ride fast but
Christopher doesn’t rude as skilfully.
Adjectives: Comparatives
Check Point
Check the correct answer
The new restaurant will be
Different from the old restaurant.
The same as the old restaurant.
Chart check
Circle T(true) Or F( false)
T
F the comparative adjective form always and in –er.
T
F You can use the same comparative adjective twice in
statement to show a change in a situation
a
Comparative
Comparative
Than
Brighter
The new
restaurant is
better
than
More
Comfortable
less
beautiful
The old one.
Repeated comparatives
The food is getting
Comparative
and
comparative
Better
and
better
Worse
worse
More
more
delicious
less
less
interesting
Double Comparative
the
comparative
the
More crowded
the
The restaurant The
Express Check
Complete this sentence.
Mo's is bigger and -------------popular ----------------Val's.
Comparative
slower
The service
Grammar Explanations
a. Use the comparative form of
adjectives to focus on a difference
between people, places and things.
2. There is more than one way to form the
comparative of adjectives.
Examples
•The new menu is bigger than the old
menu.
•The new waiters are more experienced
than the old waiters.
Adjective
Comparative
Bright
Brighter
Friendly
Friendlier
Be careful! There are often spelling
changes when you add –er.
Nice
Nicer
Big
Bigger
Be careful! Some adjectives have
irregular comparative forms.
Pretty
Prettier
Good
Better
Bad
Worse
comfortable
More comfortable
a. For one-syllable adjectives and twosyllable adjectives ending in –y, use
adjective + -er.
b. For most other adjectives of two or
more
syllables,
us
more/less+
adjective.
c. For some adjectives , use either –er or
more/ less
Less comfortable
•The river Inn is quitter than Joe’s
•The river Inn is more quiet than Joe’s
4.Use the comparative with than when you
mention the things you are comparing.
Use the comparative without than when it is
clear which things you are comparing.
•The apple pie is better than the cake.
•The new desserts are better.
(The new desserts are better than the old
desserts.)
4.Repeat the same comparative to talk about •It's getting harder and harder to find an
change - an-increase or a decrease:
inexpensive restaurant.
Comparative +and + comparative
Adjective
adjective
Or
More/less+ and + more / less+ adjective
5.Use a double comparative to show cause
and. effect:
The+ comparative adjective +the
+comparative adjective
•The prices of mobile phones are going
lower and lower.
•It’s getting more and more difficult.
•Cars are becoming less and less expensive.
•The shorter the queue, the faster the
service.
(when he queue is shorter, the service is faster)
•The more expensive the restaurant, the
bigger the bill.
Adjectives :Superlatives
Check Point
Tick the correct answer.
The sender of this card thinks his wife is very:
typical
special
NOTE: On Valentine's Day (14 February), many people send cards to special people in their lives
to tell them how much they love them.
Chart Check
Tick the correct answer
Which letters do you add to the end of a short adjective to form the superlative?
a or an
the
most
Which letters do you add to the end of a short adjective to form the superlative?
-er
-est
Which words do you add before a long adjective to form the superlative?
More or less
Most or least
Superlative
You are
That’s
Superlative Adjective form
The swelest
The funniest
The best
The most wonderful
The least selfsh
The nicest
The loveliest
The worst
The most amusing
The least original
Person in the word
Card I’v received
Express Check - complete the chart
adjective
superlative
nice
Beautiful
Warm
happy
Grammar Explanations
1. Use the superlative form adjectives to single
out people, places and things.
Examples
•You are the best parents in the world.
•You are the most wonderful friend I’ve ever
had.
2. There is more than one way to form the
superlative of adjective.
adjective
superlative
Bright
The brightest
a. For one-syllable, or two-syllable
adjectives ending in –y, use the
adjective+ -est.
Friendly
The friendliest
Nice
The nicest
Big
The biggest
Pretty
The prettiest
Good
The best
Bad
The worst
Comfortable
The most comfortable
Be careful! There are often spelling changes
when you add –est.
Be careful! Some adjectives have irregular
superlative forms.
b. For most other adjectives, of two or more
syllables, use the most/the least+
adjective.
c. For some adjectives use either
the…….est or the most/the least.
The least comfortable
•The third hotel was the quietest
•The third hotel was the most quiet
3. The superlative is often used with •You're the best mother in the world.
expressions beginning in or of such as in the •He’s the cleverest one of us all.
world and of all.
4. The superlative is sometimes followed by •That’s the nicest card I’ve ever received.
clause. Often the clause uses the present •You have the loveliest smile I’ve ever
perfect with ever.
seen.
Adverbs: comparatives and superlatives
Check Point
Circle T(true) or F (false)
T F
Jordan improves every time he plays.
Chart Check
Tick the correct answer:
What do you add to long adverbs to form the comparative?
More or less
-er or –est
Which word do you always add to form the superlative?
Most
the
Comparative
Comparative adverb Form
than
Harder
Jordan played
better
More
Aggressively
less
consistently
than
steve
Superlative
Superlative Adverb Form
The fastest
He threw
The best
Of anyone in the game
The most
The least
Express Check
Circle the correct words to complete these sentences.
Sims threw faster than / of Jones. He played better / the best of all.
Grammar Explanations
1. use the comparative form of adverbs to
focus on differences beteween actions .
use the comparative without than when it is
clear thing you are comparing .
Examples
•The Bull played better than the Lakers.
•Jordon played more skilfully than O’Neal.
•He played less aggressively, though.
2. Use the superlative form of adverbs to •Steve tried the hardest.
single out something about an action .
•He scored the most frequently of any player
We often use the superlative with on the team.
expressions beginning with of, such as of
any player.
3.there is more than one way to form the
comparative and superlative of adverbs.
adverb
comparative Superlative
Fast
Faster
The fastest
Hard
Harder
The hardest
Well
Better
The best
Bady
Worse
The worst
b.for most adverbs of two or more
syllables, use more/less +adverb or the
most/ the least +adverb.
Skilfully
c.some adverbs use either more/less or –er
and the most/the least or the………-est
More/less
skilfully
The most/ the
least skilfully
Quickly
More
quickly
quicher
The most quickly
a. for one-syllable adverbs, use aderveb+ er or the+ adverb +-est
Be careful ! some adverbs have irregular
comparative and superlative forms.
4.Repeat the same comparative to talk about
change - an increase or a decrease:
Comparative + and + comparative
Adverb
adverb
Or
The quickest
•Steve is playing better and better as the
season continues.
(His performance keeps improving)
•He is shooting more and more accurately.
(His shooping keeps getting more accurate.)
More/less+ and+ more/less +adverb
5.use a double comparative to show cause and
effect:
The harder he played, the better he
performed
The+comparative adverb+the +comparative
adverb
(When he played harder ,his performance
improved.)
The more you practise, the better you became
.