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Summer assignment for Seniors Book: Mythology, by Edith Hamilton Part one: The gods, the Creation and the Earliest Heroes (Start in page 21) I. Each student should make 25 flashcards. Each one of them should be about a different mythological character. One side of the flashcard should have the name and picture of the character and the other side will have all pertinent information about him or her. Example: Side 1 Side 2 Zeus (Jupiter) One of the 12 Olympians. His power was greater than of all the other divinities together. He was the supreme ruler. He was Lord of the Sky, the Rain-god, and the Cloud-gatherer, who wielded the awful thunderbolt. He dethroned his father, Cronus, and seized the power for himself. He was not omnipotent nor omniscient. He could be opposed and deceived. Zeus He is represented as falling in love with one woman after another. You will make flashcards for the following characters: Titans (Elder gods) 1 Cronus 2 Ocean [Look at part one] The 12 Olympians 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Zeus (Jupiter) Hera (Juno) Poseidon (Neptune) Hades (Pluto) Pallas Athena (Minerva) Phoebus Apollo Artemis (Diana) Aphrodite (Venus) Hermes (Mercury) Other gods and heroes Demeter (Ceres) Dionisus (Bacchus) [pages 5675] Perseus, Theseus, Hercules, Atlanta. [see part three, start on page 191] 10. Ares (Mars) 11. Hephaestus (Vulcan and Mulciber) 12. Hestia (Vesta) [Look part one] How the world and mankind were created (Start on page 76) II. Answer the following questions in your own words. The creation of the world According to Greek Mythology, who was born from darkness and death? What happened right after? ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ How were the Giants and the Erinyes created? ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Who rebelled against, and defeated, Cronus? ____________________________________________________________________________________ What was Atlas’ punishment? ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Who was Typhon? ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ When the Giants revolted against Zeus, who helped Zeus win? _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ The creation of mankind 1) Tell me in your own words the story of the creation of mankind by Prometheus and Epimetheus _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ a) Are you more like Prometheus or like Epimetheus? Why? _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ b) Tell me in your own words the story of the “five ages” of the creation of mankind: _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ c) How do you think these stories are different from, or alike to, the Christian myth of creation? _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ The earliest heroes (Start in page 94) III: Answer the following questions: a) Prometheus and Io 1) What happened to Io? Who is the cause of her misfortune? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ b) Europa Tell in your own words, in at least one paragraph, the story of Europa. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ c) The Cyclops Polyphemus 1) How is the story of Polyphemus and Galatea different from the fairy tale “The beauty and the beast?” Explain your answer ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ d) Flower myths: Narcissus, Hyacint, Adonis: 1) Tell me which one of the Flower Myths is your favorite and why. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Stories of love and adventure (Starts in page 120) III - Answer the following questions about the Stories of love and adventure a) Cupid and Psyche 1. - Do you believe that Cupid did the right thing when he flew away, after Psyche saw him sleeping? Is it true that “love cannot live where there is no thrust”? Why do you think so? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 2.- What do you think about Psyche’s sisters? Why? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 3.- What do you think about Venus? Is she humble? Why? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 4.-In Greek mythology, Love (Cupid) is the son of Beauty (Venus). Do you believe that love is only the result of the appreciation of beauty? Is beauty only physical? Explain your answer. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ b) Pyramus and Thisbe 1.- How does this story explain the color of the mulberries? Do you believe that some myths served as explanations of the natural world? Why do you think so? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Many critics have said that the Pryamus and Thisbe are the original Romeo and Juliet. Do you agree? How are their similar stories, and how are they different? Why? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ c) Orpheus and Eurydice (Aka, Dr. Iris’ Favorite) 1) Since he makes the lyrics for his own songs, Orpheus is both a musician and a poet. He is so good at what he does that he is almost a god. His power is to charm and to enchant with his music. He persuades with beauty. Now, do you believe that the work of the artists nowadays still has the intention of using beauty to persuade or convince? Why? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 2) Why was Orpheus not able to rescue his wife? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ d) Ceyx and Alcione 1) Tell me how, in the end, Ceyx and Alcione were able to be together? Did you like the ending of this story? Why? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ e) Pygmalion and Galatea 1. Do you think that an artist can fall in love with his own creation? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. The gods created man, and man (if he is an artist like Pygmalion or Orpheus) created art. Seeing this relationship, do you believe that art and artist were important for the ancient Greeks? Why? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ f) Baucis and Philemon 1. In this particular Myth the lovers are not young, nor beautiful. They don’t even have a wonderful story of adventures or luxuries. Do you think that their story is a good love story? Why? __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ g) Endymion 1. Tell me, in your own words, the story of Endymion and Selene ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ h) Make a drawing of the transformation of Daphne I) 1. Alpheus and Arethusa Do you think that the story of Alpheus and Arethusa is a good love story? Why? __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________